化学性质
暗红色针状结晶,熔点为201℃。它易溶于乙醇和丙酮,并可溶解于盐酸溶液中,但难溶于水。
用途
4-硝基邻苯二胺主要用于合成药物、颜料及染料等。此外,它还用于合成α-酮酸并作为检测硒的试剂。
生产方法
将23.8克2,4-二硝基苯胺与240毫升95%乙醇和120毫升浓氨水混合,在45℃下加热,并在搅拌状态下通入硫化氢气体,维持温度于45-55℃进行反应。反应完成后,冷却溶液,析出4-硝基邻苯二胺晶体。过滤得到粗品后,将其溶解于盐酸中,加入活性炭脱色并趁热过滤。滤液用浓氨水中和,再次过滤、用水清洗,并干燥以获得成品4-硝基邻苯二胺,收率为52-58%。
类别
有毒物品
毒性分级
中毒
急性毒性
大鼠口服 LD50: 681毫克/公斤;小鼠口服 LD50: 681毫克/公斤
可燃性危险特性
易燃,并在燃烧时产生有毒氮氧化物烟雾
储运特性
应存放在通风良好、低温干燥的库房中
灭火剂
使用干粉、泡沫、砂土、二氧化碳或雾状水进行灭火
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 2,5-dinitroaniline | 619-18-1 | C6H5N3O4 | 183.123 |
2,4-二硝基苯胺 | 2,4-Dinitroanilin | 97-02-9 | C6H5N3O4 | 183.123 |
—— | 2,4-dinitrophenylhydroxylamine | 51348-06-2 | C6H5N3O5 | 199.123 |
4-硝基苯胺 | 4-nitro-aniline | 100-01-6 | C6H6N2O2 | 138.126 |
—— | N-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-O-methylhydroxylamine | 24914-58-7 | C7H7N3O5 | 213.15 |
2-氯-5-硝基苯胺 | 2-chloro-5-nitroaniline | 6283-25-6 | C6H5ClN2O2 | 172.571 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 2,5-dinitroaniline | 619-18-1 | C6H5N3O4 | 183.123 |
2,4-二硝基苯胺 | 2,4-Dinitroanilin | 97-02-9 | C6H5N3O4 | 183.123 |
N1-甲基-4-硝基苯-1,2-二胺 | N1-methyl-4-nitrobenzene-1,2-diamine | 41939-61-1 | C7H9N3O2 | 167.167 |
N2-甲基-4-硝基-1,2-苯二胺 | N2-methyl-4-nitrobenzene-1,2-diamine | 95576-84-4 | C7H9N3O2 | 167.167 |
—— | N-acetyl-2-amino-5-nitroaniline | 43154-39-8 | C8H9N3O3 | 195.178 |
N~1~-苄基-4-硝基-1,2-苯二胺 | N1-benzyl-4-nitrobenzene-1,2-diamine | 66108-86-9 | C13H13N3O2 | 243.265 |
—— | 2'-Amino-4'-nitromethanesulfonanilide | 52960-27-7 | C7H9N3O4S | 231.232 |
2-氨基-4-硝基苯酚 | 2-hydroxy-5-nitroaniline | 99-57-0 | C6H6N2O3 | 154.125 |
—— | 5-nitro-N-benzylidene-1,2-phenylenediamine | 167558-65-8 | C13H11N3O2 | 241.249 |
—— | N1-benzyl-5-nitrobenzene-1,2-diamine | 27978-93-4 | C13H13N3O2 | 243.265 |
—— | N-(2-amino-5-nitrophenyl)propionamide | 88374-33-8 | C9H11N3O3 | 209.205 |
—— | N,N'-(4-nitro-1,2-phenylene)bis[acetamide] | 30152-85-3 | C10H11N3O4 | 237.215 |
N-(对硝基苯亚甲基)-2-氨基-5-硝基苯胺 | N-(p-nitrobenzylidene)-2-amino-5-nitroaniline | 106166-47-6 | C13H10N4O4 | 286.247 |
Nanosized perovskite-type SmFeO3 powder, prepared through the thermal decomposition of Sm[Fe(CN)6].4H2O with an average particle diameter of 28 nm and a specific surface area of 42 m2 g−1, was used as a recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for the efficient and selective reduction of aromatic nitro compounds into the corresponding amines by using propan-2-ol as a hydrogen donor (reducing agent) and KOH as a promoter under microwave irradiation. This highly regio- and chemoselective catalytic method is fast, clean, inexpensive, high yielding and also compatible with the substrates containing easily reducible functional groups. In addition, the nanosized SmFeO3 catalyst can be reused without loss of activity.