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除虫菊素 | 121-29-9

中文名称
除虫菊素
中文别名
除虫菊素Ⅱ
英文名称
Pyrethrin II
英文别名
[(1S)-2-methyl-4-oxo-3-[(2Z)-penta-2,4-dienyl]cyclopent-2-en-1-yl] (1R,3R)-3-[(E)-3-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
除虫菊素化学式
CAS
121-29-9
化学式
C22H28O5
mdl
——
分子量
372.461
InChiKey
VJFUPGQZSXIULQ-XIGJTORUSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 比旋光度:
    D19 +14.7° (isooctane-ether)
  • 沸点:
    bp0.007 192-193°
  • 密度:
    1.12±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
  • 溶解度:
    可溶于氯仿(少许)、DMSO(少许)、甲醇(少许)
  • 颜色/状态:
    Viscous liquid
  • 蒸汽压力:
    3.98X10-7 mm Hg at 25 °C
  • 稳定性/保质期:
    Oxidizes rapidly and becomes inactive in air.
  • 旋光度:
    Specific optical rotation: -6 deg at 20 °C/D (diethyl ether, percentage concentration = 5%)
  • 分解:
    When heated to decomp it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
  • 腐蚀性:
    Non-corrosive
  • 折光率:
    Index of refraction: 1.5258 at 20 °C/D

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    4.4
  • 重原子数:
    27
  • 可旋转键数:
    9
  • 环数:
    2.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.5
  • 拓扑面积:
    69.7
  • 氢给体数:
    0
  • 氢受体数:
    5

