It is recommended that cidofovir admixtures be administered within 24 hours of preparation and that refrigeration or freezer storage not be used to extend this 24 hour limit.
Cidofovir (HPMPC) 通过选择性抑制病毒DNA的合成而抑制病毒复制。
体外研究在处理培养细胞时,Cidofovir 抑制人类巨细胞病毒(HCMV)感染。即使在感染后48小时加入药物,其对Davis和AD-169株的IC50分别为0.9 μg/mL和1.6 μg/mL,同时也能抑制单纯疱疹病毒感染。此外,Cidofovir 还能作用于猴肾细胞,抑制HSV-1诱导的细胞融合,以及HSV-1特异性蛋白的表达和病毒DNA的合成。
体内研究每天按5 mg/kg剂量皮下注射给药受感染豚鼠,持续给药5天后显著降低血、脾、肺及唾液腺中的病毒传染力。Cidofovir 还能显著减少淋巴细胞增多,并降低脾脏的平均组织指数。在对无毛小鼠进行皮内感染HSV-1或HSV-2时,它能够抑制所有临床表现(如皮肤损伤、后腿瘫痪和死亡)。值得注意的是,在感染后的第4天才开始给药也能显著抗HSV-1或HSV-2感染。此外,Cidofovir 还能作用于皮下移植小鼠黑色素瘤B16细胞的C57B16/J小鼠,抑制高度侵袭性黑色素瘤的生长。
化学性质Cidofovir 是一种白色粉末状物质,熔点为260℃(分解)。其 [α]{D}^20-97.3°(C=0.80,水)。单水合物在 pH 为7.5 的0.05mol/L碳酸氢三乙胺盐缓冲溶液的洗脱剂下有最大吸收波长 279nm(ε13000)。
用途Cidofovir 是一种抗病毒药物,用于治疗艾滋病引起的视网膜炎。
生产方法 方法1将化合物(I)溶解于10ml磷酸三乙酯中,在搅拌下加入0.40ml的 C1CH2P(O)Cl2,反应16h。然后用80ml乙醚萃取并过滤收集沉淀,以乙醚洗涤后在13Pa真空条件下干燥。溶于20ml水中回流8小时,再用三乙胺中和并在2kPa的真空下蒸干。剩余物溶解于1.5ml水中,并使用辛酰化的硅胶(如Separon SIXCl8, 7μ)进行柱层析,用pH值为7.5的0.05mol/L碳酸氢三乙胺盐缓冲溶液洗脱至盐完全移出,然后换用含10%甲醇的该缓冲液作为洗脱剂,并以2ml/min的速度流出。将合并后的洗脱液减压蒸干后加入10ml 2mol/L氢氧化钠溶液,在80℃下加热处理。使用H+型正离子交换树脂中和后,过滤收集滤液并在2Pa真空条件下除去溶剂。最后通过柱层析分离得到产物,收率在50%-60%之间。
方法2以?-2,3-O-亚异丙基丙三醇为原料,总收率为18%,其9步合成路线中关键步骤为胞嘧啶与丙三醇衍生物的缩合、加氢还原和水解。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | (S)-1-<3-Hydroxy-2-<(diethylphosphonyl)methoxy>propyl>cytosine | 120362-35-8 | C12H22N3O6P | 335.297 |
—— | bis(2-propyl) 1-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)cytosine | 148873-53-4 | C14H26N3O6P | 363.351 |
(S)-N1-[(3-羟基-2-二羟基磷酰基甲氧基)丙基]-N4-胞嘧啶 | N4-benzoyl-1-(S)-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)cytosine | 132336-37-9 | C15H18N3O7P | 383.298 |
—— | diethyl (S)-(((1-(4-benzamido-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3-hydroxypropan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phosphonate | 132336-36-8 | C19H26N3O7P | 439.405 |
N-[1-[(2S)-2,3-二羟基丙基]-2-氧代嘧啶-4-基]苯甲酰胺 | 1-(S)-(2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-N4-benzoylcytosine | 62853-19-4 | C14H15N3O4 | 289.291 |
—— | methyl (S)-2-((S)-2-amino-3-methyl-butyrylamino)-3-[(S)-5-(4-amino-2-oxo-2H-pyrimidin-1ylmethyl)-2-oxido-1,4,2-dioxaphosphinan-2-yloxy]propanoate | —— | C17H28N5O8P | 461.412 |
—— | diethyl (S)-(((1-(4-benzamido-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-3-(trityloxy)propan-2-yl)oxy)methyl)phosphonate | 132336-35-7 | C38H40N3O7P | 681.725 |
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 分子量 |
---|---|---|---|---|
—— | (S)-1-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)cytosine | —— | C8H14N3O6P | 279.189 |
—— | cidofovir monophosphate | —— | C8H15N3O9P2 | 359.169 |
