二甲基二碳酸盐 | 4525-33-1

• 物质功能分类: 食品添加剂 - 防腐剂
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机酸及其衍生物 - 有机碳酸及其衍生物
• 中文名称: 二甲基二碳酸盐
• 中文别名: 焦碳酸二甲酯；二烷酸二甲酯；二碳酸二甲酯；DMDC
• 英文名称: dimethyl dicarbonate
• 英文别名: DMDC；dimethyl pyrocarbonate；methoxycarbonyl methyl carbonate；dicarbonic acid,dimethyl ester
• CAS: 4525-33-1
• 化学式: C₄H₆O₅
• mdl: MFCD00008419
• 分子量: 134.089
• InChiKey: GZDFHIJNHHMENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  15-17°C
• 沸点：
  45-46 °C5 mm Hg(lit.)
• 密度：
  1.25 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 闪点：
  80 °C
• 溶解度：
  35g/l（分解）
• LogP：
  0.082 (est)
• 物理描述：
  Liquid
• 颜色/状态：
  Clear, colorless liquid
• 蒸汽压力：
  1.46 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
• 自燃温度：
  Approximately 465 °C (869 °F)
• 分解：
  Hazardous decomposition products: By Fire and Thermal Decomposition: Methanol; Carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides (NOx), other potentially toxic fumes.
• 折光率：
  Index of refraction: 1.392 at 20 °C/D
• 稳定性/保质期：
  如果遵照规格使用和储存，则不会分解，未有已知危险发生。应避免与强氧化剂、强碱接触。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.7
• 重原子数：
  9
• 可旋转键数：
  4
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  61.8
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  5

ADMET

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

立即急救：确保已经进行了充分的中毒物清洗。如果患者停止呼吸，开始人工呼吸，最好使用需求阀复苏器、袋阀面罩装置或口袋面罩，按训练操作。根据需要执行心肺复苏。立即用缓慢流动的水冲洗受污染的眼睛。不要催吐。如果患者呕吐，让患者向前倾或置于左侧卧位（如果可能的话，头部向下）以保持呼吸道畅通，防止误吸。保持患者安静，维持正常体温。寻求医疗帮助。/酯类及相关化合物/

Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Esters and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

基本治疗：建立专利气道（如有需要，使用口咽或鼻咽气道）。必要时进行吸痰。观察呼吸不足的迹象，并在必要时辅助通气。通过非循环呼吸面罩以10至15升/分钟的速度给予氧气。提供低刺激的环境。监测休克并视必要进行治疗……预见癫痫发作并视必要进行治疗……。对于眼睛污染，立即用水冲洗眼睛。在运输过程中，用0.9%的生理盐水（NS）连续冲洗每只眼睛……。不要使用催吐剂。对于摄入，如果患者能吞咽，有强烈的呕吐反射，且不流口水，则用水冲洗口腔并给予5毫升/千克，最多200毫升的水进行稀释……。通过快速复温治疗冻伤……。/酯类及相关化合物/

Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Provide a low-stimulus environment. Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Treat frostbite by rapid rewarming ... . /Esters and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 解毒与急救

高级治疗：对于昏迷、严重肺水肿或严重呼吸困难的病人，考虑进行口咽或鼻咽气管插管以控制气道。使用气囊面罩装置的正压通气技术可能有益。考虑使用药物治疗肺水肿……监测心率和必要时治疗心律失常……开始静脉输注D5W/SRP：“保持开放”，最低流速/。如果出现低血容量的迹象，使用0.9%生理盐水（NS）或乳酸钠林格氏液（LR）。对于伴有低血容量迹象的低血压，谨慎给予液体。如果病人在正常血容量时仍低血压，考虑使用血管加压药。注意液体过载的迹象……使用丙美卡因氢氯化物协助眼部冲洗……/酯类和相关化合物/。

Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Esters and related compounds/

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

实验室动物：急性暴露/ 将二甲二碳酸酯（DMDC）引入兔子的结膜囊中引起了相当大的刺激。7天后角膜仍然完全混浊。

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ Introduction of dimethyldicarbonate (DMDC) into the conjunctival sac of rabbits caused considerable irritation. The cornea was still entirely cloudy after 7 days.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

