环糊精(Cyclodextrin,简称CD)是由淀粉在环糊精糖基转移酶的作用下降解得到的一种环状低聚糖。它由D-(+)-吡喃葡萄糖通过α-1,4-糖苷键首尾相连形成。根据组成的吡喃葡萄糖单元数量的不同,可以分为α-、β-和γ-环糊精,分别拥有6、7和8个葡萄糖单元(如式2-4所示)。环糊精的化学结构呈锥桶状,其结构式如式5所示(式5中,p=6为α环糊精,n=7为β环糊精,n=8为γ环糊精),具有疏水性的空腔。因此,它可以与特定结构大小的疏水性分子形成复合物,从而提高脂溶性物质的稳定性和水溶性。环糊精广泛应用于作为脂溶性药物载体、食品添加剂和化妆品填料等工业技术领域。
用途单-6-O-氨基-β-环糊精是一种环糊精衍生物,可用于制备其他环糊精衍生物。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
6A-叠氮基-6A-脱氧-β-环糊精 | mono(6-azido-6-deoxy)β-cyclodextrin | 98169-85-8 | C42H69N3O34 | 1160.01 |
β-环糊精 | β-cyclodextrin | 7585-39-9 | C42H70O35 | 1135.0 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 6A-deoxy-6A-acetamino-β-cyclodextrin | 117194-79-3 | C44H73NO35 | 1176.05 |
—— | 6I-Deoxy-6I-(3-methylthioureido)cyclomaltoheptaose | —— | C44H74N2O34S | 1207.13 |
6-乙酰氨基-β-环糊精 | 6A-deoxy-6A-propenamido-β-cyclodextrin | 131991-70-3 | C45H73NO35 | 1188.06 |
—— | 6-monodeoxy-6-amidoglutaryl-β-cyclodextrin | 138141-87-4 | C47H77NO37 | 1248.11 |
—— | methyl 8-oxo-8-[[(1S,3R,5R,6S,8R,10R,11S,13R,15R,16S,18R,20R,21S,23R,25R,26S,28R,30R,31S,33R,35R,36R,37R,38R,39R,40R,41R,42R,43R,44R,45R,46R,47R,48R,49R)-36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49-tetradecahydroxy-10,15,20,25,30,35-hexakis(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,7,9,12,14,17,19,22,24,27,29,32,34-tetradecaoxaoctacyclo[31.2.2.23,6.28,11.213,16.218,21.223,26.228,31]nonatetracontan-5-yl]methylamino]octanoate | 1434613-10-1 | C51H85NO37 | 1304.22 |
—— | mono[6-deoxy-6-(pentacosa-10,12-diynyl amidomethyl)]-β-cyclodextrin | 1609153-38-9 | C67H111NO35 | 1490.6 |
—— | 1-(diaminomethylidene)-2-[[(1S,3R,5R,6S,8R,10R,11S,13R,15R,16S,18R,20R,21S,23R,25R,26S,28R,30R,31S,33R,35R,36R,37R,38R,39R,40R,41R,42R,43R,44R,45R,46R,47R,48R,49R)-36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49-tetradecahydroxy-10,15,20,25,30,35-hexakis(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,7,9,12,14,17,19,22,24,27,29,32,34-tetradecaoxaoctacyclo[31.2.2.23,6.28,11.213,16.218,21.223,26.228,31]nonatetracontan-5-yl]methyl]guanidine | 1584978-73-3 | C44H75N5O34 | 1218.09 |
—— | 2-[[(1S,3R,5R,6S,8R,10R,11S,13R,15R,16S,18R,20R,21S,23R,25R,26S,28R,30R,31S,33R,35R,36R,37R,38R,39R,40R,41R,42R,43R,44R,45R,46R,47R,48R,49R)-36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49-tetradecahydroxy-10,15,20,25,30,35-hexakis(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,7,9,12,14,17,19,22,24,27,29,32,34-tetradecaoxaoctacyclo[31.2.2.23,6.28,11.213,16.218,21.223,26.228,31]nonatetracontan-5-yl]methylcarbamoyloxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate | 1352186-95-8 | C49H79NO38 | 1290.15 |
—— | 6-mono(2-hydroxyl-2-phenyl)ethylamino-6-monodeoxy-β-CD | 1352642-67-1 | C50H79NO35 | 1254.16 |
—— | 6A,6'A-(ethane-1,2-diylbis{[(carboxylmethyl)imino]-1-oxoethane-2,1-diylimino})bis[6A-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin] | 432023-87-5 | C94H154N4O74 | 2524.24 |
—— | 2,6-bis(6-monoamino-β-cyclodextrinmethyl)pyridine | 1238398-19-0 | C91H147N3O68 | 2371.15 |
—— | mono-6-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranosylhexyl)amido-6-deoxy-cycloheptaamylose | —— | C56H94N2O41 | 1451.35 |
—— | 6-deoxy-6-(pyrene-1-carboxamido)-β-cyclodextrin | —— | C59H79NO35 | 1362.26 |
—— | 6-(5-cyanonaphthyl-1-carboamido)-6-deoxy-β-cyclodextrin | 889109-92-6 | C54H76N2O35 | 1313.19 |
—— | 3-phenoxy-4-[[(1S,3R,5R,6S,8R,10R,11S,13R,15R,16S,18R,20R,21S,23R,25R,26S,28R,30R,31S,33R,35R,36R,37R,38R,39R,40R,41R,42R,43R,44R,45R,46R,47R,48R,49R)-36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49-tetradecahydroxy-10,15,20,25,30,35-hexakis(hydroxymethyl)-2,4,7,9,12,14,17,19,22,24,27,29,32,34-tetradecaoxaoctacyclo[31.2.2.23,6.28,11.213,16.218,21.223,26.228,31]nonatetracontan-5-yl]methylamino]cyclobut-3-ene-1,2-dione | 1338582-74-3 | C52H75NO37 | 1306.15 |
Novel molecules, composed of a β-cyclodextrin coupled via a succinic diamide linker to di-n-octyl-calix[4]arene monocrown-6 or to biscrown-6-calix[4]arene, were synthesized by two independent routes: from mono-6′-deoxy-6′-amino-β-cyclodextrin, and from tetraaminocalix[4]arene derivatives. Key words: β-cyclodextrincalix[4]arene coupling, aminosuccinate-β-CD, aminosuccinate-calix[4]arene, octyloxy-calix[4]arenemonocrown-6, calix[4]arenebiscrown-6.