Phenols are subjected to oxidative metabolism leading to ortho- and para-hydroxylated products. These metabolites are then transformed into equimolar amounts of two conjugates, sulfates and glucuronides. /Phenols/
Metabolism in rabbits given a lethal dose of phenol (0.5 g/kg) resulted in: 47% oxidation to carbon dioxide and water plus traces of 1,4-dihydroxybenzene and ortho-dihydroxybenzene, 3% excreted in urine, 50% remaining in the carcass. Amounts were exhaled in air and excreted in the feces. Metabolism in rabbits given a sublethal dose of phenol (0.3 g/kg) resulted in: 23% oxidation to carbon dioxide and water plus traces of 1,4-dihydroxybenzene and ortho-dihydroxybenzene, 72% excreted in the urine, 4% remaining in the carcass, 1% excreted in the feces, and trace amounts exhaled in air. Urinary route resulted in either excretion as free phenol or as conjugate. Conjugation with sulfuric acid, glucuronic acid or other acids. /From table, Phenol/
In man, 90% of oral dose of phenol was excreted in 24 hr, mainly as phenylsulfate (77% of 24 hr excretion) & phenylglucuronide (16%), with very small amt of quinol sulfate & glucuronide. These metabolites were also excreted by rat, mouse, jerbon, gerbil, hamster, lemming & guinea pig. /Phenol/
Neurotoxin - Other CNS neurotoxin
Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.
Nephrotoxin - The chemical is potentially toxic to the kidneys in the occupational setting.
Methemoglobinemia - The presence of increased methemoglobin in the blood; the compound is classified as secondary toxic effect
Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.
Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand-valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR as necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Phenols and related compounds/
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Administer activated charcoal ... . Do not use emetics. Cover skin burns with dry, sterile dressings after decontamination ... . Maintain body temperature. /Phenols and related compounds/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive pressure ventilation techniques with a bag valve mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias if necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. Consider vasopressors if patient is hypotensive with a normal fluid volume. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. ... Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam. ... Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Phenols and related compounds/
... There is some suggestive evidence that a biologic monitoring method may be useful for detecting an excessive internal dose on an individual ... and/or on a group basis /for phenol/. Tentative max value in urine <20 mg/g creatinine, permissible value 300 mg/g creatinine. /From table/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
酚可以通过所有给药途径被吸收，即使涂抹在完好无损的皮肤上也能进入血液循环。
Phenol is absorbed by all routes of administration and can reach circulation even when applied to intact skin. /Phenol/
Renal excretion is principal route of elimination. In man 90% of non-toxic oral dose (0.01 mg/kg) of (14)C-labeled phenol was excreted in 24 hr, principally as sulfate (77% of the excreted label) and as glucuronide (16%), with small amounts of sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of ... hydroquinone. With larger doses, free (unmetabolized) phenol can presumably be found in urine. /Phenol/
Es wurde eine Reihe von Alkyl- andArylätherndesBenzilsäureestersvon basechen Alkoholen和einige andereEsteräthervon disubstituiertenGlykolsäurenhergestellt。死于患有痉挛性心脏病的妇女中的罪犯。
[EN] ARYL ETHER-BASE KINASE INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS DE KINASES DE TYPE ARYLÉTHER-BASE
申请人：BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO
公开号：WO2015038112A1
公开（公告）日：2015-03-19
The present disclosure is generally directed to compounds which can inhibit AAK1 (adaptor associated kinase 1), compositions comprising such compounds, and methods for inhibiting AAK1.
A tetrazolinone compound of formula (1):
wherein R
1
and R
2
each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc.;
R
3
represents a C1-C6 alkyl group, etc.; R
4
, R
5
, and R
6
each independently represents a hydrogen atom, etc.; A represents a C6-C16 aryl group optionally having one or more atoms or groups selected from Group P, etc.; Q represents the following group Q1, etc.; and
X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, has excellent control activity against pests.
Nucleophilic substitution of 4-bromomethyltriazolium with different nucleophiles
作者：Xingyu Xu、Linfeng Li、Zengyu Zhang、Xiaoyu Yan
DOI：10.1016/j.tet.2018.10.009
日期：2018.11
1,2,3-Triazolium salts draw much attentions in recent years. We developed a new synthetic method to heteroatom-functionalized triazoliums via nucleophilicsubstitution of 4-bromomethyltriazolium. This method afforded triazoliums with different S, N, and O heteroatom-substituents. Moreover, SN2′ reaction was observed with alcohols or hydroxides. In addition, debromination and debromomethylation reaction
近年来，1,2,3-三唑鎓盐备受关注。我们开发了一种新的合成方法，用于通过4-溴甲基三唑的亲核取代作用来杂原子官能化的三唑。该方法提供了具有不同S，N和O杂原子取代基的三唑鎓。此外，观察到与醇或氢氧化物的S N 2'反应。另外，在某些情况下发生脱溴和脱溴甲基化反应。
[EN] TETRAZOLINONE COMPOUNDS AND ITS USE AS PESTICIDES<br/>[FR] COMPOSÉS DE TÉTRAZOLINONE ET LEUR UTILISATION EN TANT QUE PESTICIDES
申请人：SUMITOMO CHEMICAL CO
公开号：WO2013162072A1
公开（公告）日：2013-10-31
The present invention provides a compound having an excellent efficacy for controlling pests. A tetrazolinone compound of a formula (1): [wherein R1 represents an C6-C16 aryl group, an C1-C12 alkyl group, or a C3-C12 cycloalkyl group, etc., which each optionally be substituted; R2, R3, R4 and R5 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an C1-C3 alkyl group, etc.; R6 represents an C1-C6 alkyl group, a C3-C6 cycloalkyl group, a halogen atom, a C1-C6 haloalkyl group, an C2-C6 alkenyl group, an C1-C6 alkoxy group, or a C1-C6 haloalkoxy group, etc.; R7, R8 and R9 represent independently of each other a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an C1-C4 alkyl group, etc.; X represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom; and R10 represents an C1-C6 alkyl group, etc.] shows an excellent controlling efficacy on pests.
Sodium Selenocarboxylates were found to react with organoarsanyl chlorides Ph3-nAsCln 1-3 (n = 1, 2, 3) to give the corresponding Se-organoarsanyl esters RCOSeAsPh2, (5), (RCOSe)2AsPh (6) and (RCOSe)3As (7) in good yields. The reaction of Se-diphenylarsanyl 4-methylbenzenecarboselenoate 5g with phenylselenenyl bromide and phenyltellurenyl iodide afforded the corresponding Se-phenylselenenyl 13 and Se-phenyltellurenyl esters 14 in moderate yields, while the reaction with sodium phenoxide gave sodium 4-methylbenzenecarboselenoate (4g), phenyl 4-methylbenzoate (11) and phenoxydiphenylarsine (12), indicating the attack of phenoxy anion to both the carbonyl carbon and arsenic atoms.