毒理性

• 非人类毒性摘录

实验室动物：急性暴露/研究了二甲基二碳酸酯（DMDC）对6只新西兰白兔（雌雄各半）皮肤的刺激性影响，体重为3-4公斤。大约0.5毫升的该物质被涂抹在每只动物的剃毛皮肤上。暴露时间为30分钟或4小时。在暴露期结束时，清洗并干燥皮肤区域。在暴露开始后的24小时、48小时、72小时以及7天记录皮肤变化。在30分钟和4小时的暴露后，观察到鳞状物形成和坏死超出涂抹区域。在7天的随访观察期内，皮肤反应不可逆转。因此，DMDC被证明对兔皮肤具有高度刺激性和腐蚀性。

/LABORATORY ANIMALS: Acute Exposure/ The skin-irritant effects of dimethyldicarbonate (DMDC) were investigated in 6 white New Zealand rabbits of both sexes with body weights of 3-4 kg. Approximately 0.5 mL of the substance were applied to the shaved skin of every animal. Exposure times were 30 min or 4 hr. At the end of the exposure period, skin areas were washed and dried. Skin changes were recorded at 24, 48, and 72 hr, as well as 7 days after the start of the exposure. After an exposure for both 30 min and 4 hr, scale formation and necroses passing beyond the application area were observed. The skin reactions were not reversible within the 7 day follow-up observation period. Consequently, DMDC proved to be highly irritant and corrosive to rabbit skin.

来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

• 危险等级：
  6.1(a)
• 危险品标志：
  T
• 安全说明：
  S18,S26,S28,S36/37/39,S38,S45
• 危险类别码：
  R21/22
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  2920909090
• 危险品运输编号：
  UN 2927 6.1/PG 2
• 危险类别：
  6.1(a)
• 包装等级：
  II
• 危险标志：
  GHS05,GHS06
• 危险性描述：
  H302 + H312,H314,H330
• 危险性防范说明：
  P260,P280,P284,P305 + P351 + P338,P310
• 储存条件：
  请将药品存放在密闭、阴凉干燥的地方，并保持良好通风。

SDS

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Section 1. Chemical Product and Company Identification
Dimethyl Dicarbonate
Common Name/
Trade Name
Manufacturer
Commercial Name(s)
Synonym
Chemical Name
Chemical Family
Dimethyl Dicarbonate

---

Section 4. First Aid Measures
Eye Contact Check for and remove any contact lenses. In case of contact, immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes. Get medical attention.
Skin Contact In case of contact, immediately flush skin with plenty of water. Cover the irritated skin with an emollient. Remove
contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse. Get
medical attention.
Serious Skin Contact Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate
medical attention.
Inhalation If inhaled, remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get
medical attention immediately.
Serious Inhalation Not available.
Ingestion Do NOT induce vomiting unless directed to do so by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. If large quantities of this material are swallowed, call a physician immediately. Loosen tight
clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
Serious Ingestion Not available.

---

Section 5. Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product Combustible.
Auto-Ignition Temperature Not available.
Flash Points CLOSED CUP: 80°C (176°F).
Flammable Limits Not available.
Products of Combustion These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).
Fire Hazards in Presence of Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat.
Various Substances Non-flammable in presence of shocks.
Explosion Hazards in Presence Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available.
of Various Substances Risks of explosion of the product in presence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder.
and Instructions LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
Special Remarks on Not available.
Fire Hazards
Special Remarks on Explosion Not available.
Hazards

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Section 6. Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal.
Large Spill Combustible material.
Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. If the product is in its solid
form: Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. If the product is in its liquid
form: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal. Finish cleaning
by spreading water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate through the sanitary system.
Dimethyl Dicarbonate

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Section 7. Handling and Storage
Precautions Keep locked up.. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing
material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapor/spray. Wear suitable protective clothing. In case of
insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. If ingested, seek medical advice immediately and
show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Keep away from incompatibles such as
oxidizing agents, alkalis.
Storage Air sensitive. Moisture sensitive Keep container in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep container tightly closed and
sealed until ready for use. Avoid all possible sources of ignition (spark or flame). Refrigerate. Do not store above
4°C (39.2°F).

---

Section 8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their
respective threshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the
work-station location.
Personal Protection Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.
Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be
a Large Spill used to avoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist
BEFORE handling this product.
Exposure Limits Not available.

