A smooth catalytic method to use phenols as the nucleophilic partner in the Nicholas reaction has been developed. The method uses either AgI or AuI catalysts with AgClO4 or AgBF4 as the most efficient catalysts tested. Neither additional additives nor cocatalysts were required and the formation of the corresponding phenol adducts occurred in excellent yields. The process has the single limitation of
已经开发出一种在尼古拉斯反应中使用
苯酚作为亲核伴侣的光滑催化方法。该方法使用具有AgClO 4或AgBF 4的Ag I或Au I催化剂作为经过测试的最有效的催化剂。既不需要额外的添加剂也不需要助催化剂,并且相应的
苯酚加合物的形成以优异的产率发生。该方法具有单一局限性,即较少的亲核
酚(4-
硝基苯酚)无法生成相应的加合物。另外,该反应是高度非对映选择性的。DFT计算允许提出涉及三
金属中间体的催化循环。反应的决定速率的步骤是
钴-
银三
金属中间体中的羟基消除。