联苯双酯是我国自主研发的一种治疗肝炎的降酶药物。它具有很高的生物活性,能够显著降低血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和谷草转氨酶(AST)水平,增强肝脏解毒功能,并有抗肝细胞坏死的作用。该药物对化疗药物如甲氨蝶呤、5-氟尿嘧啶等引起的中毒性肝炎有明显的治疗效果,且毒性极低,无致畸、致突变效应。药理研究表明联苯双酯还具有一定的抗癌活性。临床主要用于迁延性、慢性肝炎患者以及因药物引起的丙氨酸氨基转移酶持续升高的患者。
作用联苯双酯能够显著降低丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)水平,对由肝炎或药物引起血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶升高患者具有明显的降酶效果,并且不良反应较少。随疗程延长而逐渐提高降酶效果,尤其对单项丙氨酸氨基转移酶高者效果更佳。对HBsAg阴性者的疗效明显优于阳性者。此外,联苯双酯对肝炎的主要症状有一定改善作用,但对肝、脾肿大无显著影响。
用途 合成方法联苯双酯的合成首先通过没食子酸与甲醇在浓硫酸催化下回流得到没食子酸甲酯。将该产物溶于硼砂水溶液中,分别滴加硫酸二甲酯及氢氧化钠溶液进行反应,生成3,4-二羟基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯。再与二氯甲烷、无水碳酸钾和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺回流反应,得到3,4-亚甲二氧基-5-甲氧基苯甲酸甲酯。最后在氯仿中进行溴化,并通过乌尔曼反应制得联苯双酯。
图1展示了联苯双酯的合成路线。
药动学联苯双酯口服吸收约30%,肝脏首过效应明显,24小时内约70%由粪便排出。滴丸剂的生物利用度是片剂的1.25~2.37倍。
上述概述、作用、药动学及合成方法信息由Chemicalbook的侍艳编辑整理(2015-12-28)。
禁忌抗肝炎药物,用于慢性迁延性肝炎、慢性活动性肝炎等疾病的治疗。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
7,7-二甲氧基-[4,4]bi[苯并[1,3]二氧代]-5,5-二羧酸 | 4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxy-2,2'-dibenzoic acid | 105868-34-6 | C18H14O10 | 390.303 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | 7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(methoxycarbonyl)-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylic acid | 211996-66-6 | C19H16O10 | 404.33 |
—— | dimethyl 2',3'-methylenedioxy-2,3,4,4'-tetramethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl-6,6'-dicarboxylate | 118503-15-4 | C21H22O10 | 434.4 |
5'-(羟甲基)-7,7'-二甲氧基-[4,4'-二苯并[D][1,3]1,3-二氧杂环戊烯E]-5-甲酸甲酯 | bicyclol | 118159-48-1 | C19H18O9 | 390.347 |
—— | Methyl 4-(2,3-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylate | 347885-76-1 | C19H18O10 | 406.346 |
7,7-二甲氧基-[4,4]bi[苯并[1,3]二氧代]-5,5-二羧酸 | 4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxy-2,2'-dibenzoic acid | 105868-34-6 | C18H14O10 | 390.303 |
—— | 4-[5-(Hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl]-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid | 854750-47-3 | C18H16O9 | 376.32 |
—— | dimethyl 2,3-acetoxymethylenedioxy-2',3'-methylenedioxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl-6,6'-dicarboxylate | 118503-25-6 | C22H20O12 | 476.394 |
—— | methyl 2'-chlorocarbonyl-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxy-biphenyl-2-carboxylate | 502621-95-6 | C19H15ClO9 | 422.776 |
—— | 5-(2-ethoxy-4-formylphenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-15-3 | C28H24O12 | 552.491 |
—— | (7,7′-dimethoxy-[4,4′-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole]-5,5′-diyl)dimethanol | —— | C18H18O8 | 362.336 |
—— | (E)-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(3-oxo-3-phenylprop-1-en-1-yl)-{4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole}-5-carboxylate | 1372720-32-5 | C27H22O9 | 490.466 |
—— | (E)-5'-(3-(4-hydroxy)phenyl-3-oxo-1-propenyl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-dibenzo[d] [1,3]dioxol-5-carboxylic acid methyl ester | 1372720-33-6 | C27H22O10 | 506.466 |
—— | (E)-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-34-7 | C28H24O10 | 520.493 |
—— | (E)-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(3-oxo-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-39-2 | C30H28O12 | 580.545 |
—— | dimethyl 3,3'-diiodo-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-dicarboxylate | 1377829-24-7 | C20H16I2O10 | 670.15 |
—— | Methyl 6-bromo-4-(6-bromo-7-methoxy-5-methoxycarbonyl-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylate | 114370-82-0 | C20H16Br2O10 | 576.149 |
—— | Methyl 6-bromo-7-methoxy-4-(7-methoxy-5-methoxycarbonyl-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylate | —— | C20H17BrO10 | 497.253 |