ADMET

代谢
拟除虫菊酯在体内被广泛代谢,粪便和尿液中母体化合物的残留物仅占10%。已鉴定出六种代谢物,并提出了两种主要的代谢途径,第一种涉及双键和/或甲基基团的氧化,第二种涉及酯键的水解。拟除虫菊酯I主要通过氧化过程代谢,而拟除虫菊酯II则通过水解和氧化过程的结合进行代谢。
Pyrethrins are extensively metabolized, the residues of the parent compound in feces and urine representing only 10%. Six metabolites were identified and two major metabolic pathways were suggested, the first involving oxidation of the double-bond and/or the methyl groups and the second involving hydrolysis of the ester bond. Pyrethrins I are metabolized mainly through oxidative processes, while pyrethrins II are metabolized through a combination of hydrolytic and oxidative processes.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
在给予大鼠口服(14)C-除虫菊素II后48小时内,53%的(14)C以呼出的二氧化碳形式被回收。从尿液中回收的(14)C占7%,口服给药的物质有一部分以粪便形式排出,至少部分经过代谢。已从尿液中分离出三种化合物,并通过核磁共振(NMR)和质谱鉴定。这三种化合物都是由除虫菊素I和II产生的。这三种化合物都是酸和醇部分氧化的结果,分子的主要结构保持完整。
... Within 48 hr of oral admin of (14)C-pyrethrin II to rats, 53% of the (14)C was recovered as exhaled carbon dioxide ... . The ... (14)C recovered from urine ... /was/ 7% ... some of the orally admin material is excreted in feces, at least partially in metabolized form. Three compounds have been isolated from urine & identified by NMR & mass spectra. All three are produced by ... pyrethrin I & II. All three are the result of oxidation of ... the acid & alcoholic moieties leaving the main structure of the molecule intact.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
口服放射性标记的除虫菊素I或除虫菊素II给大鼠后,产生了几个尿液代谢物。每一个代谢物都含有一个trans-2-羧基丙-1-烯基侧链,这是由除虫菊酸异丁烯基团的氧化或除虫菊酸甲氧基羰基团的水解产生的。此外,除虫菊素I和除虫菊素II的cis-2',4'-戊二烯基侧链在戊-2,4-二烯基团被氧化,产生了cis-4',5'-二羟基戊-2'-烯基团,这个二醇的4'共轭物,或者是一个trans-2',5'-二羟基戊-3'-烯基团。
The oral administration of radio-labelled pyrethrin I, or pyrethrin II, to rats produced several urinary metabolites. Each contained a trans-2-carboxyprop-1-enyl side chain resulting from oxidation of the chrysanthemate isobutenyl group or hydrolysis of the pyrethrate methoxy-carbonyl group. Also, the cis-2',4'-pentadienyl side chain of pyrethrin I and pyrethrin II was oxidized at the penta-2,4-dienyl group to give a cis-4',5'-dihydroxypent-2'-enyl group, a 4' conjugate of this diol, or a trans-2',5'-dihydroxypent-3'-enyl group.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
代谢
The 2-甲基丙烯基团 of (S)-生物丙烯菊酯 (A) 和戊二烯基团 of 菊酯II被m-氯过氧苯甲酸在二氯甲烷中选择性氧化,从A得到7,8-环氧物(1),从菊酯II得到8',9'-和10',11'-环氧物的混合物(7和8)。这些环氧物在水酸中被水化成相应的二醇,其他由环丙基环开环或邻近双键迁移产生的羟基衍生物。通过二维核磁共振技术鉴定环氧和羟基衍生物。小鼠肝酶不能明显水化环氧物1,但能迅速水化环氧物7和8,而双键不迁移。对菊酯I和II的微粒体代谢物的高效液相色谱分析确定10',11'-二醇为主要代谢物,8',9'-二醇为次要产物。
The 2-methylpropenyl group of (S)-bioallethrin (A) and the pentadienyl group of pyrethrin II are selectively oxidized by m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid in dichloromethane to yield the 7,8-epoxide (1) from A and a mixture of the 8',9'- and 10',11'-epoxides (7 and 8) from pyrethrin II. These epoxides are hydrated in aqueous acid to the corresponding diols and other hydroxy derivatives produced by opening of the cycloprophyl ring or migration of the adjacent double bond. The epoxy and hydroxy derivatives are identified by two dimensional NMR techniques. Mouse liver enzymes do not detectably hydrate epoxide 1 but quickly hydrate epoxides 7 and 8 without migration of the double bond. HPLC analyses of the microsomal metabolites of pyrethrins I and II identify the 10',11'-diols as major metabolites and the 8',9'-diols as minor products.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 致癌性证据
癌症分类:有致癌性的提示性证据,但不足以评估对人类致癌的可能性/除虫菊酯/
Cancer Classification: Suggestive Evidence of Carcinogenicity but Not Sufficient to Assess Human Carcinogenic Potential /Pyrethrins/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
胡椒基丁醚通过抑制负责在节肢动物中代谢除虫菊酯的水解酶,从而增强除虫菊酯的杀虫活性。当胡椒基丁醚与除虫菊酯结合时,后者的杀虫活性可增加2-12倍。
Piperonyl butoxide potentiates /insecticidal activity/ of pyrethrins by inhibiting the hydrolytic enzymes responsible for pyrethrins' metabolism in arthropods. When piperonyl butoxide is combined with pyrethrins, the insecticidal activity of the latter drug is increased 2-12 times /Pyrethrins/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
在1000 ppm杀虫剂和10000 ppm氧化胡椒基丁的饮食水平下...在大鼠肝细胞中/肥大、边缘化和细胞质包涵体/仅在8天内就得到了很好的发展,但是...并没有达到最大。变化与剂量成正比,并且与DDT产生的变化相似。这两种...的效果是叠加的。/杀虫剂/
At dietary level of 1000 ppm pyrethrins & 10000 ppm piperonyl butoxide ... /enlargement, margination, & cytoplasmic inclusions in liver cells of rats/ were well developed in only 8 days, but ... were not maximal. Changes were proportional to dosage & similar to those produced by DDT. Effects of the 2 ... were additive. /Pyrethrins/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
没有证据表明增效剂会增加拟除虫菊酯对哺乳动物的毒性。
There is no evidence that synergists incr toxicity of the pyrethrins to mammals. /pyrethrins/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
  • 相互作用
抗氧化剂曾用于帮助保护拟除虫菊酯残留,包括微量的焦儿茶酚、焦酚和氢醌;1-苯基偶氮-2-萘酚用于防止阳光的影响。
Antioxidants used to help protect insecticidal residues of pyrethrins include minute concn of pyrocatechol, pyrogallol, & hydroquinone; 1-benzene-azo-2-naphthol is used to protect against the effects of sunlight.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
拟除虫菊酯经口服给药后从胃肠道被吸收。在给予雄性大鼠3毫克/公斤口服的实验中,几乎完全吸收并在100小时内代谢完毕。尿液中没有检测到拟除虫菊酯,尽管存在大量的代谢物。在粪便中,观察到了少量未变化的拟除虫菊酯,同样伴随着代谢物。
Pyrethrins are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract following oral administration. Studies in male rats receiving 3 mg/kg orally resulted in almost complete absorption and metabolism within 100 hours. No pyrethrin was observed in urine, although substantial quantities of metabolites were present. In feces, small quantities of the parent pyrethrin were observed, again accompanied by metabolites.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
拟除虫菊酯通过完整皮肤局部应用时可以被吸收。当动物接触到含有增效剂胡椒基丁氧基的拟除虫菊酯气溶胶时,这种组合很少或没有系统性吸收。/拟除虫菊酯/
Pyrethrins are absorbed through intact skin when applied topically. When animals were exposed to aerosols of pyrethrins with piperonyl butoxide being released into the air, little or none of the combination was systemically absorbed. /Pyrethrins/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
拟除虫菊酯或其代谢物未被已知储存在体内或在乳汁中排出...
The pyrethrins or their metabolites are not known to be stored in the body or to be excreted in the milk...
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
在给大鼠口服II型拟除虫菊酯单次剂量后,53%的给药剂量以二氧化碳形式出现,7%出现在尿液中。在给予等效剂量的I型拟除虫菊酯后,0.3%的剂量以二氧化碳形式计算,46%的剂量通过尿液排出。
Following a single oral pyrethrin II dose to rats, 53% of the admin dose appeared as CO2 & 7% appeared in urine. After an equivalent dose of pyrethrin I, 0.3% could be accounted for as CO2 & 46% of the dose was eliminated in urine.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(b)
  • 危险品标志:
    Xn,N
  • 安全说明:
    S13,S60,S61
  • 危险类别码:
    R20/21/22
  • 海关编码:
    29183000
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2902
  • 包装等级:
    III
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(b)

