Docetaxel has been associated with serum aminotransferase elevations in up to half of patients, but values greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) occur in less than 2%. Similar rates of alkaline phosphatase elevations and occasional mild bilirubin elevations also occur. The abnormalities are usually asymptomatic, mild and self-limited, rarely requiring dose modification or discontinuation. Despite the frequency of serum enzyme elevations during therapy, clinically apparent liver injury from docetaxel is rare. Nevertheless, individual case reports of severe acute hepatic necrosis attributed to docetaxel have been published, usually arising within a few days or weeks after a severe hypersensitivity reaction to the first or second infusion of docetaxel (Case 1). The typical case arises within days of the infusion of docetaxel and is associated with rapid, marked rises in serum aminotransferase levels with subsequent appearance of jaundice. With severe injury there is early hepatic and multiorgan failure with jaundice and progressive hepatic encephalopathy, coagulopathy, and ascites. Immunoallergic features (fever, rash, flushing) are common initially, but may be obscured by corticosteroid therapy. Liver biopsy generally reveals zone 3 (centrolobular) necrosis and variable degrees of inflammation and cholestasis. Because docetaxel is often given with other antineoplastic agents, liver injury arising during therapy cannot always be attributed reliably to docetaxel as opposed to another specific agent. Furthermore, docetaxel in combination with other antineoplastic agents may be associated with reactivation of hepatitis B, increased risk of opportunistic viral infections, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome and sepsis, any of which can cause liver test abnormalities or clinically apparent liver injury.
PROCESS FOR PREPARATION OF PACLITAXEL TRIHYDRATE AND DOCETAXEL TRIHYDRATE
申请人:——
公开号:US20040116720A1
公开(公告)日:2004-06-17
A process for the preparation of paclitaxel trihydrate and doctaxel trihydrate comprising (a) treating taxane selected from paclitaxel and docetaxel with a mixture of alkane and chlorinated alkane to obtain a crude product of 65-75% assay, (b) dissolving the crude product thus obtained in alkyl ketone followed by slow addition of an alkane to increase chromatographic purity, (c) dissolving the taxane of step (b) in an aliphatic nitrile at a temperature of 50-70° C., (d) adding purified water to the product of step (c) to precipitate taxane trihydrate; and (e) filtering and drying the product of step (d) to obtain taxane trihydrate of C.P. >99.5% and 98-102% assay.
PROLIPOSOMAL AND LIPOSOMAL COMPOSITIONS OF POORLY WATER SOLUBLE DRUGS
申请人:Khattar Dhiraj
公开号:US20090017105A1
公开(公告)日:2009-01-15
Concentrates or proliposomal compositions of poorly water-soluble drugs and compounds, comprising of one or more membrane forming lipids, a membrane stabilizing agent, in a suitable vehicle, and optionally containing a Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-coupled phospholipid or a mixture thereof and further, optionally containing pharmaceutically acceptable excipients such as antioxidants, buffering agents, acidifying agents etc. are provided, which have superior long term stability. The concentrates of proliposomal compositions instantly form liposomes of the said poorly water-soluble drugs and compounds on rapid injection to a diluting fluid, the liposomal composition so obtained, characterized by a physical stability more than 24 hours, ≧95% drug encapsulation and having a particle size diameter of less than 100 nm. The liposomal compositions so obtained can further be directly administered to patients in need of treatment of the poorly water-soluble drugs and compounds.
Process for preparation of paclitaxel trihydrate and docetaxel trihydrate
申请人:Sharma Arun Prakash
公开号:US06838569B2
公开(公告)日:2005-01-04
A process for converting paclitaxel or docetaxel to the respective trihydrate characterized by very high purity, comprises dissolving either paclitaxel or docetaxel in a mixture of alkane and chlorinated alkane to provide a crude product of 65-75% assay and dissolving the crude product in an alkyl ketone, followed by addition of an alkane to provide a product of increased chromatographic purity; dissolving the product of increased chromatographic purity in an aliphatic nitrile, with addition of water to precipitate taxane trihydrate.