chloroamine-T | 127-65-1

• 物质功能分类: 原料药 - 人工合成抗感染类药 - 消毒防腐药
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: chloroamine-T
• 英文别名: chloramine-T；CAT；sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide；N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide sodium salt；chloramine T trihydrate；N-chloro 4-methylbenzenesulfonamide sodium salt；sodium chloro[(4-methylbenzene)sulfonyl]azanide；sodium N-chloro-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide；N-chloro-N-sodio-p-toluenesulfonamide；sodium N-chloro-p-toluenesulphonamide；N-chloro-p-toluenesulphonamide sodium salt；N-chloro-p-toluenesulfonamide sodium；[chloro(p-tolylsulfonyl)amino]sodium；sodium chloro(tosyl)amide；chloramine T, anhydrous；sodium p-toluenesulfonchloramide；choramine T；chloramine；Aktiven；TsNClNa；chloramine-t anhydrous；sodium;chloro-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide
• CAS: 127-65-1
• 化学式: C₇H₇ClNO₂S*Na
• mdl: MFCD00000522
• 分子量: 227.647
• InChiKey: VDQQXEISLMTGAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  167-170 °C(lit.)
• 密度：
  1.401[at 20℃]
• 溶解度：
  H2O:>100 mg/mL
• LogP：
  -1.3 at 20℃
• 物理描述：
  WHITE SOLID IN VARIOUS FORMS WITH CHARACTERISTIC ODOUR.
• 颜色/状态：
  White or slightly yellow crystals or crystalline powder
• 气味：
  Slight odor of chlorine
• 闪点：
  192 °C c.c. (trihydrate)
• 稳定性/保质期：
  在乙醇中分解，受空气和光的作用也会逐渐分解。它具有杀菌性能，对金色链霉菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌的抑制浓度为2000 μg·L-1，在pH呈酸性时的抗菌效果比pH呈碱性时更强。主要通过氧化分解病菌体有效成分和酶蛋白来起到抑菌作用。吸收后会抑制中枢神经机能，引起气喘。
• 分解：
  When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /hydrogen chloride, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and sodium oxides/

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1.85
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.142
• 拓扑面积：
  43.5
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  3

ADMET

毒理性

• 暴露途径

该物质可以通过吸入其气溶胶和通过吞食被吸收进人体。

The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation of its aerosol and by ingestion.

来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

毒理性

• 吸入症状

咳嗽。喉咙痛。喘息。

Cough. Sore throat. Wheezing.

来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

毒理性

• 皮肤症状

红斑。疼痛。

Redness. Pain.

来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

毒理性

• 眼睛症状

红肿。疼痛。

Redness. Pain.

来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

毒理性

• 摄入症状

恶心。呕吐。腹泻。

Nausea. Vomiting. Diarrhoea.

来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)

吸收、分配和排泄

小鱼和幼年鳟鱼暴露于20毫克/升（治疗浓度的两倍）的环UL-14C-对甲苯磺酰氯酰胺钠（纯度93.7%，比活性1.2微居里/微摩尔）中，最多1小时，然后转移到新鲜水中以评估组织的积累和残留物的分布。井水的温度为11.6至12.2°C。估计对甲苯磺酰胺等效物在小鱼体内的半衰期为27.3小时，而通过HPLC测定的全身体匀浆中对甲苯磺酰胺残留物的半衰期为36.3小时。基于放射性数据，估计幼年鱼体内残留物的半衰期为32.6小时，而通过HPLC测定的全身体样本中对甲苯磺酰胺残留物的半衰期为40.3小时。基于放射性计数，从小鱼和幼年全身体匀浆中消除总对甲苯磺酰氯酰胺钠残留物是迅速的，但从小鱼（半衰期为27.3小时）中消除的速度显著快于从幼年鱼（半衰期为32.5小时）中消除的速度。...对甲苯磺酰氯酰胺钠在浴液中通过小鱼和幼年鳟鱼吸收不良。在这项研究中，在任何鱼组织中都没有发现对甲苯磺酰氯酰胺钠的残留物，只发现了主要代谢物对甲苯磺酰胺，因此，所有组织的残留物都是基于对甲苯磺酰胺等效浓度的放射测量或HPLC方法报告的。基于放射性分析，1小时后全身体匀浆中对甲苯磺酰胺等效物的浓度为980微克/千克，这个值约为暴露水中的5%，在小鱼中。在幼年鱼中，这个值为570微克/千克，约为暴露浴液浓度的3%。1小时后，基于HPLC分析，全身体匀浆中对甲苯磺酰胺的暴露量为360微克/千克，在小鱼中，170微克/千克在幼年鱼中。