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Section 9. Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance Liquid. Odor Not available.
Taste Not available.
Not available.
Molecular Weight
Color Colorless.
pH (1% soln/water) Not available.
45.5°C (113.9°F)
Boiling Point
Melting Point 16°C (60.8°F)
Not available.
Critical Temperature
Specific Gravity 1.254 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure Not available.
Vapor Density Not available.
Volatility Not available.
Odor Threshold Not available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff. Not available.
Not available.
Ionicity (in Water)
Dispersion Properties Not available.
Solubility Not available.
Dimethyl Dicarbonate

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Section 10. Stability and Reactivity Data
The product is stable.
Stability
Instability Temperature Not available.
Heat, ignition sources (sparks, flames), air, moisture, incompatible materials
Conditions of Instability
Reactive with oxidizing agents, alkalis.
Incompatibility with various
substances
Corrosivity Not available.
Special Remarks on Air sensitive. Moisture sensitive
Reactivity
Special Remarks on Not available.
Corrosivity
Polymerization Will not occur.

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Section 11. Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry Absorbed through skin. Eye contact. Inhalation.
Toxicity to Animals Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 260 mg/kg [Rat].
Chronic Effects on Humans Not available.
Other Toxic Effects on Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Humans
Special Remarks on Not available.
Toxicity to Animals
Special Remarks on Not available.
Chronic Effects on Humans
Special Remarks on other Acute Potential Health Effects:
Toxic Effects on Humans Skin: Causes skin irritation.
Eyes: Exposure to vapor or mist will cause eye irritation.
Inhalation: Inhalationi of vapor or mist may be irritating to mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May
affect behavior/central nervous system. Symptoms may include somnolence, tremor. May also affect respiratory
system (dyspnea), and metabolism
Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal tract irritation.
The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.

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Section 12. Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity Not available.
BOD5 and COD Not available.
Products of Biodegradation Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may
arise.
Toxicity of the Products The products of degradation are less toxic than the product itself.
of Biodegradation
Special Remarks on the Not available.
Products of Biodegradation
Dimethyl Dicarbonate

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Section 13. Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal Waste must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state and local environmental
control regulations.

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Section 14. Transport Information
DOT Classification Not a DOT controlled material (United States).
Not applicable.
Identification
Not applicable.
Special Provisions for
Transport
DOT (Pictograms)

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Section 15. Other Regulatory Information and Pictograms
TSCA 8(b) inventory: Dimethyl Dicarbonate
Federal and State
Regulations
California
Proposition 65
Warnings
Other Regulations OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
EINECS: This product is on the European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.
WHMIS (Canada) Not controlled under WHMIS (Canada).
Other Classifications
DSCL (EEC) R22- Harmful if swallowed. S1/2- Keep locked up and out of the reach of
R23- Toxic by inhalation. children.
R36/38- Irritating to eyes and skin. S45- In case of accident or if you feel unwell,
seek medical advice immediately (show the
label where possible).
S46- If swallowed, seek medical advice
immediately and show this container or label.
Health Hazard
HMIS (U.S.A.) 2 National Fire Protection
2 Flammability
2 Association (U.S.A.)
Fire Hazard
2 0 Reactivity
Health
Reactivity
0
Specific hazard
Personal Protection
h
WHMIS (Canada)
(Pictograms)
DSCL (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Dimethyl Dicarbonate
TDG (Canada)
(Pictograms)
ADR (Europe)
(Pictograms)
Protective Equipment
Gloves.
Lab coat.
Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an
approved/certified respirator or
equivalent.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

二甲基二碳酸盐（DMDC）简介

二甲基二碳酸盐（Dimethyl dicarbonate，DMDC），又称维果灵，是我国食品添加剂使用标准中允许用于果汁饮料的防腐剂（INS号242）。在常温乃至低温条件下，DMDC 对果汁饮料中的多种污染菌具有较强的杀灭能力。其防腐作用主要与微生物体内的关键酶蛋白被 DMDC 修饰失活有关。与其他物理杀菌技术相比，使用 DMDC 成本较低、操作简便且安全，不影响产品的口味、气味和色泽，已经成为新兴非热杀菌技术研究的热点之一。

应用

DMDC 在果汁中的应用广泛且技术成熟。其在果汁中的杀菌效果受果汁种类及菌种等因素的影响，并可与其它杀菌技术联合使用以提高杀菌效率。

作用机理

DMDC 可透过细胞膜，与微生物体内的酶相互作用，阻断代谢过程从而达到杀菌效果。即使在较低的浓度下，DMDC 也能有效杀灭饮料中的典型腐败菌，同时不影响饮料口感、风味和色泽。此外，DMDC 可迅速完全水解为微量二氧化碳和甲醇，在果汁中这是天然存在的成分。