—— | (E)-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(3-(4-nitrophenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-40-5 | C27H21NO11 | 535.464 |
—— | (E)-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(3-(2-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-35-8 | C28H24O10 | 520.493 |
—— | (E)-methyl 5'-(3-(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-{4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole}-5-carboxylate | 1372720-36-9 | C29H26O11 | 550.519 |
—— | 6-Bromo-4-(6-bromo-5-ethoxycarbonyl-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid | 166186-31-8 | C20H16Br2O10 | 576.149 |
—— | (E)-methyl 5'-(2-cyano-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-41-6 | C29H23NO10 | 545.502 |
—— | (7,7′-dimethoxy-[4,4′-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole]-5,5′-diyl)bis(methylene) dimethanesulfonate | 1376611-75-4 | C20H22O12S2 | 518.519 |
—— | (E)-methyl 5'-(3-(2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-oxoprop-1-en-1-yl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-37-0 | C29H26O11 | 550.519 |
—— | 6-Bromo-4-(6-bromo-5-carboxy-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylic acid | 166186-28-3 | C18H12Br2O10 | 548.095 |
—— | 3,3'-dibromo-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-bis(methylenedioxy)-biphenyl-2-hydroxymethyl-2'-carboxylic acid | 1377829-28-1 | C18H14Br2O9 | 534.112 |
—— | (E)-methyl 5'-(2-cyano-3-oxo-3-(p-tolyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-42-7 | C29H23NO9 | 529.503 |
—— | (E)-methyl 5'-(2-cyano-3-oxo-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)prop-1-en-1-yl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-(4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole)-5-carboxylate | 1372720-43-8 | C31H27NO12 | 605.555 |
—— | Hexyl 6-bromo-4-(6-bromo-5-hexoxycarbonyl-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxole-5-carboxylate | —— | C30H36Br2O10 | 716.418 |
—— | (Z)-5-(4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-37-9 | C29H21NO12S | 607.551 |
—— | (E)-5-(3-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-29-9 | C29H21NO12S | 607.551 |
—— | (3,3'-dibromo-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-diyl)bis(methylene) dibenzoate | 1377829-27-0 | C32H24Br2O10 | 728.345 |
—— | (Z)-5-(4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-methoxyphenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-28-8 | C30H23NO13S | 637.578 |
—— | (Z)-5-(4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2,6-dimethoxyphenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-30-2 | C31H25NO14S | 667.604 |
—— | (E)-5-(5-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-methoxyphenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-35-7 | C30H23NO13S | 637.578 |
—— | (Z)-5-(4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-ethoxyphenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-27-7 | C31H25NO13S | 651.604 |
—— | (Z)-5-(2-bromo-4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-32-4 | C29H20BrNO12S | 686.447 |
—— | (Z)-5-(4-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)-2-fluorophenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-33-5 | C29H20FNO12S | 625.542 |
—— | (E)-5-(2-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-36-8 | C29H21NO12S | 607.551 |
—— | 3,3'-dibromo-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-bis(methylenedioxy)-biphenyl-2,2'-dimethanol | 1377829-25-8 | C18H16Br2O8 | 520.128 |
—— | 5,5'-bis(bromomethyl)-7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-dibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole | 79279-10-0 | C18H16Br2O6 | 488.129 |
—— | 6-benzyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-dibenz[c,e]azepine-5-one | 1376611-74-3 | C25H21NO7 | 447.444 |