Fingerlings and juvenile trout were exposed to 20 mg/L (twice the therapeutic concentration) of ring UL-14C-tosylchloramide sodium (purity 93.7%, specific activity 1.2 uCi/uM) for up to 1 hr and then transferred to fresh water for recovery to assess tissue accumulation and distribution of resulting residues. The temperature of the well water was 11.6 to 12.2 °C. The estimated half-life of para-toluenesulfonamide equivalents in fingerlings was 27.3 hours whereas determined by HPLC the half-life of para-toluenesulfonamide residues in whole-body homogenates was 36.3 hours. The estimated half-life of residues in juvenile fish was 32.6 hours, based on radiometric data, while determined by HPLC the half-life for para-toluenesulfonamide residues in whole body samples was 40.3 hours. Elimination of total tosylchloramide sodium residues from fingerlings and juvenile whole-body homogenates, based on radiometric counts, was rapid but significantly faster from fingerlings (t1/2 of 27.3 hours) than from juveniles (t1/2 of 32.5 hours). ...Tosylchloramide sodium was poorly absorbed form the bath by both fingerling and juvenile trout. No residues of tosylchloramide sodium, only of the primary metabolite para-toluenesulfonamide, were found in any of the fish tissues in this study therefore, all tissue residues determined either by radiometric or by HPLC methods were reported on the basis of equivalent concentrations of para-toluenesulfonamide. The para-toluenesulfonamide equivalents concentration in whole body homogenates after 1 hr, based on radiometric analysis, was 980 ug/kg, a value about 5% of that in the exposure water, in fingerlings. In juveniles, this value was 570 ug/kg or about 3% of the concentration ing the exposure bath. The exposure of para-toluenesulfonamide in whole body homogenates, after 1 hr, based on HPLC analyses was 360 ug/kg in fingerlings and 170 ug/kg in juveniles.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

吸收、分配和排泄

对甲苯磺酰氯钠的经皮吸收进行了研究。在8天的哺乳期间，每天两次在挤奶时对5头泌乳期奶牛进行治疗。在挤奶前用含有0.5%对甲苯磺酰氯的溶液清洁乳头，然后在挤奶后再次浸泡到同一溶液中。含有0.5%对甲苯磺酰氯的溶液每天新鲜配制。在治疗期间、最后一次治疗前立即以及最后一次治疗后的30分钟、1小时、2小时、4小时、8小时、16小时和24小时，从颈静脉采血样。样品使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行测试，其中对甲苯磺酰氯在样品分析前被水解为对甲苯磺酰胺。该方法对对甲苯磺酰胺的检测限为5微克/千克，对对甲苯磺酰氯的检测限为8微克/千克。在任何血样中都没有检测到对甲苯磺酰胺的残留。因此，可以得出结论，经皮涂抹到乳头的对甲苯磺酰氯在血液中的吸收可以忽略不计。

The percutaneous absorption of tosylchloramide sodium was investigated. Five lactating cows were treated twice daily during milking for 8 days. The teats were cleaned before milking with udder tissues dipped in a solution containing 0.5% tosylchloramide and thereafter dipped after milking into the same solution. The solutions containing 0.5% tosylchloramide were freshly prepared every day. Blood samples were taken from the Vena jugularis during the treatment, immediately before the last treatment and 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 24 hours after the last treatment. The samples were tested with a HPLC method where tosylchloramide is hydrolysed into para-toluenesulfonamide before analyzing of the samples. The detection limit of the method was 5 ug/kg of para-toluenesulfonamide and 8 ug/kg for tosylchloramide. No residues of para-toluenesulfonamide could be detected in any blood samples. It is concluded that the absorption of tosylchloramide in blood in negligible after percutaneous application to the teat.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  8
• 危险品标志：
  Xn,C
• 安全说明：
  S1/2,S22,S26,S36/37/39,S45,S7
• 危险类别码：
  R22,R34,R42,R31
• WGK Germany：
  2
• 海关编码：
  2935009090
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 3263 8/PG 3
• 包装等级：
  II
• 危险类别：
  8
• 危险性防范说明：
  P260,P264,P270,P273,P280,P284,P301+P312+P330,P301+P330+P331,P303+P361+P353,P304+P340+P310,P305+P351+P338+P310,P342+P311,P363,P405,P501
• 危险性描述：
  H302,H314,H334,H412
• 储存条件：
  库房应保持低温、通风和干燥，并与酸类物质分开存放。

