中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
小白菊 | Arglabin | 84692-91-1 | C15H18O3 | 246.306 |
(4aS,7S,9aS,9bR)-1,4A,7-三甲基-5,6,6A,7,9A,9B-六氢-3H-环氧乙烷并[8,8A]薁并[4,5-b]呋喃-8(4aH)-酮 | arborescin | 6831-14-7 | C15H20O3 | 248.322 |
A variety of natural compounds have been shown to modulate T cell receptor (TCR) activation, including natural sesquiterpene lactones (SLs). In the present studies, we evaluated the biological activity of 11 novel semi-synthetic SLs to determine their ability to modulate TCR activation. Of these compounds, α -epoxyarglabin, cytisinyl epoxyarglabin, 1 β ,10 α -epoxyargolide, and chloroacetate grosheimin inhibited anti-CD3-induced Ca2+ mobilization and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation in Jurkat T cells. We also found that the active SLs depleted intracellular glutathione (GSH) in Jurkat T cells, supporting their reactivity towards thiol groups. Because the zeta-chain associated tyrosine kinase 70 kDa (ZAP-70) is essential for TCR signaling and contains a tandem SH2 region that is highly enriched with multiple cysteines, we performed molecular docking of natural SLs and their semi-synthetic derivatives into the ZAP-70 binding site. The docking showed that the distance between the carbon atom of the exocyclic methylene group and the sulfur atom in Cys39 of the ZAP-70 tandem SH2 module was 3.04–5.3 Å for active compounds. Furthermore, the natural SLs and their derivatives could be differentiated by their ability to react with the Cys39 SH-group. We suggest that natural and/or semi-synthetic SLs with an α -methylene- γ -lactone moiety can specifically target GSH and the kinase site of ZAP-70 and inhibit the initial phases of TCR activation.