辛可宁,(1S)-喹啉-4-基(5-乙烯基奎宁-2-基)甲醇,是一种喹啉型生物碱,属于金鸡纳生物碱的一种,又称金鸡宁、弱金鸡纳碱,是辛可尼定的立体异构体。它主要存在于金鸡纳树皮中,除奎宁外含量较多。辛可宁在测定钨矿时不可或缺,还可用于手性药物和手性中间体的制备、分离及分析。
抗肿瘤应用研究表明,辛可宁对肿瘤细胞生长有抑制作用,并能促进肿瘤细胞凋亡。实验结果显示,它能够抑制肿瘤细胞生长,促进其早期凋亡,同时增强促凋亡因子的表达并抑制抗凋亡因子的表达。这表明,辛可宁有望在未来应用于抗肿瘤治疗中。
制备方法 原料A的制备将金鸡纳树皮(30~60目粉末)与甲苯混合,于80~90℃加热回流浸泡4次后合并浓缩。再用10%稀硫酸溶解滤液,使pH值维持在3~4之间。随后加入10%氢氧化钠溶液调至pH 6.5~7.0,静置冷却后奎宁硫酸盐析出,过滤得到固体物。
向滤液中继续加20%氢氧化钠调pH值至10,放置以析出其余金鸡纳生物碱的总固体物。滤出固体物并在60~70℃常压下干燥,即得原料A。
奎尼丁的制备取3.5克原料A于100mL圆底烧瓶中,加入60mL乙酸乙酯室温搅拌30分钟溶解。静置6小时后过滤得到滤液B和不溶性物质C。
浓缩滤液B至原体积的十分之一,在室温下放置结晶完全。用95%乙醇溶解滤出的白色固体,再加入0.15克活性炭脱色重结晶,最终获得1.2克白色无定形或结晶性粉末。该样品在乙醇中易溶、三氯甲烷和乙醚中微溶,比旋光度+255°(0.5mol/L的乙醇溶液),熔点为172~174℃,含量99.6%。
辛可宁的制备用体积分数95%的乙醇溶解不溶物质C,并加入0.15克活性炭。在75℃搅拌下脱色25分钟后过滤得到纯净的辛可宁。此方法制得的辛可宁具有抗疟原虫和解热作用。
用途 抗疟药作为辛可尼定的立体异构体,辛可宁主要用于治疗各种疟疾,并可用于铋及钨试剂生产。
生产方法中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 3-(3-Ethenyl-1-propylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-26-6 | C22H28N2O | 336.477 |
—— | 3-[3-Ethenyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-34-6 | C23H30N2O | 350.504 |
—— | 3-(1-Butyl-3-ethenylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-30-2 | C23H30N2O | 350.504 |
—— | 3-(3-Ethenyl-1-pentylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-38-0 | C24H32N2O | 364.531 |
—— | 3-(3-Ethenyl-1-hexylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-43-7 | C25H34N2O | 378.558 |
—— | 3-[3-Ethenyl-1-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-62-0 | C25H33N3O2 | 407.556 |
—— | 3-(3-Ethenyl-1-octylpiperidin-4-yl)-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-47-1 | C27H38N2O | 406.612 |
—— | 3-[1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethenylpiperidin-4-yl]-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-51-7 | C24H33N3O | 379.546 |
—— | 3-[1-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethyl)-3-vinyl-piperidin-4-yl]-1-quinolin-4-yl-propan-1-one | 1396189-58-4 | C26H35N3O | 405.583 |
—— | 3-[3-Ethenyl-1-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]-1-quinolin-4-ylpropan-1-one | 1396189-55-1 | C25H33N3O | 391.557 |
—— | 1-quinolin-4-yl-3-(vinyl-piperidin-4-yl)-propan-1-one | 344871-97-2 | C19H22N2O | 294.396 |
—— | 2-[[3-Ethenyl-1-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396190-06-9 | C26H33N3O2 | 419.567 |
—— | 2-[(3-Ethenyl-1-hexylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-87-9 | C26H34N2O | 390.569 |
—— | 2-[(3-Ethenyl-1-propylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-70-0 | C23H28N2O | 348.488 |
—— | 2-[(3-Ethenyl-1-pentylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-83-5 | C25H32N2O | 376.542 |
—— | 2-[(3-Ethenyl-1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-66-4 | C22H26N2O | 334.461 |
—— | 2-[(1-Butyl-3-ethenylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-74-4 | C24H30N2O | 362.515 |
—— | 2-[[3-Ethenyl-1-(2-methylpropyl)piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-79-9 | C24H30N2O | 362.515 |
—— | 2-[(3-Ethenyl-1-octylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-91-5 | C28H38N2O | 418.623 |
—— | 2-[[1-[3-(Dimethylamino)propyl]-3-ethenylpiperidin-4-yl]methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-95-9 | C25H33N3O | 391.557 |
—— | 2-[1-(2-piperidin-1-yl-ethyl)-3-vinyl-piperidin-4-ylmethyl]-1-quinolin-4-yl-propenone | 1396190-02-5 | C27H35N3O | 417.594 |
—— | 2-[[3-Ethenyl-1-(2-pyrrolidin-1-ylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]methyl]-1-quinolin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one | 1396189-99-3 | C26H33N3O | 403.568 |