伊马替尼是第一代酪氨酸激酶抑制剂,是治疗慢性粒细胞白血病(CML)的一个里程碑药物。由诺华公司于2001年推出,是靶向治疗成功的典范。它仅杀灭髓系细胞中含有的BCR-ABL,阻止细胞增殖和肿瘤形成,而对正常细胞无影响。此外,伊马替尼还抑制PDGF介导的肿瘤生长,包括神经胶质瘤和前列腺癌。
上世纪八十年代,科学研究发现大多数慢性粒细胞白血病患者的粒细胞中两条染色体发生易位,产生了融合激酶BCR-ABL,导致该激酶活性持续激活,从而引发细胞失控性增生——血癌。在此基础上,美国俄勒冈健康科学大学的生物学家Druker博士提出了以BCR-ABL作为药物靶点的假想,并提出开发针对该靶点的激酶抑制剂来治疗慢性粒细胞白血病。
先导物筛选与优化
随后,Druker与诺华公司的化学家Nick Lydon合作,在化合物库中筛选出能够抑制BCR-ABL激酶的小分子抑制剂,并进行优化后开发出了伊马替尼。临床前研究和临床试验结果表明,伊马替尼安全有效,绝大多数慢粒患者获得了完全的血液学缓解,且副作用比细胞毒抗肿瘤药物少得多。
用途
伊马替尼主要用于治疗慢性粒细胞白血病。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-4-(3-吡啶基)-2-嘧啶胺 | N-(5-nitro-2-methylphenyl)-4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidineamine | 152460-09-8 | C16H13N5O2 | 307.312 |
| 4-甲基-3-[[4-(3-吡啶基)-2-嘧啶基]氨基]苯甲酸 | 4-methyl-3-[[4-(3-pyridinyl)-2-pyrimidinyl]amino]benzoic acid | 641569-94-0 | C17H14N4O2 | 306.324 |
| 6-氯-N-(2-甲基-5-硝基苯基)-4-(3-吡啶基)-2-嘧啶胺 | 6-chloro-N-(2-methyl-5-nitrophenyl)-4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyrimidin-amine | 1016637-24-3 | C16H12ClN5O2 | 341.757 |
| 伊马替尼 | imatinib | 152459-95-5 | C29H31N7O | 493.611 |
| 4-(3-吡啶基)-2-氨基嘧啶 | 4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamine | 66521-66-2 | C9H8N4 | 172.189 |
| —— | N-(5-amino-2-methylphenyl)-4-(3-pyridyl)-2-pyridineamine | 641615-51-2 | C17H16N4 | 276.341 |
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| —— | N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)acrylamide | 1202756-45-3 | C19H17N5O | 331.377 |
| —— | N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)propiolamide | 1204575-25-6 | C19H15N5O | 329.361 |
| —— | 4-{4-methyl-3-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino]phenylaminomethyl}benzoic acid | 1143459-67-9 | C24H21N5O2 | 411.463 |
| —— | N-(4-methyl-3(4-(pyridine-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)benzamide | 152459-94-4 | C23H19N5O | 381.437 |
| —— | (E)-N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)cinnamamide | 1186073-27-7 | C25H21N5O | 407.475 |
| —— | 4-amino-N-(4-methyl-3-((4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide | 623901-01-9 | C23H20N6O | 396.451 |
| —— | (E)-3-(4-{[4-methyl-3-(4-pyridin-3-yl-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenylamino]methyl}phenyl)acrylic acid | 1143459-63-5 | C26H23N5O2 | 437.501 |
| —— | (E)-N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)-3-p-tolylacrylamide | 1186073-39-1 | C26H23N5O | 421.502 |
| —— | methyl 4-{4-methyl-3-[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino]phenylaminomethyl}benzoate | 1026788-31-7 | C25H23N5O2 | 425.49 |
| —— | 4-methyl-N-(4-methyl-3-((4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide | —— | C24H21N5O | 395.464 |
| —— | 4-(aminomethyl)-N-(4-methyl-3-((4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide | 791609-83-1 | C24H22N6O | 410.478 |
| —— | (E)-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)-pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)acrylamide | 1186073-37-9 | C25H20ClN5O | 441.92 |
| —— | (E)-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-(4-methyl-3-(4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl)acrylamide | 1186073-46-0 | C25H20FN5O | 425.465 |
| —— | (E)-3-(4-bromophenyl)-N-[4-methyl-3-(4-pyridin-3-ylpyrimidin-2-ylamino)phenyl]acrylamide | 1186073-52-8 | C25H20BrN5O | 486.371 |
| —— | 4-chloro-N-(4-methyl-3-((4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide | —— | C23H18ClN5O | 415.882 |
| 4-氯甲基-N-[4-甲基-3-[[4-(吡啶-3-基)嘧啶-2-基]氨基]苯基]苯甲酰胺 | 4-(chloromethyl)-N-(4-methyl-3-((4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl)amino)phenyl)benzamide | 404844-11-7 | C24H20ClN5O | 429.909 |
| —— | 4-(Bromomethyl)-N-{4-methyl-3-[(4-pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-ylamino]-phenyl}-benzamide | 1202069-89-3 | C24H20BrN5O | 474.36 |