Dimethylethylamine, [liquid] appears as a clear colorless liquid with a strong odor that can vary from ammonia-like to fishlike. Vapors irritate the eyes and mucous membranes. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used in the manufacture of other chemicals.
颜色/状态：
Liquid
溶解度：
In water, 3.45X10+5 mg/L at 25 °C (est)
蒸汽压力：
3.52X10+2 mm Hg at 25 °C (est)
气味阈值：
Odor threshold measurements on 16 aliphatic amines were made with panels of specific anosmic & normal observers. The anosmia was most pronounced with low-mol-wt tertiary amines, but was also observed with lesser degree with primary & secondary amines.
... During 8 hr, four healthy volunteers were exposed to four different N,N-dimethylethylamine air concentrations (10, 20, 40 and 50 mg/cu m; 20 mg/cu m, two subjects only). N,N-dimethylethylamine was biotransformed into dimethylethylamine N-oxide (DMEAO). On average, DMEAO, accounted for 90% of the combined amount of N,N-dimethylethylamine and DMEAO excreted into the urine. The half-lives of N,N-dimethylethylamine and DMEAO in plasma were 1.3 and 3.0 hr, respectively. The urinary excretion of N,N-dimethylethylamine and DMEAO followed a two-phase pattern. The half-lives in the first phase were 1.5 hr for N,N-dimethylethylamine and 2.5 hr for DMEAO. In the second phase, which started about 9 hr after the end of exposure, half-lives of 7 hr for N,N-dimethylethylamine and 8 hr for DMEAO were recorded. The combined concentration of N,N-dimethylethylamine and DMEAO, in both plasma and urine, showed an excellent correlation with the air concentration of N,N-dimethylethylamine. Thus, both urinary excretion and plasma concentration can be used for biological monitoring of exposure to N,N-dimethylethylamine. An 8-hr exposure to 10 mg N,N-dimethylethylamine/cu m corresponds to a postexposure plasma concentration and 2-hr postexposure urinary excretion of 4.9 umol/L and 75 mmol/mol creatinine, respectively.
In /mould core manufacturing/ workers exposed to 0.003 - 0.007 mg/L, inhaled dimethylethylamine was excreted in urine as the original amine and as its metabolite dimethylethylamine-N-oxide.
In an inhalation study with human volunteers exposed to 10 to 50 mg/cu m (3.3 to 16.7 ppm) of dimethylethylamine over 8 hr, alveolar uptake was 80% to 90%. Most of the substance was eliminated in the urine either as unchanged dimethylethylamine (10%) or as an oxidized metabolite dimethylethylamine-N-oxide (90%).
Dermatotoxin - Skin burns.
Lacrimator (Lachrymator) - A substance that irritates the eyes and induces the flow of tears.
Toxic Pneumonitis - Inflammation of the lungs induced by inhalation of metal fumes or toxic gases and vapors.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
毒理性
毒性数据
大鼠LC50值为2,300-15,400毫克/立方米/小时
LC50 (rat) = 2,300-15,400 mg/m3/1hr
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
The aim was to study the effect of trimethylamine (TMA) on the metabolism of the industrial catalyst N,N-dimethylethylamine to ascertain whether biological monitoring of industrial exposure to N,N-dimethylethylamine is compromised and excretion of the malodorous N,N-dimethylethylamine in sweat and urine is increased by dietary intake of TMA. N,N-dimethylethylamine (0/25 mg) and TMA (0/300/600 mg) were given simultaneously once weekly for six weeks to five healthy volunteers. Plasma was collected before and one hour after the doses, and urine 0-2, 2-4, 4-6, 6-8, and 8-24 hours after the doses. ... Both amines were readily absorbed from the GI tract and excreted in urine within 24 hours (N,N-dimethylethylamine 80%; TMA 86%). Oral intake of TMA increased the N,N-dimethylethylamine content of plasma and urine dose dependently, although there were large individual differences. Plasma and urinary TMA concentrations also increased, but not dose dependently. Moreover, the findings suggested the formation of endogenous TMA, little dealkylation of N,N-dimethylethylamine and TMA, and considerable first-pass metabolism. ... Although intake of TMA reduced N-oxygenation of N,N-dimethylethylamine and TMA, total urinary N,N-dimethylethylamine values (aggregate of N,N-dimethylethylamine and its oxide DMEAO excretion) were unaffected. Thus, monitoring occupational exposure to N,N-dimethylethylamine by analysis of biological specimens is not confounded by dietary intake of TMA, provided that total urinary N,N-dimethylethylamine is monitored. Although the increased urinary and hidrotic excretion of N,N-dimethylethylamine may contribute to body odor problems, they were primarily due to TMA excretion, which is much the greater.
