Biphenyl Pyridazinone Derivatives as Inhaled PDE4 Inhibitors: Structural Biology and Structure–Activity Relationships
摘要:
Cyclic nucleotide cAMP is a ubiquitous secondary messenger involved in a plethora of cellular responses to biological agents involving activation of adenylyl cyclase. Its intracellular levels are tightly controlled by a family of cyclic nucleotide degrading enzymes, the PDEs. In recent years, cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase type 4 (PDE4) has aroused scientific attention as a suitable target for anti-inflammatory therapy in respiratory diseases, particularly in the management of asthma and COPD. Here we describe our efforts to discover novel, highly potent inhaled inhibitors of PDE4. Through structure based design, with the inclusion of a variety of functional groups and physicochemical profiles in order to occupy the solvent filled pocket of the PDE4 enzyme, we modified the structure of our oral PDE4 inhibitors to reach compounds down to picomolar enzymatic potencies while at the same time tackling successfully an uncovered selectivity issue with the adenosine receptors. In vitro potencies were demonstrated in a rat lung neutrophilia model by administration of a suspension with a Penn-Century Micro Sprayer Aerosolizer.
Efficient Synthesis of Octahydrophenanthrene Derivatives with Mild Cascade Reactions of Isochromenylium Tetrafluoroborates and Bifunctional Styrenes
作者:Lei Mo、Lin-Lin Wu、Shaozhong Wang、Zhu-Jun Yao
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01532
日期:2015.7.2
air-stable isochromenylium tetrafluoroborates and bifunctional styrenes containing a 1,3-diketone moiety has been developed, affording the corresponding single diastereomeric ocatahydrophenanthrene derivatives (21 examples, up to 86% yield). A cascade process of [4 + 2]-cyclization and subsequent intramolecular nucleophilic addition is proposed to generate the three new C–C bonds diastereoselectively in
DMAP-Catalyzed Benzannulation of Ethyl Propiolate with β-Dicarbonyl Moieties
作者:Song Xue、Qing-Fa Zhou、Fei Yang、Qing-Xiang Guo
DOI:10.1055/s-2007-984904
日期:——
4-Dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP)-catalyzed benzannulation reaction of ethylpropiolate with β-dicarbonyl compounds at room temperature providing highly substituted benzenes is -described.
(3-oxo)pyridazin-4-ylurea derivatives as PDE4 inhibitors
申请人:Almirall, S.A.
公开号:EP2196465A1
公开(公告)日:2010-06-16
New (3-oxo)pyridazin-4-ylurea derivatives having the chemcial structure of formula (I) are disclosed; as well as process for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions comprising them and their use in therapy as inhibitors of the phosphodiesterase IV (PDE4).
A benzannulation reaction of β-diketones with dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate catalyzed by pyridine and potassium tert-butoxide is described. Fully substituted benzenes are synthesized from simple and commercially available starting materials under mild conditions in high yields. benzannulation - dimethylacetylenedicarboxylate - pyridine - β-diketones - potassium tert-butoxide
β-unsaturated acyl azolium species was efficiently trapped by 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds via a Michael addition/spiroannualtion cascade, delivering a series of synthetically important spirooxindole δ-lactones with up to 96% enantioselectivity.