SDS

Name:	Chloramine T-Sodium Salt Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	Sodium N-chloro-4-toluene sulfonamide; chloramine-t
CAS:	127-65-1

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Chloramine T-Sodium Salt Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Sodium N-chloro-4-toluene sulfonamide; chloramine-t

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Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
127-65-1	Chloramine-t	100 %	204-854-7

Hazard Symbols: XN
Risk Phrases: 36/37/38 42

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Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Appearance: white.
Warning! May cause skin irritation. May cause allergic respiratory reaction. Air sensitive. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated. May cause severe eye irritation and possible injury. May cause severe respiratory and digestive tract irritation with possible burns.
Target Organs: None.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
Causes eye irritation. May result in corneal injury.
Skin:
Causes skin irritation.
Ingestion:
May cause severe gastrointestinal tract irritation with nausea, vomiting and possible burns.
Inhalation:
May cause irritation of the respiratory tract with burning pain in the nose and throat, coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath and pulmonary edema.
Chronic:
Repeated exposure may cause allergic respiratory reaction (asthma).

---

Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid immediately.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes.
Ingestion:
If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid immediately.
Inhalation:
Get medical aid immediately. Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.
Notes to Physician:
Treat symptomatically and

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Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media:
In case of fire, use water, dry chemical, chemical foam, or alcohol-resistant foam.

---

Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal.

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Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Wash hands before eating. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use only in a well ventilated area. Do not get on skin or in eyes. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage:
Store in a cool, dry place. Keep container closed when not in use.

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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Use adequate general or local exhaust ventilation to keep airborne concentrations below the permissible exposure limits.
Exposure Limits +--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-----------------+ | Chemical Name | ACGIH | NIOSH |OSHA - Final PELs| |--------------------|-------------------|-------------------|-----------------| | Chloramine-t |none listed |none listed |none listed | +--------------------+-------------------+-------------------+-----------------+ OSHA Vacated PELs: Chloramine-t: No OSHA Vacated PELs are listed for this chemical.
Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.

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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Solid
Appearance: white
Odor: None reported.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: Not available.
Freezing/Melting Point: 167-170 C (decomposes)
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
NFPA Rating: Not published.
Explosion Limits, Lower: Not available.
Upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature: Not available.
Solubility: Soluble in water.
Specific Gravity/Density: Not available.
Molecular Formula: C7H7ClNO2SNa
Molecular Weight: 227.5573

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Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, exposure to air, acids.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Strong oxidizing agents, air, and acids. May decompose violently if heated above 130 C. Explodes when heated to 175 C. Mixtures with calcium carbonate + isonitriles explode when warmed.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Hydrogen chloride, chlorine, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, oxides of sulfur, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, toxic fumes of sodium oxide.
Hazardous Polymerization: Has not been reported.

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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 127-65-1: XT5616800 LD50/LC50:
Not available.
Carcinogenicity:
Chloramine-t - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, NIOSH, NTP, or OSHA.
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Chemical waste generators must determine whether a discarded chemical is classif as a hazardous waste.
US EPA guidelines for the classification determination are listed in 40 CFR Part Additionally, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste regu ensure complete and accurate classification.
RCRA P-Series: None listed.
RCRA U-Series: None listed.

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Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

CDG/CPL
Not classified as hazardous for supply.
Canadian TDG
No information available.

