Novel omega-oxygenated vitamin K(2) analogues were efficiently synthesized and their biological activities were evaluated. Some were biologicallyactive and the side-chain played an important role in gamma-carboxylation and apoptosis-inducing activity. The results provide useful information on the structure-activity relationship of vitamin K(2) analogues for the development of new drugs.
We synthesized new vitamin K2 analogues with ω-terminal modifications of the side chain and evaluated their selective differentiation of neuronalprogenitorcells into neurons in vitro. The result of the assay showed that the menaquinone-3 analogue modified with the m-methylphenyl group had the most potent activity, which was twice as great as the control. This finding indicated that it is possible
Synthesis of novel vitamin K derivatives with alkylated phenyl groups introduced at the ω-terminal side chain and evaluation of their neural differentiation activities
for steroid and xenobiotic receptors, protection of neuronal cells from oxidative stress, and so on. From this background, we focused on the role of menaquinone in the differentiation activity of progenitor cells into neuronal cells and we synthesized novel vitamin K derivatives with modification of the ω-terminal side chain. We report here new vitamin K analogues, which introduced an alkylated phenyl
Synthesis of Novel Vitamin K<sub>2</sub> Analogues with Modification at the ω-Terminal Position and Their Biological Evaluation as Potent Steroid and Xenobiotic Receptor (SXR) Agonists
Vitamin K-2 is a ligand for a nuclear receptor, steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR), that induces the gene expressions of CYP3A4. We synthesized vitamin K-2 analogues with hydroxyl or phenyl groups at the omega-terminal of the side chain. The up-regulation of SXR-mediated transcription of the target gene by the analogues was dependent on the length of the side chain and the hydrophobicity of the omega-terminal residues. Phenyl analogue menaquinone-3 was as active as the known SXR ligand rifampicin.
Efficient synthesis and biological evaluation of ω-oxygenated analogues of vitamin K2: Study of modification and structure–activity relationship of vitamin K2 metabolites
Novel omega-oxygenated vitamin K-2 analogues, which are candidates for metabolites of vitamin K-2 homologues, were efficiently synthesized and their apoptosis-inducing activity was evaluated. We revealed that some of those analogues were biologically active and the side-chain part played an important role in apoptosis-inducing activity. Our results can provide useful information to develop the structure-activity relationship of vitamin K-2 analogues for new drugs based on vitamin K. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.