Dynamic Ligand Exchange of the Lanthanide Complex Leading to Structural and Functional Transformation: One-Pot Sequential Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation-Regioselective Epoxide-Opening Process
摘要:
The characteristic property of the lanthanide complex, which easily undergoes a dynamic ligand exchange and alters its structure and function in situ, is described. After the completion of the catalytic asymmetric epoxidation of various a,beta-unsaturated amides 2 in the presence of the Sm-(S)-BINOL-Ph3As=O (1:1:1) complex 1 (2-10 mol %), the addition of Me3SiN3 directly to the reaction mixture led to smooth epoxide-opening at room temperature, affording the corresponding anti-beta-azido-alpha-hydroxyamide 4 in excellent overall yield (up to 99%) with complete regioselectivity and excellent enantiomeric excess (up to >99%). The key to the success of the sequential process was the in situ generation of the highly reactive samarium azide complex through dynamic ligand exchange. In situ IR spectroscopy and other experiments provided strong evidence that the samariurn azide complex was generated. In addition, the relatively high Lewis basicity of the amide moiety had a key role in the high reactivity of both the epoxidation and the epoxide-opening reactions. Examinations of other nucleophiles such as sulfur or carbon nucleophiles as well as transformations of epoxide-opened products are also described.
Synthesis of piplartine analogs and preliminary findings on structure–antimicrobial activity relationship
摘要:
In this work it is described the synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial and toxicity evaluation of a series of analogs of piplartine, a piperamide found in Piper sp. The compounds structures were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy, H-1, C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance, high resolution mass spectroscopy and were evaluated against strains of Candida spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Derivative 24 was almost four-fold more potent (IC50: 48.83 mu M) and five-fold less toxic (SI > 3) than piplartine (IC50: 189.2 mu M; SI: 0.21) against Candida krusei, as well as two-fold more potent than fluconazole (IC50: 104.48 mu M). This compound was also active against Candida tropicalis at 97.67 mu M. Benzoyl derivative 17 was three-fold more potent (IC50: 85.2 mu M) and more than five-fold less toxic (CC50: 231.71 mu M) than piplartine (IC50: 315.33 mu M and CC50: 41.14 mu M) against Staphylococcus aureus. Given these findings, we have found analogs of piplartine which can be assumed as prototypes for the optimization and the development of new antimicrobial (compounds 24 and 17) agents.
the selectivity by preventing or reducing the rates of Z- to E-product isomerization. Close reaction monitoring enables isolation of the Z-alkenes with high selectivities. The computational results suggest that the reactions could be highly Z-selective owing to the stereoselective formation of the E-P-hydroxyphosphorane intermediate.
Some condensation reactions between aromatic aldehydes and 1,1-bisdialkylaminoalkenes and related compounds
作者:D. H. R. Barton、G. Hewitt、P. G. Sammes
DOI:10.1039/j39690000016
日期:——
Condensation of 1,1-bisdialkylaminoethenes with aromatic aldehydes gives the corresponding trans-cinnamoyl amides in fair yield. Salicylaldehyde affords coumarin. 1,1-Bisdialkylamino-1,3-dienes and aromatic aldehydes produce 5-arylpenta-cis-2,trans-4-dienoyl dialkylamides. The mechanisms of these reactions have been explored. Some related condensations using 1-alkoxy-1-dialkylaminoethenes and 1-al
CrCl<sub>2</sub>-Promoted Stereospecific and Stereoselective Alkyl- and Silylcyclopropanation of α,β-Unsaturated Amides
作者:José M. Concellón、Humberto Rodríguez-Solla、Carmen Méjica、Elena G. Blanco、Santiago García-Granda、M. Rosario Díaz
DOI:10.1021/jo800103t
日期:2008.5.1
An efficient chromium-promoted alkyl- or silylcyclopropanation of α,β-unsaturated amides is described. These reactions can be carried out on (E)- or (Z)-α,β-enamides in which the C−C double bond is di-, or trisubstituted. This process takes place with totalstereospecificity and the new stereogenic center is generated with high or total stereoselectivity. Some synthetic applications of the obtained
A Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral Glycidic Acid Derivatives through Chiral Dioxirane-Mediated Catalytic Asymmetric Epoxidation of Cinnamic Acid Derivatives
作者:Ritsuo Imashiro、Masahiko Seki
DOI:10.1021/jo049893u
日期:2004.6.1
A novel and practical asymmetricsynthesis of chiral glycidic acid derivatives involving methyl (2R,3S)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)glycidate ((2R,3S)-2a), a key intermediate for diltiazem hydrochloride (1), was developed. Treatment of methyl (E)-4-methoxycinnamate ((E)-3a) with chiral dioxirane, generated in situ from a catalytic amount (5 mol %) of an 11-membered C2-symmetric binaphthyl ketone (R)-7a, provided
Cobalt-Catalyzed Reductive Carboxylation of α,β-Unsaturated Compounds with Carbon Dioxide
作者:Chika Hayashi、Takuo Hayashi、Tohru Yamada
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.20150043
日期:2015.6.15
The gaseous carbon dioxide incorporation reaction with α,β-unsaturated compounds was examined in the presence of a catalytic amount of bis(acetylacetonato)cobalt(II) and using diethylzinc as a redu...
在催化量的双(乙酰丙酮)钴 (II) 存在下,并使用二乙基锌作为还原剂,研究了气态二氧化碳与 α,β-不饱和化合物的掺入反应。