Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, trisodium salt is an odorless white crystalline powder. pH (1% aqueous solution) 9.3. pH (10% aqueous solution) about 8.3-8.7. (NTP, 1992)
/Investigators/ reported that Disodium EDTA (10 mg/mL) increased the intestinal absorption of neutral, basic, and acidic compounds in the male Sprague-Dawley rat. The chelating agent increased the absorption of (14)C-mannitol and (14)C-inulin from <2% to 7%-b 1%, the absorption of (14)C-N-methyldecamethonium from 2%-3% to 11%-15%, and the absorption of sulfanilic acid from 11%-14% to 26%-32%. Plasma concentrations of the drugs were increased as much as five- or sixfold, compared to controls.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
相互作用
1% (w/v; 24 mM) 的 Disodium EDTA 能显著增加 Charles River 大鼠小肠对乙酰唑胺的吸收。与1% (w/v) 还原型谷胱甘肽联合使用时，小肠吸收增加了1.5到2倍；然而，EDTA和谷胱甘肽处理对胃吸收没有影响。研究者们认为 Disodium EDTA 通过螯合镁和钙离子，改变了肠上皮的水通透性，从而分离上皮细胞。
Disodium EDTA at a concentration of 1% (w/v; 24 mM) increased the in situ drug absorption of acetazolamide from the small intestine of male Charles River rats when administered with 1% (w/v) reduced glutathione. Intestinal absorption was increased by 1.5 to 2 times; however, absorption from the stomach was not affected by treatment with EDTA and glutathione. The investigators suggested that Disodium EDTA altered the aqueous permeability of the intestinal epithelium by the chelation of magnesium and calcium ions, thereby separating the epithelial cells.
Nephrotoxicity (e.g., acute tubular necrosis, proteinuria, and hematuria) may be minimized by adequate hydration, establishment of adequate urine flow, avoidance of excessive doses, and limitation of continuous administration to 5 or fewer days. Laboratory assessment of renal function should be performed daily during treatment for severe intoxication and after the second and fifth days in other cases.
/SRP:/ Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Poisons A and B/
/SRP:/ Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if needed. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mL/kg up to 200 mL of water for dilution if the patient can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Poisons A and B/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
静脉给药后，形成的螯合物在尿液中排出，1小时内出现50%，24小时内超过95%。
After intravenous administration, the chelate formed is excreted in the urine with 50% appearing in 1 hour and over 95% in 24 hours.
Disodium edentate ... /is/ poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and /is/ associated with few adverse effects when used as an excipient in pharmaceutical preparations.
Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups of five animals each. Rats in group 1 received ip injections of (14)C Disodium EDTA, group 2 received this compound on depilated skin, rats in group 3 received this compound on depilated and abraded skin (abraded every 2 or 3 cm over treated area), and group 4 was the control group. The specific activity of the (14)C Disodium EDTA was 21.6 mCi/mM and it was dissolved in saline to yield a final solution of 50 pCi/mL. Animals that received ip injections got 0.5 mL of this solution, or 25 pCi of (14)C Disodium EDTA. Animals that had the compound applied to the skin received 25 pCi of (14)C Disodium EDTA in the form of an ointment (modulan, mineral oil, petrolatum, cetyl alcohol 35:21 :25:12) spread over an area of 50 sq cm spread over a sheet of thin polyethylene. This sheet was taped to the trunk of each animal. A collar was fixed around the neck of the rats. All animals were decapitated 24 hours after treatment. The tissue distribution (per 100 mg wet organ weight) of (14)C Disodium EDTA 24 hours after ip administration was as follows: liver 577+/- 13, small intestine 631 +/- 25, large intestine 696 +/- 19, and kidney 1964 +/- 220. Twenty-four hours after application on normal skin the tissue distribution was as follows: liver 6 +/- 4, small intestine 99 +/- 22, large intestine 107 +/- 24, and kidneys 29 +/- 12. Twenty-four hours after application on abraded skin the tissue distribution was as follows: liver 139 +/- 34, small intestine 214 +/- 76, large intestine 309 +/- 115, and kidneys 222 +/- 30.