—— | (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine 3,6,9,12,15,18-hexaoxaeicosyl ester | 1313815-93-8 | C22H42N3O12P | 571.562 |
—— | (S)-1-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine 17-hydroxy-3,6,9,12,15-pentaoxaheptadecyl ester | 1313815-88-1 | C20H38N3O12P | 543.508 |
—— | hexadecyloxypropyl-cidofovir | 444805-28-1 | C27H52N3O7P | 561.7 |
—— | cidofovir octadecyloxypropyl ester | —— | C29H56N3O7P | 589.753 |
—— | [(S)-2-(4-Amino-2-oxo-2H-pyrimidin-1-yl)-1-hydroxymethyl-ethoxymethyl]-phosphonic acid mono-(2-octadecyloxy-ethyl) ester | 444805-26-9 | C28H54N3O7P | 575.726 |
—— | 1-[(S)-3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-N4-cyclopropylcytosine | —— | C11H18N3O6P | 319.254 |
环-1-(3-羟基-2-膦酰基甲氧基丙基)胞嘧啶 | cyclic cidofovir | 127757-45-3 | C8H12N3O5P | 261.174 |
—— | dodecyl cyclic cidofovir | 849176-91-6 | C20H36N3O5P | 429.497 |
—— | cyclic cidofovir hexadecyl ester | 343248-30-6 | C24H44N3O5P | 485.604 |
—— | (S)-1-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]cytosine phosphonate-diphosphate | 142276-31-1 | C8H16N3O12P3 | 439.149 |
—— | 1-O-hexadecyloxypropyl cyclic cidofovir | 343248-25-9 | C27H50N3O6P | 543.684 |
—— | cyclic cidofovir octadecyloxypropyl ester | 343248-27-1 | C29H54N3O6P | 571.738 |
—— | 1-O-octadecyloxyethyl cyclic cidofovir | 343248-29-3 | C28H52N3O6P | 557.711 |
—— | (S)-1-{3-[4,4'-Dimethoxytrityloxy]-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl}cytosine | 278611-17-9 | C29H32N3O8P | 581.562 |
—— | 4-amino-1-[[(5S)-2-oxido-2-phenoxy-1,4,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl]methyl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 1345665-10-2 | C14H16N3O5P | 337.272 |
—— | 4-amino-1-[[(5S)-2-oxido-2-phenoxy-1,4,2-dioxaphosphinan-5-yl]methyl]pyrimidin-2(1H)-one | 1345665-09-9 | C14H16N3O5P | 337.272 |
—— | [(2S)-1-(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)-3-[bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-phenylmethoxy]propan-2-yl]oxymethyl-morpholin-4-ylphosphinic acid | 278611-18-0 | C33H39N4O8P | 650.668 |
—— | 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-N-[6-[[(5S)-5-[(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)methyl]-2-oxo-1,4,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl]oxy]hexyl]pentanamide | 1393360-97-8 | C24H39N6O7PS | 586.649 |
—— | 5-[(3aS,4S,6aR)-2-oxo-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrothieno[3,4-d]imidazol-4-yl]-N-[2-[[(5S)-5-[(4-amino-2-oxopyrimidin-1-yl)methyl]-2-oxo-1,4,2lambda5-dioxaphosphinan-2-yl]oxy]ethyl]pentanamide | 1393360-96-7 | C20H31N6O7PS | 530.542 |