Cidofovir (HPMPC) 通过选择性抑制病毒DNA的合成而抑制病毒复制。
体外研究在处理培养细胞时,Cidofovir 抑制人类巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染。即使在感染后48小时加入药物,其对Davis和AD-169株的IC50分别为0.9 μg/mL和1.6 μg/mL,同时也能抑制单纯疱疹病毒感染。此外,Cidofovir 还能作用于猴肾细胞,抑制HSV-1诱导的细胞融合,以及HSV-1特异性蛋白的表达和病毒DNA的合成。
体内研究每天按5 mg/kg剂量皮下注射给药受感染豚鼠,持续给药5天后显著降低血、脾、肺及唾液腺中的病毒传染力。Cidofovir 还能显著减少淋巴细胞增多,并降低脾脏的平均组织指数。在对无毛小鼠进行皮内感染HSV-1或HSV-2时,它能够抑制所有临床表现(如皮肤损伤、后腿瘫痪和死亡)。值得注意的是,在感染后的第4天才开始给药也能显著抗HSV-1或HSV-2感染。此外,Cidofovir 还能作用于皮下移植小鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞的C57B16/J小鼠,抑制高度侵袭性黑色素瘤的生长。
化学性质Cidofovir 是一种白色粉末状物质,熔点为260℃(分解)。其 [α]{D}^20-97.3°(C=0.80,水)。单水合物在 pH 为7.5 的0.05mol/L碳酸氢三乙胺盐缓冲溶液的洗脱剂下有最大吸收波长 279nm(ε13000)。
用途Cidofovir 是一种抗病毒药物,用于治疗艾滋病引起的视网膜炎。
生产方法 方法1将化合物(I)溶解于10ml磷酸三乙酯中,在搅拌下加入0.40ml的 C1CH2P(O)Cl2,反应16h。然后用80ml乙醚萃取并过滤收集沉淀,以乙醚洗涤后在13Pa真空条件下干燥。溶于20ml水中回流8小时,再用三乙胺中和并在2kPa的真空下蒸干。剩余物溶解于1.5ml水中,并使用辛酰化的硅胶(如Separon SIXCl8, 7μ)进行柱层析,用pH值为7.5的0.05mol/L碳酸氢三乙胺盐缓冲溶液洗脱至盐完全移出,然后换用含10%甲醇的该缓冲液作为洗脱剂,并以2ml/min的速度流出。将合并后的洗脱液减压蒸干后加入10ml 2mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,在80℃下加热处理。使用H+型正离子交换树脂中和后,过滤收集滤液并在2Pa真空条件下除去溶剂。最后通过柱层析分离得到产物,收率在50%-60%之间。
方法2以?-2,3-O-亚异丙基丙三醇为原料,总收率为18%,其9步合成路线中关键步骤为胞嘧啶与丙三醇衍生物的缩合、加氢还原和水解。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | (S)-1-<3-Hydroxy-2-<(diethylphosphonyl)methoxy>propyl>cytosine | 120362-35-8 | C12H22N3O6P | 335.297 |
—— | bis(2-propyl) 1-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)cytosine | 148873-53-4 | C14H26N3O6P | 363.351 |
(S)-N1-[(3-羟基-2-二羟基磷酰基甲氧基)丙基]-N4-胞嘧啶 | N4-benzoyl-1-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)cytosine | 132336-37-9 | C15H18N3O7P | 383.298 |
—— | diethyl (S)-(((1-(4-benzamido-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3-hydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phosphonate | 132336-36-8 | C19H26N3O7P | 439.405 |
N-[1-[(2S)-2,3-二羟基丙基]-2-氧代嘧啶-4-基]苯甲酰胺 | 1-(S)-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-N4-benzoylcytosine | 62853-19-4 | C14H15N3O4 | 289.291 |
—— | methyl (S)-2-((S)-2-amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-3-[(S)-5-(4-amino-2-oxo-2H-pyrimidin-1ylmethyl)-2-oxido-1,4,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-yloxy]propanoate | —— | C17H28N5O8P | 461.412 |
—— | diethyl (S)-(((1-(4-benzamido-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(trityloxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phosphonate | 132336-35-7 | C38H40N3O7P | 681.725 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)cytosine | —— | C8H14N3O6P | 279.189 |
—— | cidofovir monophosphate | —— | C8H15N3O9P2 | 359.169 |
—— | (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine 3,6,9,12,15,18-hexaoxaeicosyl ester | 1313815-93-8 | C22H42N3O12P | 571.562 |
—— | (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl ester | 1313815-88-1 | C20H38N3O12P | 543.508 |
—— | hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir | 444805-28-1 | C27H52N3O7P | 561.7 |
—— | cidofovir octadecyloxypropyl ester | —— | C29H56N3O7P | 589.753 |
—— | [(S)-2-(4-Amino-2-oxo-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-hydroxymethyl-ethoxymethyl]-phosphonic acid mono-(2-octadecyloxy-ethyl) ester | 444805-26-9 | C28H54N3O7P | 575.726 |
—— | 1-[(S)-3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-N4-cyclopropylcytosine | —— | C11H18N3O6P | 319.254 |
环-1-(3-羟基-2-膦酰基甲氧基丙基)胞嘧啶 | cyclic cidofovir | 127757-45-3 | C8H12N3O5P | 261.174 |
—— | dodecyl cyclic cidofovir | 849176-91-6 | C20H36N3O5P | 429.497 |
—— | cyclic cidofovir hexadecyl ester | 343248-30-6 | C24H44N3O5P | 485.604 |
—— | (S)-1-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine phosphonate-diphosphate | 142276-31-1 | C8H16N3O12P3 | 439.149 |
—— | 1-O-hexadecyloxypropyl cyclic cidofovir | 343248-25-9 | C27H50N3O6P | 543.684 |
—— | cyclic cidofovir octadecyloxypropyl ester | 343248-27-1 | C29H54N3O6P | 571.738 |
—— | 1-O-octadecyloxyethyl cyclic cidofovir | 343248-29-3 | C28H52N3O6P | 557.711 |
—— | (S)-1-{3-[4,4'-Dimethoxytrityloxy]-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl}cytosine | 278611-17-9 | C29H32N3O8P | 581.562 |
—— | 4-amino-1-[[(5S)-2-oxido-2-phenoxy-1,4,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl]methyl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 1345665-10-2 | C14H16N3O5P | 337.272 |
—— | 4-amino-1-[[(5S)-2-oxido-2-phenoxy-1,4,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl]methyl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 1345665-09-9 | C14H16N3O5P | 337.272 |
—— | [(2S)-1-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3-[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenylmethoxy]propan-2-yl]oxymethyl-morpholin-4-ylphosphinic acid | 278611-18-0 | C33H39N4O8P | 650.668 |
—— | 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-N-[6-[[(5S)-5-[(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)methyl]-2-oxo-1,4,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl]oxy]hexyl]pentanamide | 1393360-97-8 | C24H39N6O7PS | 586.649 |
—— | 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-N-[2-[[(5S)-5-[(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)methyl]-2-oxo-1,4,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl]oxy]ethyl]pentanamide | 1393360-96-7 | C20H31N6O7PS | 530.542 |