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Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: XN
Risk Phrases:
R 36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system
and skin.
R 42 May cause sensitization by inhalation.
Safety Phrases:
S 2 Keep out of reach of children.
S 7 Keep container tightly closed.
S 15 Keep away from heat.
S 22 Do not breathe dust.
S 36/37/39 Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves
and eye/face protection.
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 127-65-1: 2
United Kingdom Occupational Exposure Limits
Canada
CAS# 127-65-1 is listed on Canada's DSL/NDSL List.
WHMIS: Not available.
CAS# 127-65-1 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
Exposure Limits
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 127-65-1 is listed on the TSCA inventory.
Health & Safety Reporting List
None of the chemicals are on the Health & Safety Reporting List.
Chemical Test Rules
None of the chemicals in this product are under a Chemical Test Rule.
Section 12b
None of the chemicals are listed under TSCA Section 12b.
TSCA Significant New Use Rule
None of the chemicals in this material have a SNUR under TSCA.
SARA
Section 302 (RQ)
None of the chemicals in this material have an RQ.
Section 302 (TPQ)
None of the chemicals in this product have a TPQ.
SARA Codes
CAS # 127-65-1: acute, reactive.
Section 313
No chemicals are reportable under Section 313.
Clean Air Act:
This material does not contain any hazardous air pollutants.
This material does not contain any Class 1 Ozone depletors.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

生物活性

氯胺-T是一种用于N端氯化和N端去质子化的磺胺剂，被用作杀虫剂和温和的消毒剂。它具有独特的化学性质，为棱柱状结晶，可溶于水但不溶于苯、氯仿和乙醚，在乙醇中会分解。无确定熔点，但在175-180℃时剧烈分解（爆炸）。稍带氯气味，并在干燥空气中逐渐失去水分，暴露在空气中会渐渐分解而析出氯。

用途

作为医药，用于创口洗涤、粘膜消毒、饮水消毒及医疗器械灭菌等。创口洗涤剂一般使用1-2%水溶液；粘膜消毒剂浓度为0.1-0.2%；饮水消毒剂则需按1:250000的比例稀释。在印染行业中用作漂白剂和氧化退浆剂，主要用于植物纤维的漂白，应用简便，只需加适量水溶解后稀释成0.1-0.3%溶液，在70-80℃下加热，再投入织物进行漂白；氯胺-T与水作用生成次氯酸，分解时释放初生态氧作为氧化退浆剂使用，效果迅速但需严格控制工艺条件，否则可能损伤纤维。在实验室分析中用作供给氯的试剂。

用途

制药工业中用于制备灭菌剂和磺胺类药物的测定、指示剂；本品为外用消毒药，对细菌、病毒、真菌和芽胞均有杀灭作用。其杀菌原理在于溶液产生次氯酸并释放氯，具有缓慢而持久的杀菌效果，并可溶解坏死组织。适用于饮水食具、食品器具、水果蔬菜消毒以及创面、粘膜冲洗。

生产方法

氯胺-T为生产糖精过程中的副产品，由对甲苯磺酰氯经氨水胺化、液碱成盐及氯气氯化而得。

类别

腐蚀物质

毒性分级

中毒

急性毒性

小鼠LD50：300毫克/公斤

可燃性危险特性

热分解时会排出有毒氮氧化物、硫氧化物、氯化物和氧化钠烟雾。

储运特性

应存放在低温通风干燥的库房，并与酸类分开存放。

灭火剂

水、二氧化碳、泡沫、干粉。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  chloroamine-T 在 溴 、 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 生成 bromamine T
  参考文献：
  名称：

  溴胺-T是烯烃无尖锐不对称氨基羟基化反应的有效胺源

  摘要：

  在（DHQ）2 PHAL配体存在下，使用溴胺-T作为氮源，进行了各种烯烃的不对称氨基羟基化反应。已经发现，新的氮源在产率和反应时间方面是有效的。可以使用高达99％的ee获得产品的光学纯度。

  DOI：

  10.1016/j.tetlet.2013.12.002
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  对甲苯磺酰胺 在 sodium hydroxide 、 氯 作用下， 以 水 为溶剂， 反应 1.0h， 生成 chloroamine-T
  参考文献：
  名称：

