消毒防腐药是指能迅速杀灭病原微生物的局部用药以及能够抑制微生物生长繁殖的防腐药物,虽然这两类药物之间没有严格界限,通常统称为消毒防腐药。它们主要用于体表(包括皮肤、黏膜、外伤)、排泄物、器械和环境的消毒,在卫生防疫及战场救护中占据重要地位。
这类药物种类繁多,作用机理各异,主要包括酚类、醇类、醛类、酸类、卤素类、染料类、氧化剂、重金属化合物以及表面活性剂等。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 龙胆紫 | N-(4-{bis[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylidene}cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methanaminium | 765266-81-7 | C24H28N3+ |
| 间苯二酚 | recorcinol | 108-46-3 | C6H6O2 |
| 铬酸 | chromic acid | 7738-94-5 | CrH2O4 |
| 醋酸氯己定 | chlorhexidine diacetate | 56-95-1 | 2C2H4O2*C22H30Cl2N10 |
| 薄荷脑 | menthol | 1490-04-6 | C10H20O |
| 葡萄糖酸氯己定 | chlorhexidine gluconate | 18472-51-0 | C6H12O7*C22H30Cl2N10 |
| 苯酚-氯仿-异戊醇混合物 | Phenol chloroform isoamyl alcohol | 136112-00-0 | C12H19Cl3O2 |
| 苯酚 | phenol | 108-95-2 | C6H6O |
| 苯甲酸钠 | Sodium benzoate, analytical standard | 532-32-1 | C7H6NaO2 |
| 苯甲酸苄酯 | benzoic acid benzyl ester | 120-51-4 | C14H12O2 |
| 苯甲酸 | benzoic acid | 65-85-0 | C7H6O2 |
| 聚维酮碘(PVP-I) | Povidone-Iodine | 25655-41-8 | C6H9NO*I2 |
| 组织用蛋白银 | Silver protein | 9015-51-4 | C228H316Cl3FN24O9S8 |
| 碘仿 | iodoform | 75-47-8 | CHI3 |
| 硼酸 | boric acid | 10043-35-3 | BH3O3 |
| 硼砂五水合物 | Boron sodium oxide pentahydrate | 12179-04-3 | B4H10Na2O12 |
| 盐酸氨吖啶 | acridin-9-amine hydrochloride | 134-50-9 | C13H10N2*ClH |
| 百里酚 | 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol | 89-83-8 | C10H14O |
| 环氧乙烷 | oxirane | 75-21-8 | C2H4O |
| 灭菌酚 | hexachlorophene | 70-30-4 | C13H6Cl6O2 |
| 醋酸 | acetic acid | 64-19-7 | C2H4O2 |
| 溴氯海因 | N-bromo-N'-chloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin | 16079-88-2 | C5H6BrClN2O2 |
| 汞(II) | Mercuric cation | 14302-87-5 | Hg+2 |
| 汞 | mercury | 7439-97-6 | Hg |
| 水杨酸苯酯 | phenyl Salicylate | 118-55-8 | C13H10O3 |
| 水杨酸乙酯 | 2-hydroxy-benzoic acid ethyl ester | 118-61-6 | C9H10O3 |
| 水杨酸 | salicylic acid | 69-72-7 | C7H6O3 |
| 水杨酰苯胺 | salicylanilide | 87-17-2 | C13H11NO2 |
| 氯胺 T | chloramine-T | 127-65-1 | C7H8ClNO2S*Na |
| 氯己定 | chlorhexidine | 55-56-1 | C22H30Cl2N10 |
| 氯化苯甲基二甲基十四烷基铵二水合物 | Benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride dihydrate | 147228-81-7 | C23H46ClNO2 |
| 氯化十六烷基吡啶 | cetylpyridinium chloride | 123-03-5 | C21H38N*Cl |
| 氯化亚汞 | mercury(I) chloride | 10112-91-1 | Cl2Hg2 |
| 氨基吖啶 | aminacrine | 90-45-9 | C13H10N2 |
| 次氯酸钠 | Sodium hypochlorous acid | 7681-52-9 | ClHNaO |
| 次氯酸钙 | 7778-54-3 | CaClHO | |
| 戊二醛 | Glutaraldehyde | 111-30-8 | C5H8O2 |
| 愈创奥 | 7-isopropyl-1,4-dimethyl-azulene | 489-84-9 | C15H18 |
| 己二酸,聚合2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇和2,5-呋喃二酮,苯酸酯 | 2-Phenoxyethanol | 9004-78-8 | C8H10O2 |
| 地瑞舒林 | Dicresulene | 78480-14-5 | C15H16O8S2 |
| 哈拉宗 | halazone | 80-13-7 | C7H5Cl2NO4S |
| 吖黄素 | acriflavine | 8048-52-0 | C13H11N3*C14H14N3*Cl |
| 十四烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵 | benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride | 139-08-2 | C23H42N*Cl |
| 十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 | cetyltrimethylammonim bromide | 57-09-0 | Br*C19H42N |
| 十二烷基二甲基苄基溴化铵 | ajatin | 7281-04-1 | Br*C21H38N |
| 十一烯酸锌 | 10-Undecenoic Acid Zinc | 557-08-4 | C11H20O2Zn |
| 依沙吖啶 | 6,9-diamino-2-ethoxyacridine | 442-16-0 | C15H15N3O |
| 五水合硼酸钠盐 | Sodium borate pentahydrate | 11130-12-4 | B4H10Na2O12 |
| 二氯胺T | N,N-dichloro-p-toluenesulfonamide | 473-34-7 | C7H7Cl2NO2S |
| 乳酸依沙吖啶(一水物) | ethacridine lactate monohydrate | 6402-23-9 | C3H6O3*C15H15N3O*H2O |