Bioorthogonal chemistry capable of operating in live animals is needed to investigate biological processes such as cell death and immunity. Recent studies have identified a gasdermin family of pore-forming proteins that executes inflammasome-dependent and -independent pyroptosis1â5. Pyroptosis is proinflammatory, but its effect on antitumour immunity is unknown. Here we establish a bioorthogonal chemical system, in which a cancer-imaging probe phenylalanine trifluoroborate (Phe-BF3) that can enter cells desilylates and âcleavesâ a designed linker that contains a silyl ether. This system enabled the controlled release of a drug from an antibodyâdrug conjugate in mice. When combined with nanoparticle-mediated delivery, desilylation catalysed by Phe-BF3 could release a client proteinâincluding an active gasderminâfrom a nanoparticle conjugate, selectively into tumour cells in mice. We applied this bioorthogonal system to gasdermin, which revealed that pyroptosis of less than 15% of tumour cells was sufficient to clear the entire 4T1 mammary tumour graft. The tumour regression was absent in immune-deficient mice or upon T cell depletion, and was correlated with augmented antitumour immune responses. The injection of a reduced, ineffective dose of nanoparticle-conjugated gasdermin along with Phe-BF3 sensitized 4T1 tumours to anti-PD1 therapy. Our bioorthogonal system based on Phe-BF3 desilylation is therefore a powerful tool for chemical biology; our application of this system suggests that pyroptosis-induced inflammation triggers robust antitumour immunity and can synergize with checkpoint blockade. In mouse models of cancer, a biorthogonal chemical system based on desilylation catalysed by phenylalanine trifluoroborate enables the controlled release of gasdermin to induce pyroptosis selectively in tumour cells
研究
细胞死亡和免疫等
生物过程需要能够在活体动物体内运行的
生物正交
化学。最近的研究发现了一种气孔形成蛋白(gasdermin)家族,它可以执行依赖于炎症体和不依赖于炎症体的热蛋白沉积1â5。裂解酶具有促炎作用,但其对抗肿瘤免疫的影响尚不清楚。在这里,我们建立了一个
生物正交
化学系统,在这个系统中,癌症成像探针三
氟硼酸苯丙
氨酸(Phe-
BF3)可以进入细胞脱
硅,并 "清除 "设计的含有
硅基醚的连接体。该系统能在小鼠体内控制
抗体药物共轭物中药物的释放。当与纳米颗粒介导的递送相结合时,由Phe- 催化的脱
硅作用可将客户蛋白(包括活性气敏)从纳米颗粒共轭物中释放出来,选择性地进入小鼠体内的肿瘤细胞。我们将这一
生物正交系统应用于gasdermin,结果表明,不到15%的肿瘤细胞的热解足以清除整个4T1乳腺肿瘤移植物。在免疫缺陷小鼠体内或在 T 细胞耗竭的情况下,肿瘤不会消退,这与抗肿瘤免疫反应的增强有关。在注射 Phe- 的同时注射低剂量、无效的纳米颗粒结合物 gasdermin,可使 4T1 肿瘤对抗 PD1 治疗敏感。因此,我们基于 Phe- 脱
硅作用的
生物正交系统是一种强大的
化学生物学工具;我们对这一系统的应用表明,热蛋白沉积诱导的炎症会引发强大的抗肿瘤免疫力,并能与检查点阻断产生协同作用。在癌症小鼠模型中,基于三
氟硼酸苯丙
氨酸催化的脱
硅作用的
生物对偶
化学系统能够控制释放 gasdermin,从而有选择性地诱导肿瘤细胞发生热蛋白沉积。