SDS

SDS:8cdefc86020b582bd7c45894c9ab1661
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制备方法与用途

根据提供的信息,可以总结除虫菊素的几个关键点:

  1. 除虫菊素主要存在于白花除虫菊花中,含量约为0.9-1.3%。

  2. 生产方法:

    • 可用石油醚回流萃取、浓缩、脱蜡和脱色等步骤精制得到高纯度产品。
    • 或者使用混合溶剂抽提,如甲醇/煤油、石油醚/乙腈等。
  3. 除虫菊素为神经毒剂,见光易分解。应避免阳光直射和高温保存。

  4. 毒性:接触皮肤会引起刺痛感;大量摄入可引起全身症状如头痛、恶心等。

  5. 主要用途:

    • 生产气雾杀虫剂
    • 制作蚊香
    • 制造动物香波
    • 用于绿色农药
  6. 注意事项:

    • 避免与碱性农药混用
    • 施药时应尽量让药剂接触害虫
  7. 使用方法:

    • 按照不同害虫类型选择合适的稀释倍数和施药时间
    • 喷洒在傍晚效果更好
  8. 急救:无特殊解毒剂,主要对症治疗。

上下游信息

  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    除虫菊素L-Selectride 作用下, 以 四氢呋喃 为溶剂, 反应 1.0h, 以20%的产率得到(1S,4R)-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-((2Z)-penta-2,4-dien-1-yl)cyclopent-2-en-1-yl (1R,3R)-3-((E)-3-methoxy-2-methyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylate
    参考文献:
    名称:
    天然菊酯的还原化学和还原的菊酯的初步杀虫活性
    摘要:
    天然提取物除虫菊是从艾叶艾那草提取的杀虫油。广泛用于家庭和农业农药。提取物的主要成分是菊酯,这是一种六酯,可为除虫菊提供杀虫特性。这些除虫菊酯很容易通过几种环境手段降解,因此,在除虫菊基杀虫剂的加工和长期储存过程中,除虫菊酯会大量损失。这项工作试图通过化学去除氧化敏感性官能团来追求稳定的菊酯来减轻这些降解过程的影响。产生了几种还原的除虫菊酯类似物,并开发了一种方法,可以将除虫菊浓缩物中存在的更敏感的除虫菊酯与过量还原的四氢菊酯混合,将其转变为各自更稳定的茉莉素对应物。Lucilia cuprina幼虫,而一些异构化的类似物显示与单个天然除虫菊酯可比的效力。这项工作揭示了这一独特杀虫剂类中的结构-活性关系的新见解。
    DOI:
    10.1071/ch20302
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    菊酸乙酯四氢吡咯N-甲基咪唑sodium chloritesodium dihydrogenphosphate2-甲基-2-丁烯(S)-(-)-1-(1-萘基)乙胺 、 sodium hydride 、 potassium carbonate臭氧N,N-二异丙基乙胺对甲苯磺酰氯 、 potassium hydroxide 作用下, 以 甲醇5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene乙醇正己烷甲苯乙腈 、 mineral oil 、 叔丁醇 为溶剂, 反应 49.5h, 生成 除虫菊素
    参考文献:
    名称:
    全部六种手性天然菊酯的总合成:物理性质,杀虫活性的准确测定以及合成方法的评估。
    摘要:
    菊花(解热丝)花中所含的全部六个杀虫性天然除虫菊酯(三个除虫菊酯I和三个除虫菊酯II化合物)的手性总合成。合成了三种常见的醇成分[(S)-香气酮,(S)-茉莉香酮和(S)-吡咯烷酮]:(i)使用可用的(S)-4-羟基-3-甲基的直接Sonogashira型交叉偶联剂(S)-苯环戊酮(总产率52%,ee 98%)和(S)-吡咯烷酮(总产率54%) 98%ee)和(ii)(S)-茉莉醇酮的传统脱羧-醛醇缩合和脂肪酶催化的光学拆分(总收率16%,ee为96%)。制备了两个反酸链段[(1R,3R)-菊酸(A)和(1R,3R)-第二菊酸前体(B)]:(i)C(1)-(±)-菊苣酸酯的差向异构化,并使用(S)-萘乙胺进行光学拆分,得到A(96%ee),以及(ii)A简化为B的衍生化(96%ee)。使用易得的酯化试剂(TsCl / N-甲基咪唑)成功合成了全部六个除虫菊酯(cinerin I / II,茉莉素I
    DOI:
    10.1021/acs.joc.9b02767
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文献信息

