Stereoselective addition of (triphenylsilyl)magnesium bromide to chiral 1-acyl-4-methoxypyridinium salts. Synthesis and reactions of enantiopure 1-acyl-2-(triphenylsilyl)-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones
Total Synthesis of (−)-Epibatidine Using an Asymmetric Diels−Alder Reaction with a Chiral N-Acylnitroso Dienophile
摘要:
An asymmetric total synthesis of(-)-epibatidine (1), isolated from the skin of the Ecuadorian poison frog, Epipedobates tricolor, of the family Dendrobatidae, has been achieved by virtue of the development of asymmetric hetero Diels-Alder (D-A) cycloaddition with an N-acylnitroso dienophile bearing the optically active 8-arylmenthol as a chiral source. Thus, in situ oxidation of the hydroxamic acid ent-laf incorporating the (1S,2R,5S)-8-(2-naphthyl)menthyl auxiliary was performed using the Swern conditions to produce the acylnitroso dienophile, which reacted at once with 2-chloro-5-(1,5-cyclohexadienyl)pyridine (7) to provide the (1S,4R)-meta-aza cycloadduct 24 as a major diastereoisomer. The observed facial diastereoselectivity is consistent with a transition-state model with the naphthyl group in "stacked" position and with the acylnitroso group in the s-cis conformation, wherein pi attractive interaction between the naphthyl and nitrosocarbonyl groups may contribute to facial control. Compound 24 underwent hydrogenation followed by removal of the chiral auxiliary with LiH2NBH3 and reductive cleavage of the N-O bond with Mo(CO)(6) to give the amino alcohol derivative 29, which was converted to (-)-epibatidine via bromination followed by cyclization.
Synthesis and Structure−Activity Relationships of a Novel Series of Tricyclic Dihydropyridine-Based KATP Openers That Potently Inhibit Bladder Contractions in Vitro
摘要:
Structure-activity relationships were investigated on a novel series of tricyclic dihydropyridine-containing K-ATP openers. This diverse group of analogues, comprising a variety of heterocyclic rings fused to the dihydropyridine nucleus, was designed to determine the influence on activity of hydrogen-bond-donating and -accepting groups and their stereochemical disposition. Compounds were evaluated for K-ATP activity in guinea pig bladder cells using a fluorescence-based membrane potential assay and in a pig bladder strip assay. The inhibition of spontaneous bladder contractions in vitro was also examined for a subset of compounds. All compounds studied showed greater potency to inhibit spontaneous bladder contractions relative to their potencies to inhibit contractions elicited by electrical stimulation.
Asymmetric methylation and phenylation of the chiral pyridinium salt 7, as well as methylation of chiral pyridinium salt 18, with Grignard reagents occurred in good yield and with good-to-excellent diastereoselectivities (Schemes 2 and 3, resp.). These results are best explained by assuming chelate control to govern the asymmetric alkylation/arylation process. The minimum-energy conformations of the
Asymmetric Synthesis of 2-Alkyl(Aryl)-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones by Addition of Grignard Reagents to Chiral 1-Acyl-4-methoxypyridinium Salts
作者:Daniel L. Comins、Sajan P. Joseph、R. Richard Goehring
DOI:10.1021/ja00090a019
日期:1994.6
Grignard addition to a chiral 1-acyl-4-methoxypyridinium salt provides synthetically useful 2-alkyl(aryl)-2,3-dihydro-4-pyridones in high diastereomeric excess
Compounds of the formula I:
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein m, n, R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, R
4
and R
5
are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of making the compounds and using the compounds for treatment of diseases associated with the P2X7 purinergic receptor.
Compounds of the formula I:
or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein m, n, R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, R
4
and R
5
are as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of making the compounds and using the compounds for treatment of diseases associated with the P2X7 purinergic receptor.
Pyrano, piperidino, and thiopyrano compounds and methods of use
申请人:Abbott Laboratories
公开号:US06642222B2
公开(公告)日:2003-11-04
The present invention provides novel compounds of formula I which may be useful in hyperpolarizing cell membranes, opening potassium channels, relaxing smooth muscle cells, and inhibiting bladder contractions.