AbstractForsythia suspensa tea is a popular traditional Chinese medicine decoction for its healthy and therapeutic benefits. However, its effects in bone metabolism were not clear. In recent study, we uncovered anti‐osteoclastogenesis property of Phillygenin (Phi), a compound abundant in Forsythia suspensa leaves, and aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of Phi on bone metabolism in vivo and in vitro. Lipopolysaccharides‐induced murine calvaria osteolysis and ovariectomy‐induced bone loss animal models were used to identify the bone‐protective effect of Phi in vivo and micro‐CT, pQCT, and TRAP staining were applied. We used CCK8, TUNEL, BrdU, and TRAP staining to evaluate the efficacy of Phi on the proliferation and formation of OCs in primary mBMMs. RNA sequence, activity‐based protein profiling, molecular docking, G‐LISA, and WB were used to inspect the target and underlying mechanism of Phi's actions in mBMMs. We found Phi significantly inhibited bone resorption in vivo and inhibited mBMMs osteoclastogenesis in vitro. Ras homolog gene family member A (RhoA) was identified as the direct target of Phi. It counteracted the effects of RhoA activator and acted as a RhoA inhibitor. By targeting RhoA, Phi modulated Rho‐associated coiled‐coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) activity and regulated its downstream NF‐κB/NFATc1/c‐fos pathway. Furthermore, Phi depressed the disassembling of F‐actin ring through cofilin and myosin1a. Our findings provided Phi as a potential option for treating bone loss diseases by targeting RhoA and highlighted the importance of F. suspensa as a preventive approach in bone disorders.
摘要 连翘茶是一种广受欢迎的传统中药煎剂,具有保健和治疗功效。然而,其对骨代谢的影响尚不明确。最近,我们发现了连翘叶中丰富的化合物--连翘素(Phi)具有抗破骨细胞生成的特性,并旨在研究连翘素在体内和体外对骨代谢的影响和机制。利用脂多糖诱导的小鼠小腿骨质溶解和卵巢切除诱导的骨质流失动物模型,应用显微 CT、pQCT 和 TRAP 染色鉴定 Phi 在体内的骨保护作用。我们使用 CCK8、TUNEL、BrdU 和 TRAP 染色来评估 Phi 对原发性 mBMMs 中 OCs 的增殖和形成的功效。我们还利用 RNA 序列、基于活性的蛋白质分析、分子对接、G-LISA 和 WB 来研究 Phi 在 mBMMs 中的作用靶点和内在机制。我们发现Phi能明显抑制体内骨吸收和体外mBMMs破骨细胞的生成。Ras同源基因家族成员A(RhoA)被确定为Phi的直接靶标。它抵消了 RhoA 激活剂的作用,成为 RhoA 抑制剂。通过靶向 RhoA,Phi 调节了 Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase 1 (ROCK1) 的活性,并调节了其下游的 NF-κB/NFATc1/c-fos 通路。此外,Phi 还能通过辅纤蛋白和肌球蛋白 1a 抑制 F-肌动蛋白环的分解。我们的研究结果提供了一种通过靶向 RhoA 治疗骨质流失疾病的潜在选择,并突出了悬钩子作为骨疾病预防方法的重要性。