  • [EN] MICROBIOCIDAL OXADIAZOLE DERIVATIVES<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS D'OXADIAZOLE MICROBIOCIDES
    申请人:SYNGENTA PARTICIPATIONS AG
    公开号:WO2017157962A1
    公开(公告)日:2017-09-21
    Compounds of the formula (I) wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, useful as a pesticides, especially fungicides.
    式(I)的化合物,其中取代基如权利要求1所定义,作为杀虫剂特别是杀菌剂有用。
  • Thieno-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity
    申请人:Brewster Kirkland William
    公开号:US20070093498A1
    公开(公告)日:2007-04-26
    The present invention relates to thieno[2,3-d]-pyrimidine compounds having fungicidal activity.
    本发明涉及具有杀真菌活性的噻吩[2,3-d]-嘧啶化合物。
  • Novel insecticides
    申请人:Syngenta Participations AG
    公开号:EP2540718A1
    公开(公告)日:2013-01-02
    Compounds of formula I wherein the substituents are as defined in claim 1, and the agrochemically acceptable salts and all stereoisomers and tautomeric forms of the compounds of formula I can be used as insecticides and can be prepared in a manner known per se.
    式I的化合物 其中取代基如权利要求1所定义,并且式I化合物的农药可接受盐以及所有立体异构体和互变异构形式可用作杀虫剂,并且可以按照已知的方法制备。
  • Molecules having pesticidal utility, and intermediates, compositions, and processes, related thereto
    申请人:Dow AgroSciences LLC
    公开号:US20180279612A1
    公开(公告)日:2018-10-04
    This disclosure relates to the field of molecules having pesticidal utility against pests in Phyla Arthropoda, Mollusca, and Nematoda, processes to produce such molecules, intermediates used in such processes, pesticidal compositions containing such molecules, and processes of using such pesticidal compositions against such pests. These pesticidal compositions may be used, for example, as acaricides, insecticides, miticides, molluscicides, and nematicides. This document discloses molecules having the following formula (“Formula One”).
    这份披露涉及具有对节肢动物门、软体动物门和线虫门害虫具有杀虫效用的分子领域,用于生产此类分子的过程,用于此类过程的中间体,含有此类分子的杀虫组合物,以及使用此类杀虫组合物对抗此类害虫的过程。这些杀虫组合物可以用作螨虫剂、杀虫剂、螨虫剂、软体动物杀虫剂和线虫杀虫剂。本文件披露了具有以下式(“式一”)的分子。
  • ANTHELMINTIC COMPOUNDS AND COMPOSITIONS AND METHOD OF USING THEREOF
    申请人:Meng Charles Q.
    公开号:US20140142114A1
    公开(公告)日:2014-05-22
    The present invention relates to novel anthelmintic compounds of formula (I) below: wherein Y and Z are independently a bicyclic carbocyclic or a bicyclic heterocyclic group, or one of Y or Z is a bicyclic carbocyclic or a bicyclic heterocyclic group and the other of Y or Z is alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, heterocyclyl or heteroaryl, and variables X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 , X 5 , X 6 , X 7 and X 8 are as defined herein. The invention also provides for veterinary compositions comprising the anthelmintic compounds of the invention, and their uses for the treatment and prevention of parasitic infections in animals.
    本发明涉及以下式(I)的新型驱虫化合物: 其中 Y和Z分别是双环碳环或双环杂环基团,或者Y或Z中的一个是双环碳环或双环杂环基团,另一个是烷基,烯基,炔基,环烷基,苯基,杂环基或杂芳基,以及变量X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 ,X 4 ,X 5 ,X 6 ,X 7 和X 8 如本文所定义。本发明还提供了包含本发明的驱虫化合物的兽药组合物,以及它们用于治疗和预防动物寄生虫感染的用途。
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