Basic treatment: Establish a patent airway (oropharyngeal or nasopharyngeal airway, if needed). Suction if necessary. Watch for signs of respiratory insufficiency and assist ventilations if necessary. Administer oxygen by nonrebreather mask at 10 to 15 L/min. Monitor for pulmonary edema and treat if necessary ... . Monitor for shock and treat if necessary ... . Anticipate seizures and treat if necessary ... . For eye contamination, flush eyes immediately with water. Irrigate each eye continuously with 0.9% saline (NS) during transport ... . Do not use emetics. For ingestion, rinse mouth and administer 5 mg/kg up to 200 ml of water for dilution if the patent can swallow, has a strong gag reflex, and does not drool. Administer activated charcoal ... . Cover skin burns with dry sterile dressings after decontamination ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/
Advanced treatment: Consider orotracheal or nasotracheal intubation for airway control in the patient who is unconscious, has severe pulmonary edema, or is in severe respiratory distress. Positive-pressure ventilation techniques with a bag-valve-mask device may be beneficial. Consider drug therapy for pulmonary edema ... . Monitor cardiac rhythm and treat arrhythmias as necessary ... . Start IV administration of D5W /SRP: "To keep open", minimal flow rate/. Use 0.9% saline (NS) or lactated Ringer's (LR) if signs of hypovolemia are present. For hypotension with signs of hypovolemia, administer fluid cautiously. If patient is unresponsive to these measures, vasopressors may be helpful. Watch for signs of fluid overload ... . Administer 1% solution methylene blue if patient is symptomatic with severe hypoxia, cyanosis, and cardiac compromise not responding to oxygen. DIRECT PHYSICIAN ORDER ONLY ... . Treat seizures with diazepam or lorazepam ... . Use proparacaine hydrochloride to assist eye irrigation ... . /Organic bases/Amines and related compounds/
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
研究的目的是三方面的：(a) 通过新鲜豚鼠和人体皮肤样本，从水溶液中评估工业催化剂N,N-二甲基乙胺的皮肤吸收情况；(b) 在人体志愿者中以气态形式进行体内评估；以及 (c) 估计这种吸收作为职业危害的相关性。将稀释了的水或等渗盐水溶液中的N,N-二甲基乙胺应用于新鲜的人体或豚鼠皮肤，这些皮肤被安装在带有1.5 mL/hr灌注流体流量的特氟龙流通池中，在48小时内每隔2小时收集一次样本。三名健康的男性志愿者分别将他们的右前臂暴露在每个三种不同水平（250、500和1000 mg/立方米空气）的N,N-二甲基乙胺中，每次暴露4小时（在一个有机玻璃室中）。在每次实验开始后24小时内收集尿液。N,N-二甲基乙胺渗透了豚鼠和人体皮肤。豚鼠皮肤的中位稳态流量和渗透系数（Kp）值分别为0.009 mg/平方厘米 x 小时和0.001 cm/小时，人体皮肤分别为0.017 mg/平方厘米 x 小时和0.003 cm/小时。在三名志愿者中，不同N,N-二甲基乙胺暴露水平（250、500或1000 mg/立方米）的中位摄取量分别为44、64和88微克。所有实验的中位Kp为0.037 cm/小时。作者得出结论，通过皮肤吸收DMEA的重要性远低于同时通过空气道的吸收。因此，尿液中排出的N,N-二甲基乙胺的量对于生物监测目的来说是一个限制性使用的变量。
... The aims of the study were three-fold: to assess the skin uptake of the industrial catalyst N,N-dimethylethylamine (a) in vitro from water solutions by fresh guinea-pig and human skin specimens, (b) in gaseous form in vivo in human volunteers, and (c) to estimate the relevance of the uptake as an occupational hazard. ... N,N-dimethylethylamine, diluted with water or isotonic saline solution was applied to fresh human or guinea-pig skin, mounted in Teflon flow-through cells with a perfusion fluid flow rate of 1.5 mL/hr, samples being collected at 2-hr intervals for 48 hr. Three healthy male volunteers each had