用途

二甲基二碳酸盐可应用于碳酸饮料、含气或不含气的果汁饮料、茶饮料、等压饮料以及其他多种饮料中。在欧洲、美国和其他一些国家，二甲基二碳酸盐被广泛批准用于各种饮料中。世界卫生组织的食品添加剂联合专家委员会、欧洲食品安全局和美国食品药品监督管理局等权威机构都发布了文件证明其应用的安全性。

应用领域

DMDC 适用于以下类型饮料的冷杀菌：果味饮料、高能饮料（含或不含二氧化碳）、茶类饮料（含或不含二氧化碳）以及含果汁饮料（含或不含二氧化碳，果汁含量至100%）。

含量分析

• 准确称取约2g试样于250ml烧杯中，加入100ml丙酮溶解。
• 用移液管加入1mol/L二正丁胺25ml。静置5分钟后，使用1mol/L盐酸滴定并用电势计确定终点。同时进行空白滴定并作必要的校正。
• 所取试样中二磷酸二甲酯的酸含量计算公式为：[100(B—A) \times 0.134 / W]，其中 B 和 A 分别为空白样和试样滴定时所耗盐酸的体积（ml），0.134 为二碳酸二甲酯的毫摩尔质量，W 为试样的质量（mg）。

毒性

DMDC 对眼和皮肤有腐蚀作用，直接吸入或咽入有毒。在 GMP 条件下可用作饮料冷杀菌剂，最高浓度为250mg/L；FAO/WHO, 2001。

使用限量

• FDA §172.133, 2000：葡萄酒、无醇或低醇葡萄酒中DMDC的使用量不得超过200mg/kg。

化学性质

• 澄明无色液体，具有水果及酯类香气，在高浓度时略带刺激味。
• 在水中的溶解度为35g/L（20℃），随温度升高而分解。熔点约为17℃，闪点85℃。与一定量的水反应后产生二氧化碳和甲醇。
• 吸入体内有毒。

用途

DMDC 可作为酵母抑制剂及防腐剂使用。

类别

• 有毒物品
• 毒性分级：高毒
• 急性毒性：
  • 大鼠经口 LD50: 260毫克/公斤；
  • 小鼠经口 LD50: 589毫克/公斤
• 可燃性危险特性：可燃；受热分解产生有毒、辛辣刺激气体

储运特性

库房应通风干燥，并与食品原料分开储运。

灭火剂

水、砂土、干粉、泡沫

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  二甲基二碳酸盐 在 乙醇 、 氨 作用下， 生成 氨基甲酸甲酯
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Kowalenko, Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 1952, vol. 22, p. 1546,1548;engl.Ausg.S.1587,1588

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  氯甲酸甲酯 在 三月桂胺 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 以 水 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 1.17h， 以85%的产率得到二甲基二碳酸盐
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Process For Preparing Dialkyl Dicarbonates

  摘要：

  通过将相应的烷基卤代甲酸酯与碱金属氢氧化物、碱土金属氢氧化物和/或碳酸盐在不溶于水的有机溶剂存在下反应，并在催化剂存在下制备二烷基二碳酸酯的新型方法，其特点在于所使用的催化剂至少是一种具有以下结构的三级烷基胺(I)NR1R2R3(I)，其中取代基如描述中所定义。

  公开号：

  US20070213552A1
• 作为试剂：
  描述：

  2-[4-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-2-oxochromen-7-yl]oxypropanoic acid 在 四(三苯基膦)钯 、 水 、 sodium hydroxide 、 二甲基二碳酸盐 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 1,4-二氧六环 为溶剂， 生成
  参考文献：
  名称：

  苯并吡喃酮类化合物、其制备方法及其应用

  摘要：

  本发明提供了一种式(I)所示的苯并吡喃酮类化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、制备方法和用途。该类化合物对POLRMT具有良好抑制作用，可用于治疗和/或预防由POLRMT介导的癌症等疾病。

  公开号：

  WO2024114765A1

文献信息

• [EN] THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISORDERS CAUSED BY IGE<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE THIOPHÈNE POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE TROUBLES PROVOQUÉS PAR IGE
  申请人：UCB BIOPHARMA SRL

  公开号：WO2019243550A1

  公开（公告）日：2019-12-26

  Thiophene derivatives of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. These compounds have utility for the treatment or prevention of disorders caused by IgE, such as allergy, type 1 hypersensitivity or familiar sinus inflammation.