  N-(氯)-单/二取代苯磺酰胺钠盐在碱性水溶液中氧化D-果糖和D-葡萄糖的动力学和机理

  摘要：

  为了引入不同氧化强度的 N-氯芳基磺酰胺，采用九种单取代和二取代 N-氯芳基磺酰胺的钠盐作为氧化剂，研究 D-果糖和 D-葡萄糖在碱性水溶液中的氧化动力学。结果与N-氯苯磺酰胺和N-氯-4-甲基苯磺酰胺钠盐的结果一起分析。这些反应在 [氧化剂]、[Fru/Glu] 和 [OH-] 中均显示出一级动力学。速率随着介质离子强度的增加而略有增加。此外，在相同的氧化剂下，果糖的氧化速度比葡萄糖氧化的速度高4至5倍。类似地，葡萄糖氧化的 Ea 值比果糖氧化的 Ea 值高约 1.5 倍。结果已经通过合理的机制进行了解释，并推导出了相关的速率定律。随着苯环中取代基的变化，动力学和热力学数据发生显着变化。这是因为 Cl+ 是 N-氯芳基磺酰胺反应中的有效氧化剂。因此，后者的氧化强度取决于从它们中释放 Cl+ 的难易程度。从 N-氯芳基磺酰胺中释放 Cl+ 的难易程度取决于磺酰胺基团氮原子的电子密度，而这又取决于苯环中取代基的性质。以下

  DOI：

  10.1002/kin.20103
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  estrone triflate 在 甲醇 、 (1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride 、 sodium tetrahydroborate 、 copper(l) iodide 、 2,6-二叔丁基-4-甲基吡啶 、 sodium acetate 、 chloroamine-T 、 L-脯氨酸 、 sodium iodide 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 二氯甲烷 、 水 、 二甲基亚砜 为溶剂， 反应 77.08h， 生成 (8R,9S,13S,14S,17S)-17-methoxy-N,13-dimethyl-7,8,9,11,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-amine
  参考文献：
  名称：

  铑催化苯胺的直接邻位芳基化

  摘要：

  据报道，一种广泛适用的铑催化苯胺与（杂）芳基卤化物的直接邻位芳基化反应，基于容易获得的氨基膦作为无痕导向基团。邻位芳基化苯胺可以高产率获得，无需任何竞争性二芳基化，并且具有完全的区域选择性。通过 DFT 和支持实验阐明了催化循环。

  DOI：

  10.1002/anie.202403553

文献信息

• Mechanistic Studies of the Rhodium-Catalyzed Direct C–H Amination Reaction Using Azides as the Nitrogen Source
  作者：Sae Hume Park、Jaesung Kwak、Kwangmin Shin、Jaeyune Ryu、Yoonsu Park、Sukbok Chang

  DOI：10.1021/ja411072a

  日期：2014.2.12

  reaction using organic azides as the amino source. The most important two stages were investigated especially in detail: (i) the formation of metal nitrenoid species and its subsequent insertion into a rhodacycle intermediate, and (ii) the regeneration of catalyst with concomitant release of products. It was revealed that a stepwise pathway involving a key Rh(V)-nitrenoid species that subsequently undergoes

  芳烃的直接 CH 胺化为苯胺化合物提供了一种直接的途径，而无需芳基（伪）卤化物作为起始材料。该领域的最新发展，特别是金属介导的转化，在底物范围和反应条件方面具有重要意义。本文描述了使用有机叠氮化物作为氨基源的 Rh 催化的直接 CH 胺化反应的机理细节。特别详细地研究了最重要的两个阶段：(i) 金属氮烯类物质的形成及其随后插入红环中间体，以及 (ii) 伴随产物释放的催化剂再生。结果表明，与协调的 CN 键形成途径相比，涉及随后经历酰胺插入的关键 Rh(V)-硝基化合物的逐步途径更受青睐。DFT 计算和动力学研究表明，当前 CH 胺化反应中的限速步骤与 Rh-nitrenoid 中间体的形成更密切相关，而不是预设的 CH 活化过程。本研究提供了直接 CH 胺化反应的机械细节，该反应具有催化循环内球内和外球路径的两个方面。
• [DE] NEUE ALKYL-HALTIGE 5-ACYLINDOLINONE, DEREN HERSTELLUNG UND DEREN VERWENDUNG ALS ARZNEIMITTEL<br/>[EN] NOVEL ALKYL-CONTAINING 5-ACYLINDOLINONES, THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS<br/>[FR] NOUVELLES 5-ACYLINDOLINONES A TENEUR EN ALKYLE, LEUR PREPARATION ET LEUR UTILISATION COMME PRODUITS PHARMACEUTIQUES
  申请人：BOEHRINGER INGELHEIM INT

  公开号：WO2005087727A1

  公开（公告）日：2005-09-22

  Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft alkyl-haltige 5-Acylindolinone der allgemeinen Formel (I) in der R1 bis R3 wie in Anspruch 1 definiert sind, deren Tautomere, deren Enantiomere, deren Diastereomere, deren Gemische und deren Salze, welche wertvolle pharmakologische Eigenschaften aufweisen, insbesondere eine Hemmwirkung auf Proteinkinasen, insbesondere eine Hemmwirkung auf die Aktivität der Glykogen-Synthase-Kinase (GSK-3).