—— | (3,3'-dibromo-4,4'-dimethoxy-5,6,5',6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2,2'-diyl)bis(methylene) dibutyrate | 1377829-26-9 | C26H28Br2O10 | 660.31 |
—— | (E)-5-(4-chloro-2-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-38-0 | C29H20ClNO12S | 641.996 |
—— | 6-ethyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-dibenz[c,e]azepine-5-one | 1376611-71-0 | C20H19NO7 | 385.373 |
—— | 6-butyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-dibenz[c,e]azepine-5-one | 1376611-72-1 | C22H23NO7 | 413.427 |
—— | (E)-5-(2,4-dibromo-6-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-34-6 | C29H19Br2NO12S | 765.343 |
—— | (E)-5-(2,4-dichloro-6-((2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)methyl)phenyl) 5'-methyl 7,7'-dimethoxy-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5,5'-dicarboxylate | 1350363-31-3 | C29H19Cl2NO12S | 676.441 |
—— | 6-((methoxycarbonyl)methyl)-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-dibenz[c,e]azepine-5-one | 1376611-73-2 | C21H19NO9 | 429.383 |
—— | 6-methyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 145573-66-6 | C19H19NO6 | 357.363 |
—— | 7-benzyl-4,10-dimethoxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:3,4]benzo[1,2-c][1,3]dioxolo[4′,5′:5,6]benzo[1,2-e]azepine | 1376611-66-3 | C25H23NO6 | 433.461 |
—— | N-(2-(4,10-dimethoxy-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':3,4]benzo[1,2-c][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':5,6]benzo[1,2-e]azepin-7(8H)-yl)ethyl)-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamide | —— | C30H32N2O10 | 580.591 |
—— | 6-ethyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-63-0 | C20H21NO6 | 371.39 |
—— | N-(6-(4,10-dimethoxy-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':3,4]benzo[1,2-c][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':5,6]benzo[1,2-e]azepin-7(8H)-yl)hexyl)-3,4-dimethoxybenzamide | —— | C33H38N2O9 | 606.673 |
—— | N-(6-(4,10-dimethoxy-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':3,4]benzo[1,2-c][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':5,6]benzo[1,2-e]azepin-7(8H)-yl)hexyl)-3,4,5-trimethoxybenzamide | —— | C34H40N2O10 | 636.699 |
—— | 6-propyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-67-4 | C21H23NO6 | 385.417 |
—— | 6-phenethyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-68-5 | C26H25NO6 | 447.488 |
—— | 6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-70-9 | C20H21NO7 | 387.389 |
—— | 6-butyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-64-1 | C22H25NO6 | 399.444 |
—— | 6-((methoxycarbonyl)methyl)-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedi-oxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-65-2 | C21H21NO8 | 415.4 |
—— | 6-[2-(3,4-methylenedioxy)phenyl]ethyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 1376611-69-6 | C27H25NO8 | 491.497 |
—— | 6-phenyl-3,9-dimethoxy-1,2-methylenedioxy-10,11-methylenedioxy-6,7-dihydro-5H-dibenz[c,e]azepine | 143883-74-3 | C24H21NO6 | 419.434 |
—— | methyl-7,7'-dimethoxy-5'-(4-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-ylamino)butylcarbamoyl)-4,4'-bibenzo[d][1,3]dioxole-5-carboxylate | —— | C36H37N3O9 | 655.704 |
—— | 3,4-dichloro-N-(6-(4,10-dimethoxy-6H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':3,4]benzo[1,2-c][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':5,6]benzo[1,2-e]azepin-7(8H)-yl)hexyl)benzamide | —— | C31H32Cl2N2O7 | 615.51 |
—— | 3-(4,10-dimethoxy-6,8-dihydro-7H-[1,3]dioxolo[4',5':3,4]benzo[1,2-c][1,3]dioxolo[4',5':5,6]benzo[1,2-e]azepin-7-yl)-N-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propanamide | —— | C29H30N2O9 | 550.565 |