Synthesis of 1-Deoxy-d-xylulose and 1-Deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate
摘要:
1-Deoxy-D-xylulose (4) and the corresponding 5-phosphate (5) are substrates for the first pathway-specific enzymes in the biosynthesis of thiamine diphosphate (vitamin B-1), pyridoxol phosphate (vitamin B-6), and the nonmevalonate family of isoprenoid compounds recently discovered in bacteria and plant chloroplasts. Both 4 and 5 were synthesized from commercially available (-)-2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-threitol (10). The protected tetraol was converted to (-)-3,4-O-isopropylidene-5-triisopropylsilyl-1-deoxy-D-xylulose (14) in four steps. Treatment of 14 with acetic acid gave 4 in an overall yield of 69%. The corresponding 5-phosphate was obtained by protection the carbonyl group in 14, removal of the triisopropylsilyl moiety, and treatment of the resulting alcohol with trimethyl phosphite/TeCl4, trimethylsilyl bromide, water, and HCl in successive steps to give 5 in 58% overall yield from 10.
Biosynthesis of Terpenoids: Efficient Multistep Biotransformation Procedures Affording Isotope-Labeled 2C-Methyl-d-erythritol 4-Phosphate Using Recombinant 2C-Methyl-d-erythritol 4-Phosphate Synthase
摘要:
This paper describes the recombinant expression of the ispC gene of Escherichia coli specifying 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate synthase in a modified form that can be purified efficiently by metal-chelating chromatography. The enzyme was used for the preparation of isotope-labeled 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate employing isotope-labeled glucose and pyruvate as starting materials. The simple one-pot methods described afford numerous isotopomers of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate carrying H-3, C-13, or C-14 from commercially available precursors. The overall yield based on the respective isotope-labeled starting material is approximately 50%.
Chemoselective and Highly Sensitive Quantification of Gut Microbiome and Human Metabolites
作者:Weifeng Lin、Louis P. Conway、Miroslav Vujasinovic、J.‐Matthias Löhr、Daniel Globisch
DOI:10.1002/anie.202107101
日期:2021.10.18
The microbiome has a fundamental impact on the human host's physiology through the production of highly reactive compounds that can lead to disease development. One class of such compounds are carbonyl-containing metabolites, which are involved in diverse biochemical processes. Mass spectrometry is the method of choice for analysis of metabolites but carbonyls are analytically challenging. Herein,
are required for investigations on the mevalonate-independent 2-C-methyl-d-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria and chloroplasts of phototrophic eukaryotes and for the biosynthesis of vitamins B1 (thiamine diphosphate) and B6 (pyridoxolphosphate) in bacteria.
Determination of the Activity of 1-Deoxy-d-Xylulose 5-Phosphate Synthase by Pre-column Derivatization-HPLC Using 1,2-Diamino-4,5-Methylenedioxybenzene as a Derivatizing Reagent
作者:Yan-Fei Liang、Hui Liu、Heng Li、Wen-Yun Gao
DOI:10.1007/s10930-019-09816-9
日期:2019.4.15
α-Ketoacids can be determined by HPLC through pre-column derivatization with 1,2-diamino-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene (DMB) as a derivatizing reagent. Using this method, the specific activity and the steady-state kinetic of 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) were measured. Firstly, DXS substrate pyruvate was derivatized with DMB in acidic solution; then the corresponding quinoxalinone was elucidated
作者:Francine Morris、Ryan Vierling、Lauren Boucher、Jürgen Bosch、Caren L. Freel Meyers
DOI:10.1002/cbic.201300187
日期:2013.7.22
Put a ring on it: Selective inhibition of DXP synthase is a challenge in developing anti‐infectives targeting isoprenoid biosynthesis. DXP synthase preferentially turns over sterically demanding aryl nitrososubstrates to form CN bonds, thus suggesting a new design for unnatural bisubstrate analogues as selectiveinhibitors of isoprenoid biosynthesis.
戴上戒指:选择性抑制 DXP 合酶是开发针对类异戊二烯生物合成的抗感染药物的挑战。DXP 合酶优先翻转空间要求高的芳基亚硝基底物以形成 C N 键,因此提出了一种新设计,将非天然双底物类似物用作类异戊二烯生物合成的选择性抑制剂。
Targeting DXP synthase in human pathogens: enzyme inhibition and antimicrobial activity of butylacetylphosphonate
作者:Jessica M Smith、Nicole V Warrington、Ryan J Vierling、Misty L Kuhn、Wayne F Anderson、Andrew T Koppisch、Caren L Freel Meyers
DOI:10.1038/ja.2013.105
日期:2014.1
The unique methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid biosynthesis is essential in most bacterial pathogens. The first enzyme in this pathway, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) synthase, catalyzes a distinct thiamin diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent reaction to form DXP from D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (D-GAP) and pyruvate and represents a potential anti-infective drug target. We have previously demonstrated that the unnatural bisubstrate analog, butylacetylphosphonate (BAP), exhibits selective inhibition of Escherichia coli DXP synthase over mammalian ThDP-dependent enzymes. Here, we report the selective inhibition by BAP against recombinant DXP synthase homologs from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Yersinia pestis and Salmonella enterica. We also demonstrate antimicrobial activity of BAP against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains (including E. coli, S. enterica and Bacillus anthracis), and several clinically isolated pathogens. Our results suggest a mechanism of action involving inhibition of DXP synthase and show that BAP acts synergistically with established antimicrobial agents, highlighting a potential strategy to combat emerging resistance in bacterial pathogens.