2-methyl-2-[(E)-2-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)ethenyl]-1,3-dioxolane | 142739-15-9

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 异戊烯醇脂质
• 英文名称: 2-methyl-2-[(E)-2-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)ethenyl]-1,3-dioxolane
• CAS: 142739-15-9
• 化学式: C₁₅H₂₂O₂
• 分子量: 234.338
• InChiKey: KDVQFSVEFOQRQC-VQHVLOKHSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.8
• 重原子数：
  17
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  2.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.6
• 拓扑面积：
  18.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2-methyl-2-[(E)-2-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)ethenyl]-1,3-dioxolane 在 盐酸 、 4-二甲氨基吡啶 、 manganese(IV) oxide 、 sodium hydroxide 、 9-borabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane dimer 、 甲酸 、 四丁基氟化铵 、 双氧水 、 sodium hydride 、 二异丁基氢化铝 、 N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺 、 lithium diisopropyl amide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 乙醚 、 二氯甲烷 、 N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 、 丙酮 为溶剂， 反应 6.25h， 生成 3-diazoacetoxy-9-cis-retinal
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Synthesis and binding studies of a photoaffinity label for bovine rhodopsin

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja00375a048
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  beta-紫罗酮 在 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS) 、 sodium carbonate 、 对甲苯磺酸 作用下， 生成 2-methyl-2-[(E)-2-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dien-1-yl)ethenyl]-1,3-dioxolane
  参考文献：
  名称：

  - （±）ë - （1,2,4-三羟基-2,6,6- tirmethylcyclohexyl） -丁-3-烯-2-酮：一种新型的类胡萝卜素降解从新西兰百里香分离（百里香）蜜

  摘要：

  从β-紫罗兰酮开始描述了标题化合物的外消旋合成。关键步骤包括三烯的选择性氢硼化，然后由钼介导的所得均烯丙基醇的环氧化，随后环氧化物的开环，得到标题化合物。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-4039(00)79850-9

文献信息

• Process for Synthesis of (3S)- and (3R)-3-Hydroxy-Beta-Ionone, and Their Transformation to Zeaxanthin and Beta-Cryptoxanthin
  申请人：Khachik Frederick

  公开号：US20090311761A1

  公开（公告）日：2009-12-17

  (3R)-3-Hydroxy-β-ionone and (3S)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone are two important intermediates in the synthesis of carotenoids with β-end group such as lutein, zeaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, and their stereoisomers. Among the various stereoisomers of these carotenoids, only (3R,3′R,6′R)-lutein, (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin, and (3R)-β-cryptoxanthin are present in commonly consumed fruits and vegetables. There are 3 possible stereoisomers for zeaxanthin, these are: dietary (3R,3′R)-zeaxanthin (1), non-dietary (3S,3′S)-zeaxanthin (2), and non-dietary (3R,3′S;meso)-zeaxanthin (3) which is a presumed metabolite of dietary lutein. Dietary lutein as well as 1 and 3 are accumulated in the human macula and have been implicated in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration. (3R)-β-Cryptoxanthin (4) is also present in selected ocular tissues at a very low concentration whereas its enantiomer (3S)-β-cryptoxanthin (5) is absent in foods and human plasma. The present invention relates to a process for the synthesis of (3R)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone and its (3S)-enantiomer in high optical purity from commercially available (rac)-α-ionone. The key intermediate for the synthesis of these hydroxyionones is 3-keto-α-ionone ketal that was prepared from (rac)-α-ionone after protection of this ketone as a 1,3-dioxolane. Reduction of 3-keto-α-ionone ketal followed by deprotection, lead to 3-hydroxy-α-ionone that was transformed into (rac)-3-hydroxy-β-ionone by base-catalyzed double bond isomerization in 46% overall yield from (rac)-α-ionone. The racemic mixture of these hydroxyionones was then resolved by enzyme-mediated acylation in 96% ee. (3R)-3-Hydroxy-β-ionone and its (3S)-enantiomer were respectively transformed to (3R)-3-hydroxy-(β-ionylideneethyl)triphenylphosphonium chloride [(3R)—C 15 -Wittig salt] and its (3S)-enantiomer [(3S)—C 15 -Wittig salt] according to known procedures. Double Wittig condensation of these Wittig salts with commercially available 2,5-dimethylocta-2,4,6-triene-1,8-dial provided all 3 stereoisomers of zeaxanthin (1-3). Similarly, (3R)—C 15 -Wittig and its (3S)-enantiomer were each coupled with β-apo-12′-carotenal to yield 4 and 5.

