Design and discovery of flavonoid-based HIV-1 integrase inhibitors targeting both the active site and the interaction with LEDGF/p75
作者:Bo-Wen Li、Feng-Hua Zhang、Erik Serrao、Huan Chen、Tino W. Sanchez、Liu-Meng Yang、Nouri Neamati、Yong-Tang Zheng、Hui Wang、Ya-Qiu Long
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2014.04.016
日期:2014.6
HIV integrase (IN) is an essential enzyme for the viral replication. Currently, three IN inhibitors have been approved for treating HIV-1 infection. All three drugs selectively inhibit the strand transfer reaction by chelating a divalent metal ion in the enzyme active site. Flavonoids are a well-known class of natural products endowed with versatile biological activities. Their beta-ketoenol or catechol structures can serve as a metal chelation motif and be exploited for the design of novel IN inhibitors. Using the metal chelation as a common pharmacophore, we introduced appropriate hydrophobic moieties into the flavonol core to design natural product-based novel IN inhibitors. We developed selective and efficient syntheses to generate a series of mono 3/5/7/3'/4'-substituted flavonoid derivatives. Most of these new compounds showed excellent HIV-1 IN inhibitory activity in enzyme-based assays and protected against HIV-1 infection in cell-based assays. The 7-morpholino substituted 7c showed effective antiviral activity (EC50 = 0.826 mu g/mL) and high therapeutic index (TI > 242). More significantly, these hydroxyflavones block the IN-LEDGF/p75 interaction with low-to sub-micromolar IC50 values and represent a novel scaffold to design new generation of drugs simultaneously targeting the catalytic site as well as protein-protein interaction domains. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.