To determine the proangiogenesis effect of series of saccharides and a synthetic oligosaccharide and potential mechanisms, an in vitro 3-dimensional endothelial cell sprouting (3D-ECS) assay and the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model were used. We demonstrated that a sulfated oligosaccharide significantly promotes the endothelial capillary network initiated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF). Furthermore, although the capillary network initiated by VEGF and b-FGF lasts no more than 7 days, addition of a sulfated oligosaccharide significantly amplifies angiogenesis and stabilizes the capillary network of new blood vessels. In the CAM model, sulfated oligosaccharide also stimulated angiogenesis. In both the CAM and the 3D-ECS assay, structure-function studies reveal that increased saccharide chain length up to the hexa- to decasaccharide show optimal proangiogenesis efficacy. In addition, the sulfation and molecular shape (branched vs linear) of oligosaccharide are important for sustained proangiogenesis efficacy. Data indicate that chemically defined synthetic oligosaccharides can play an important role in regulation of capillary structure and stability, which may contribute to future advances in therapeutic angiogenesis. The proangiogenesis efficacy of an oligosaccharide is mediated via integrin αvβ3 and involves mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling mechanisms.
为了确定一系列
糖类和一种合成
寡糖的促血管生成作用及其潜在机制,我们采用了体外三维内皮细胞萌发(3D-
ECS)试验和小鸡绒毛膜(CAM)模型。我们证实,
硫酸化
寡糖能显著促进血管内皮生长因子(V
EGF)和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(b-FGF)启动的内皮毛细血管网络。此外,虽然由血管内皮生长因子和碱性成纤维细胞生长因子启动的毛细血管网持续时间不超过 7 天,但添加
硫酸化
寡糖可明显扩大血管生成并稳定新生血管的毛细血管网。在 CAM 模型中,
硫酸化
寡糖也能刺激血管生成。在 CAM 和 3D-
ECS 试验中,结构-功能研究显示,增加糖链长度至六糖至十糖,可显示最佳的促血管生成功效。此外,
寡糖的
硫酸化和分子形状(支链与线性)对持续的促血管生成功效也很重要。数据表明,
化学定义的合成
寡糖可在调节毛细血管结构和稳定性方面发挥重要作用,这可能有助于未来在治疗性血管生成方面取得进展。
寡糖的促血管生成功效通过整合素αvβ3介导,并涉及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号机制。