A method of synthesizing a compound having the formula
1
via a cascade radical 4+1 annulation includes the step wherein the precursor
2
is reacted with an arylisonitrile having the formula
3
wherein X is a radical precursor such as Cl, Br or I. R
6
is preferably —Si(R
8
R
9
R
10
) or —(R
7
)Si(R
8
R
9
R
10
), wherein R
7
is an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, or an alkynylene group; and R
8
, R
9
and R
10
are independently a C
1-10
alkyl group, a C
2-10
alkenyl group, a C
2-10
alkynyl group, an aryl group or a —(CH
2
)
N
R
11
group, wherein N is an integer within the range of 1 through 10 and R
11
is a hydroxy group, alkoxy group, an amino group, an alkylamino group, a dialkylamino group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, —SR
c
or a nitro group. R
1
-R
4
can be broadly substituted. R
5
is preferably a C
1-10
alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, or a benzyl group. R
13
is preferably H, F or —CH
3
. R
16
is R
16
is —C(O)R
f
or H. The E-ring (the lactone ring) may be opened.
通过级联自由基4+1环化合成具有公式1的化合物的方法包括步骤,其中前体2与具有公式3的芳基异腈反应,其中X是类似Cl、Br或I的基团前体。R6优选为—Si(R8R9R10)或—(R7)Si(R8R9R10),其中R7是烷基、烯基或炔基;R8、R9和R10独立地是C1-10烷基、C2-10烯基、C2-10炔基、芳基或—(
CH2)NR11基团,其中N在1到10范围内,R11是羟基、烷氧基、
氨基、烷基
氨基、二烷基
氨基、卤素原子、
氰基、—SRc或硝基。R1-R4可以广泛取代。R5优选为C1-10烷基、烯基、炔基或苄基。R13优选为H、F或—
CH3。R16为C(O)R对于H。E环(内酯环)可以打开。