AH2 、 维生素 K2(45) 生成 A 、 2-methyl-3-((all-E)-3,7,11,15,19,23,27,31,35-nonamethyl-hexatriaconta-2,10,14,18,22,26,30,34-octaenyl)-[1,4]naphthoquinone
参考文献:
名称:
Partial Saturation of Menaquinone in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Function and Essentiality of a Novel Reductase, MenJ
摘要:
Menaquinone (MK) with partially saturated isoprenyl moieties is found in a wide range of eubacteria and Archaea. In many Gram-positive organisms, including mycobacteria, it is the double bond found in the beta-isoprene unit that is reduced. Mass spectral characterization of menaquinone from mycobacterial knockout strains and heterologous expression hosts demonstrates that Rv0561c (designated menJ) encodes an enzyme which reduces the beta-isoprene unit of menaquinone in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, forming the predominant form of menaquinone found in mycobacteria. MenJ is highly conserved in mycobacteria species but is not required for growth in culture. Disruption of menJ reduces mycobacterial electron transport efficiency by 3-fold, but mycobacteria are able to maintain ATP levels by increasing the levels of the total menaquinone in the membrane; however, MenJ is required for M. tuberculosis survival in host macrophages. Thus, MK with partially hydrogenated isoprenyl moieties represents a novel virulence factor and MenJ is a contextually essential enzyme and a potential drug target in pathogenic mycobacteria and other Gram-positive pathogens.
Die Struktur einer Vitamin-K<sub>2</sub>-Verbindung aus Tuberkelbazillen und die Synthese höherer Isoprenologe der Vitamin-K<sub>2</sub>-Reihe
作者:H. Noll、R. Rüegg、U. Gloor、G. Ryser、O. Isler
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19600430155
日期:——
Vitamin K2(x) m.p. 58–59º, isolated by NOLL from M. tuberculosis, proved to be 2-methyl-3-solanesyl-1,4-naphthoquinone having a side-chain of 45 C-atoms. This vitamin K2(45) was synthesized from menadiol and solanesol. The next higher isoprenologue, vitamin K2(50) m.p. p. 62°, was obtained by lengthening solanesol by an isoprene unit followed by condensation with menadiol and oxidation.
Allylations of aryl/heteroaryl ketones: neat, clean, and sustainable. Applications to targets in the pharma- and nutraceutical industries
作者:Xiaohan Li、Alex B. Wood、Nicholas R. Lee、Fabrice Gallou、Bruce H. Lipshutz
DOI:10.1039/d2gc00776b
日期:——
Aromatic and heteroaromatic ketones bearing an α-methine proton can be deprotonated and mono-allylated in minutes in the complete absence of an organic solvent to arrive at the corresponding products in high isolated yields. Applications to synthetic targets including both MK-7 and MK-9, as well as coenzyme Q9 (CoQ9), utilizing this new technology are documented.
TREATMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES WITH VITAMIN K
申请人:Ampere Life Sciences, Inc.
公开号:EP2601168A1
公开(公告)日:2013-06-12
[EN] TREATMENT OF MITOCHONDRIAL DISEASES WITH VITAMIN K<br/>[FR] TRAITEMENT DE MALADIES MITOCHONDRIALES PAR LA VITAMINE K
申请人:AMPERE LIFE SCIENCES INC
公开号:WO2012019032A1
公开(公告)日:2012-02-09
Methods of treating, preventing or suppressing symptoms associated with mitochondrial diseases, such as Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA), Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON), dominant optic atrophy (DOA); mitochondrial myopathy, encephalopathy, lactacidosis, stroke (MELAS), Leigh syndrome or Kearns-Sayre Syndrome (KSS) with vitamin K are disclosed.