  (3R)-3-羟基-β-离子酮和(3S)-3-羟基-β-离子酮是合成带有β末端基团的类胡萝卜素如叶黄素、玉米黄质、β-隐黄素及其立体异构体的两个重要中间体。在这些类胡萝卜素的各种立体异构体中，只有(3R,3′R,6′R)-叶黄素、(3R,3′R)-玉米黄质和(3R)-β-隐黄素存在于常见的水果和蔬菜中。玉米黄质有3种可能的立体异构体，分别是：膳食(3R,3′R)-玉米黄质（1）、非膳食(3S,3′S)-玉米黄质（2）和非膳食(3R,3′S;meso)-玉米黄质（3），后者被认为是膳食叶黄素的代谢产物。膳食叶黄素以及1和3在人类黄斑中积累，并被认为有助于预防年龄相关性黄斑变性。 (3R)-β-隐黄素（4）也以极低浓度存在于选定的眼部组织中，而其对映异构体(3S)-β-隐黄素（5）在食物和人类血浆中不存在。本发明涉及一种从市售的（rac）-α-离子酮合成（3R）-3-羟基-β-离子酮及其（3S）对映体的高光学纯度的过程。合成这些羟基酮的关键中间体是从（rac）-α-离子酮制备的3-酮-α-离子酮缩酮，在保护该酮为1,3-二氧兰后得到。随后对3-酮-α-离子酮缩酮进行还原和去保护，得到3-羟基-α-离子酮，再经碱催化的双键异构化，从（rac）-α-离子酮中总产率为46%地转化为（rac）-3-羟基-β-离子酮。然后通过酶介导的酰化将这些羟基酮的外消旋混合物在96%纯度下分离。 (3R)-3-羟基-β-离子酮及其（3S）对映体分别按照已知程序转化为(3R)-3-羟基-(β-离子乙基)三苯基膦盐[(3R)—C15-Wittig盐]和其（3S）对映体[(3S)—C15-Wittig盐]。这些Wittig盐与市售的2,5-二甲基辛-2,4,6-三烯-1,8-二醛进行双Wittig缩合，提供了叶黄素的3种立体异构体（1-3）。类似地，(3R)—C15-Wittig及其（3S）对映体分别与β-脱氧-12'-类胡萝卜醛偶联，得到4和5。
• New hindered isomers of 3-dehydroretinal (vitamin A2)
  作者：Rong-Liang Chen、Robert S.H. Liu

  DOI：10.1016/0040-4020(96)00355-9

  日期：1996.6

  preparation of six new isomers (7-cis, 7,9-dicis, 7,11-dicis, 7,13-dicis, 7,9,11-tricis and 7,9,13-tricis) of 3-dehydroretinal (1, vitamin A2), and their spectroscopic properties are reported. Because of the unexpected 1,7-H migration in photo-sensitized isomerization of the smaller building blocks in the dehydro-series, the introduction of the 7-cis geometry in the synthesis of new hindered isomers of 3-dehydroretinal

  3-脱水视黄醛的6种新异构体（7-顺式，7,9-双，7,11-双，7,13-双，7,9,11-三和7,9,13-三）的制备报道了1种维生素A 2）及其光谱性质。由于在脱氢系列中较小结构单元的光敏异构化过程中出乎意料的1,7-H迁移，因此在合成3-脱氢视网膜的新受阻异构体时引入7-顺式几何需要该顺式的构建。 -双键优先于3,4-双键。
• Synthesis of (±)-E-(1,2,4-trihydroxy-2,6,6-tirmethylcyclohexyl)-but-3-en-2-one: A novel degraded carotenoid isolated from New Zealand thyme (thymus vulgaris) honey
  作者：Susan J. Broom、Richard M. Ede、Alistair L. Wilkins

  DOI：10.1016/s0040-4039(00)79850-9

  日期：1992.5

  A racemic synthesis of the title compound is described starting from β-ionone. The key steps involve selective hydroboration of a triene, followed by molybdenum mediated epoxidation of the resulting homoallylic alcohol with subsequent ring opening of the epoxide to give the title compound.

  从β-紫罗兰酮开始描述了标题化合物的外消旋合成。关键步骤包括三烯的选择性氢硼化，然后由钼介导的所得均烯丙基醇的环氧化，随后环氧化物的开环，得到标题化合物。
• US8222458B2
  申请人：——

  公开号：US8222458B2

  公开（公告）日：2012-07-17
• Synthesis and binding studies of a photoaffinity label for bovine rhodopsin
  作者：Ranjan Sen、John D. Carriker、Valeria Balogh-Nair、Koji Nakanishi

  DOI：10.1021/ja00375a048

  日期：1982.6