  本发明涉及通式（I）中R1至R3如权利要求1所定义的烷基含有的5-酰基吲哚酮，其互变异构体，对映体，非对映体，混合物和盐，具有有价值的药理特性，特别是对蛋白激酶具有抑制作用，特别是对糖原合成酶激酶（GSK-3）活性具有抑制作用。
• Cyclic dipeptides and azetidinone compounds and their use in treating CNS injury and neurodegenerative disorders
  申请人：Georgetown University

  公开号：US07202279B1

  公开（公告）日：2007-04-10

  The present invention provides 4-substituted-2-azetidinone compounds, bicyclic 2-5-diketopiperazine compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof that are potent, safe and effective neuroprotective agents. Due to their strong central nervous system (CNS) activity, the compounds can be used to enhance memory and to treat a variety of neurological disorders. The compounds are particularly useful for treating neurological disorders caused by, or associated with, CNS trauma.

  本发明提供了4-取代-2-氮杂环己酮化合物、双环2-5-二酮哌嗪化合物及其药物组合物，它们是有效、安全且有效的神经保护剂。由于它们具有强大的中枢神经系统（CNS）活性，这些化合物可用于增强记忆力并治疗各种神经系统疾病。这些化合物特别适用于治疗由中枢神经系统创伤引起或与之相关的神经系统疾病。
• Formation of phospholimine and novel preparation of benzofurazans by thermolytic rearrangement of N-(o-nitroaryl)-1,2,5-triphenylphospholimines
  作者：J. I. G. Cadogan、R. Gee、R. J. Scott

  DOI：10.1039/c3972001242a

  日期：——

  5-triphenylphosphole with aryl-, arylsulphonyl-, methylsulphonyl-, ethoxycarbonyl-, and diphenylphosphinyl-azides readily give the novel 1,2,5-triphenylphospholimines (I; X = Ar, ArSO2, MeSO2, EtO2C, Ph2PO) which are thermally stable except for N-o-nitroaryl derivatives, e.g.(III), which give benzofurazans and 1,2,5-triphenylphosphole oxide, a reaction which does not occur with the corresponding P-triphenyl-or P-trithoxy-derivatives

  1,2,5-三苯基膦与芳基-，芳基磺酰基-，甲基磺酰基-，乙氧基羰基-和二苯基次膦酰基叠氮化物的反应轻松获得了新的1,2,5-三苯基膦酰亚胺（I; X = Ar，ArSO 2，MeSO 2，环氧乙烷2 C，博士2 PO）具有热除了稳定ñ - ö -nitroaryl衍生物，例如（III），这给benzofurazans和1,2,5- triphenylphosphole氧化物，其不与所述相应发生反应P -三苯基-或P -trithoxy衍生物[PH 3 P = NAR或（ETO）3 P = NAR]。
• [EN] NOVEL 6,7-DIHYDROBENZO[A]QUINOLIZIN-2-ONE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT AND PROPHYLAXIS OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS INFECTION<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX DÉRIVÉS DE 6,7-DIHYDROBENZO[A]QUINOLIZIN-2-ONE POUR LE TRAITEMENT ET LA PROPHYLAXIE D'UNE INFECTION PAR LE VIRUS DE L'HÉPATITE B
  申请人：HOFFMANN LA ROCHE

  公开号：WO2016071215A1

  公开（公告）日：2016-05-12

  The invention provides novel compounds having the general formula (I) wherein R1 to R6, W and X are as described herein and their pharmaceutically acceptable salt, enantiomer or diastereomer thereof, and compositions including the compounds and methods of using the compounds.

  这项发明提供了具有一般式（I）的新化合物，其中R1至R6、W和X如本文所述，以及它们的药用盐、对映体或二对映体，以及包括这些化合物的组合物和使用这些化合物的方法。

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