遇明火、高热易引起燃烧,与还原剂反应有氧化性。
稳定性:稳定。
禁配物:还原剂、氧化剂。
应避免接触的条件:受热。
聚合危害:不聚合。
分解产物:氮氧化物。
用途:用于有机合成。
类别:易燃液体
毒性分级:中毒
急性毒性:
爆炸物危险特性:氧化剂
可燃性危险特性:遇明火、高温或还原剂可燃;燃烧时产生有毒氮氧化物烟雾。
储运特性:
灭火剂:
540,050. Alkyl nitrates. STEVENS, A. H. (Sharples Solvents Corporation). March 29, 1940, No. 5722. Drawings to Specification. [Class 2 (iii)] Alkyl nitrates are produced by reacting in alcohol with nitric acid of 35-68 per cent. strength under a pressure of 20-650 mm., the nitrate being removed by azeotropicdistillation, water (or in the case of ethyl or methyl nitrate, the ester) being returned from the distillate or otherwise to the reaction vessel to prevent accumulation of ester or water. The invention is applicable to the esterification of dihydric alcohols. Urea is preferably added during the process, and the water to be returned may be added in the form of solvent or diluent of the nitric acid, urea or alcohol. Examples 1-11 describe the esterification of n-butyl, 2-chlorethyl, mixed amyl, secondary amyl, iso-amyl, n-amyl, n-hexyl, secondary hexyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, cyclohexyl, and octyl nitrates, using the reagents in the liquid phase. The alcohol may be supplied in the liquid or vapour phase. Another example describes the production of isopropyl nitrate, the alcohol being supplied in the form of vapour above the surface of the nitric acid. Specification 379,312 is referred to.