  提供了公式（I）的噻吩衍生物及其药用可接受的盐。这些化合物对于治疗或预防由IgE引起的疾病具有用途，如过敏、1型超敏反应或家族性鼻窦炎。
• NEW HSL INHIBITORS USEFUL IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES
  申请人：Ackermann Jean

  公开号：US20110065707A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-03-17

  The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein A 1 , A 2 , R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 have the significance given herein.

  本发明涉及式(I)的化合物以及其药学上可接受的盐，其中A1、A2、R1、R2、R3、R4、R5和R6具有本文中给出的含义。
• [EN] HSL INHIBITORS USEFUL IN THE TREATMENT OF DIABETES<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE HSL UTILES DANS LE TRAITEMENT DU DIABÈTE
  申请人：HOFFMANN LA ROCHE

  公开号：WO2011029808A1

  公开（公告）日：2011-03-17

  Compounds of formula (I), as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof can be used in the form of pharmaceutical compositions, wherein A1, A2, R1,R2 R3,R4 R5 and R6 have the significance given in claim 1. Objects of the present invention are the compounds of formula (I) and their aforementioned salts and esters and their use as therapeutically active substances, a process for the manufacture of the said compounds, intermediates, pharmaceutical compositions, medicaments containing the said compounds, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts or esters, the use of the said compounds, salts or esters for the treatment or prophylaxis of illnesses, especially in the treatment or prophylaxis of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis or obesity and the use of the said compounds, salts or esters for the production of medicaments for the treatment or prophylaxis of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis or obesity.

  化合物的化学式（I），以及其药学上可接受的盐可以用作药物组合物的形式，其中A1，A2，R1，R2，R3，R4，R5和R6具有权利要求1中给定的含义。本发明的目的是化学式（I）的化合物及其上述的盐和酯，以及它们作为治疗活性物质的用途，制造所述化合物的方法，中间体，含有所述化合物的药物组合物，含有所述化合物、其药学上可接受的盐或酯的药物，所述化合物、盐或酯的用途用于治疗或预防疾病，特别是用于治疗或预防糖尿病、代谢综合征、血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化或肥胖症，以及所述化合物、盐或酯的用途用于生产用于治疗或预防糖尿病、代谢综合征、血脂异常、动脉粥样硬化或肥胖症的药物。
• [EN] HEPATITIS C VIRUS INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DU VIRUS DE L'HÉPATITE C
  申请人：BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO

  公开号：WO2010138488A1

  公开（公告）日：2010-12-02

  This disclosure concerns novel compounds of Formula (I) as defined in the specification and compositions comprising such novel compounds. These compounds are useful antiviral agents, especially in inhibiting the function of the NS5A protein encoded by Hepatitis C virus (HCV). Thus, the disclosure also concerns a method of treating HCV related diseases or conditions by use of these novel compounds or a composition comprising such novel compounds.

  本公开涉及规范中定义的Formula (I)的新化合物以及包含这些新化合物的组合物。这些化合物是有用的抗病毒剂，特别是在抑制由丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）编码的NS5A蛋白的功能方面。因此，本公开还涉及通过使用这些新化合物或包含这些新化合物的组合物来治疗HCV相关疾病或症状的方法。
• N-(5-MEMBERED AROMATIC RING)-AMIDO ANTI-VIRAL COMPOUNDS
  申请人：Schmitz Ulrich Franz

  公开号：US20070265265A1

  公开（公告）日：2007-11-15

  Disclosed are compounds having Formula (I) and the compositions and methods thereof for treating or preventing a viral infection mediated at least in part by a virus in the Flaviviridae family of viruses, wherein A, R 2 , m, R, V, W, T, Z, R 1 , Y, and p are disclosed herein.

  揭示了具有Formula (I)的化合物，以及用于治疗或预防由Flaviviridae病毒家族中的病毒至少部分介导的病毒感染的组合物和方法，其中A、R2、m、R、V、W、T、Z、R1、Y和p在此处被揭示。