pathways (oxidation, substitution, condensation, elimination) than the acidic conditions did. The para-quinones were major reaction products observed for all four tocopherols. Interestingly, if the quinone was substituted at C-5, it rearranged in a Michael-type addition process followed by substitution with a bromonium ion. The absence of a substituent at C-5, the presence of a bromine atom at C-7, or the
and used for the first time as chain-breakingantioxidants for the inhibition of the autoxidation of reference oxidizable substrates. The rate constant of the reaction with alkylperoxyl (ROO˙) radicals and the stoichiometry of radical trapping (n) for the thiophene-tocopherol compounds were determined by measuring the oxygen consumption during the autoxidation of styrene or isopropylbenzene, using a
高效合成、表征了三种新的 α-生育酚噻吩衍生物,并首次用作断链抗氧化剂来抑制参考可氧化底物的自动氧化。通过使用压差传感器测量苯乙烯或异丙苯自氧化过程中的耗氧量,确定了与烷基过氧自由基(ROO˙)自由基的反应速率常数和噻吩-生育酚化合物的自由基捕获化学计量( n )。在 30 °C 的非极性溶剂中测量与 ROO˙ 自由基的反应显示抑制速率常数 ( k inh ) 约为 10 4 M -1 s -1 。为了使动力学结果合理化,通过理论计算研究了噻吩环对功能化生育酚的 O-H 基团提供氢原子的影响。非共价相互作用(包括不寻常的 O˙⋯S 键)对于构象异构体稳定性的重要性已被证明,并且确定了这些衍生物的 O-H 键解离焓 (BDE(OH))。最后,研究了这些新化合物的光物理性质,以了解噻吩基团的添加是否会改变生育酚骨架的吸收或发射光谱,以使其可能用作发光分子探针。
Regenerable Antioxidants-Introduction of Chalcogen Substituents into Tocopherols
作者:Jia-fei Poon、Vijay P. Singh、Jiajie Yan、Lars Engman
DOI:10.1002/chem.201405895
日期:2015.2.2
low‐yielding access to many sulfur and selenium derivatives, but failed in the case of tellurium. An approach based on lithiation of the appropriate bromo‐tocopherol, insertion of chalcogen into the carbon‐lithium bond, air‐oxidation to a dichalcogenide, and final borohydride reduction/alkylation turned out to be generally applicable to the synthesis of all chalcogen derivatives. Whereas alkylthio‐ and
the 5a-bromo derivative by an oxidation/addition mechanism via the corresponding o-quinone methide becomes a competitive process. By measurement of product ratios at different temperatures, the relative and absolute activation energies of the reaction systems with parallel reactions going on (β- and δ-tocopherol) were established. The kinetic data were in very good agreement with DFT results that showed