Homobivalent Ligands of the Atypical Antipsychotic Clozapine: Design, Synthesis, and Pharmacological Evaluation
摘要:
To date all typical and atypical antipsychotics target the dopamine D-2 receptor. Clozapine represents the best-characterized atypical antipsychotic, although it displays only moderate (submicromolar) affinity for the dopamine D-2 receptor. Herein, we present the design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of three series of homobivalent ligands of clozapine, differing in the length and nature of the spacer and the point of attachment to the pharmacophore. Attachment of the spacer at the N4' position of clozapine yielded a series of homobivalent ligands that displayed spacer-length-dependent gains in affinity and activity for the dopamine D-2 receptor. The 16 and 18 atom spacer bivalent ligands were the highlight compounds, displaying marked low nanomolar receptor binding affinity (1.41 and 1.35 nM, respectively) and functional activity (23 and 44 nM), which correspond to significant gains in affinity (75- and 79-fold) and activity (9- and 5-fold) relative to the original pharmacophore, clozapine. As such these ligands represent useful tools with which to investigate dopamine receptor dimerization and the atypical nature of clozapine.
[EN] RODENTICIDAL NORBORMIDE ANALOGUES<br/>[FR] ANALOGUES DE NORBORMIDE RODENTICIDE
申请人:LANDCARE RES NEW ZEALAND LTD
公开号:WO2013133726A1
公开(公告)日:2013-09-12
The present invention relates to norbormide analogues having rodenticidal activity; rodenticidal compositions comprising the analogues; uses of the analogues as rodenticides; uses of the analogues in the manufacture of rodenticidal compositions; and methods for controlling rodents using the compositions.
CONJUGATE-BASED ANTIFUNGAL AND ANTIBACTERIAL PRODRUGS
申请人:Bapat Abhijit S.
公开号:US20140364595A1
公开(公告)日:2014-12-11
The invention provides conjugate-based antifungal or antibacterial prodrugs formed by coupling at least one anti-fungal agent or antibacterial agent with at least one linker and/or carrier. The prodrugs are of formula: (i) (AFA)
m
-X-(L)
n
; (ii) [(AFA)
m′
-X]
p
-L; (iii) AFA-[X-(L)
n′
]
q
; or (iv) (AFA)
m″
-X, wherein: AFA is an antifungal agent or an antibacterial agent; L is a carrier; X is a linker; m ranges from 1 to 10; n ranges from 2 to 10; m′ is 1 to 10; p is 1 to 10; n′ is 1 to 10; and q is 1 to 10, provided that q′ and n are not both 1; and m″ is 1 to 10. The invention also provides nanoparticles comprising the conjugate-based prodrugs. Additionally, the invention also provides non-conjugated antifungal and antibacterial agents in the form of nanoparticles.
该发明提供了由至少一种抗真菌剂或抗菌剂与至少一种连接剂和/或载体偶联形成的基于共轭的抗真菌或抗菌前药。这些前药的公式为:(i) (AFA)
m
-X-(L)
n
; (ii) [(AFA)
m′
-X]
p
-L; (iii) AFA-[X-(L)
n′
]
q
; 或 (iv) (AFA)
m″
-X,其中:AFA是抗真菌剂或抗菌剂;L是载体;X是连接剂;m范围从1到10;n范围从2到10;m′为1到10;p为1到10;n′为1到10;q为1到10,前提是q'和n不同时为1;m″为1到10。该发明还提供了包含基于共轭的前药的纳米粒子。此外,该发明还提供了以纳米粒子形式的非共轭抗真菌和抗菌剂。
Prodrugs of N-dicarboximide derivatives of the rat selective toxicant norbormide
作者:David Rennison、Olivia Laita、Daniel Conole、Morgan Jay-Smith、Jan Knauf、Sergio Bova、Maurizio Cavalli、Brian Hopkins、Darwin S. Linthicum、Margaret A. Brimble
DOI:10.1016/j.bmc.2013.06.071
日期:2013.9
Norbormide [5-(α-hydroxy-α-2-pyridylbenzyl)-7-(α-2-pyridylbenzylidene)-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboximide] (NRB), an existing but infrequently used rodenticide, is known to be uniquely toxic to rats but relatively harmless to other rodents and mammals. However, one major drawback of NRB as a viable rodenticide relates to an evolutionary aversion developed by the rat leading to sub-lethal dosing due to
Synthesis of Macrocyclic Dilactones through Lipases
作者:Mª Pilar Bosch、Angel Guerrero
DOI:10.1055/s-2005-917099
日期:——
We report herein a selective and efficient method to prepare macrocyclic dilactones in good yields from diols and succinicanhydride through a biocatalytic condensation reaction.
我们在此报告了一种通过生物催化缩合反应从二醇和琥珀酸酐以良好收率制备大环双内酯的选择性和有效方法。
COSMETIC OR DERMATOLOGICAL COMPOSITION COMPRISING A POLYMER BEARING JUNCTION GROUPS, AND COSMETIC TREATMENT PROCESS
申请人:Chodorowski-Kimmes Sandrine
公开号:US20100239509A1
公开(公告)日:2010-09-23
The present patent application relates to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising, in a cosmetically or dermatologically acceptable medium, a polymer comprising:
(a) a polymer backbone that may be obtained by reaction:
of a polyol comprising 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups;
of a monocarboxylic acid containing 6 to 32 carbon atoms;
of a polycarboxylic acid comprising at least two carboxylic groups COOH, and/or of a cyclic anhydride such as a polycarboxylic acid and/or of a lactone comprising at least one carboxylic group COOH; and
(b) at least one junction group linked to the said polymer backbone and capable of establishing H bonds with one or more partner junction groups, each pairing of a junction group involving at least three H (hydrogen) bonds.
The patent application also concerns a cosmetic treatment process using the said composition.