The compounds 3-ethoxy- (2), 3-butoxy- (3), 3-hexyloxy- (4), 3-octyloxy- (5), 3-decyloxy- (6) and 3-dodecyloxyjatrorrhizine chlorides (7) were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial activity in vitro to evaluate structure-activity relationships. Substitution of the H with alkyl groups at C-3-OH led to significant changes in the antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial activity of the substituted derivatives was 32 - 1000 times higher than that of jatorrhizine (1), which increased as the aliphatic chain was elongated and then decreased slightly when the alkyl chain exceeded eight carbon atoms. 3-Octyloxyjatrorrhizine (5) displayed the highest antimicrobial activity of all compounds. The LD50 values of compounds 1 - 7 were more than 6000 mg/kg body weight, showing a low toxicity. The toxicities of compounds 2 - 7 were slightly lower than that of (1).
合成了 3-乙氧基-(2)、3-丁氧基-(3)、3-己氧基-(4)、3-辛氧基-(5)、3-癸氧基-(6)和 3-十二氧基
药根碱氯化物(7),并对其抗菌活性进行了体外测试,以评估其结构-活性关系。在 C-3-OH 处用烷基取代 H 会导致抗菌活性发生显著变化。取代衍
生物的抗菌活性是香根碱(1)的 32 - 1000 倍,随着脂肪链的拉长,其抗菌活性有所提高,而当烷基链超过 8 个碳原子时,其抗菌活性略有下降。在所有化合物中,3-辛氧基
药根碱(5)的抗菌活性最高。化合物 1 - 7 的半数致死剂量超过 6000 毫克/千克体重,毒性较低。化合物 2 - 7 的毒性略低于(1)。