their right forearm exposed (in a Plexiglass chamber) for 4 hr to N,N-dimethylethylamine at each of three different levels (250, 500 and 1000 mg/cu m air). Urine was collected up to 24 hr after the start of each experiment. ... N,N-dimethylethylamine penetrated both guinea-pig and human skin. The median steady-state flux and permeability coefficient (Kp) values, were 0.009 mg/sq cm x hr and 0.001 cm/hr, respectively, for guinea-pig skin, and 0.017 mg/sq cm x hr and 0.003 cm/hr, respectively, for human skin. The median uptake in the three volunteers at the different N,N-dimethylethylamine exposure levels (250, 500 or 1000 mg/cu m) was 44, 64 and 88 ug, respectively. The median Kp for all experiments was 0.037 cm/hr. /The authors concluded that/ uptake of DMEA through the skin is of far less importance than simultaneous uptake via the airways. Thus, the amount of N,N-dimethylethylamine excreted in urine is a variable of limited use for the purposes of biological monitoring...
A convergentpairedelectrolysis catalyzed by a B12 complex for the one-pot synthesis of a tertiary amide from organic trichlorides (R-CCl3) has been developed. Various readily available organic trichlorides, such as benzotrichloride and its derivatives, chloroform, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (CFC-113a), and trichloroacetonitrile (CNCCl3), were converted
bond activation of tertiary amines and subsequent aryl thiolation has been explored. A variety of disulfides and series of tertiary amines were efficiently converted into the corresponding α,α-bis(arylthio) aldehydes in moderate to good yields. The reaction proceeded well under transition-metal-free conditions via a C–N activation process.
[EN] PREPARATION OF DIFLUORO CHELATO BORATE SALTS<br/>[FR] PRÉPARATION DE SELS DIFLUORO CHÉLATO BORATES
申请人：BASF SE
公开号：WO2017133979A1
公开（公告）日：2017-08-10
A process for preparing a difluoro chelato borate salt comprising an anion A of formula (I) wherein (I)' is a bidentate radical derived from a 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-diol, from a 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4- dicarboxylic acid or from a 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-hydroxycarboxylic acid by abstracting the two H atoms of pairs of adjacent OH groups of the respective diol, hydroxycarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid; comprising step (i) reacting (a) one or more BF3 sources; (b) a dihydric compound selected from 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-diols, 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-dicarboxylic acids, and 1,2-, 1,3- and 1,4-hydroxycarboxylic acids; (c) one or more second boron sources which do not contain F; and (d) one or more proton acceptors.
Vinylogous nucleophilic catalysis. Tertiary amine promoted hydrolysis of 1-alkene-1-sulfonyl chlorides
作者：James Frederick King、John Henry Hillhouse、Stanisław Skonieczny
DOI：10.1139/v84-339
日期：1984.10.1
We present evidence that the reactions of ethenesulfonyl chloride (1) and trans-1-propene-1-sulfonyl chloride (3) with water in the presence of pyridine, trimethylamine, and a number of other tertiary amines proceed primarily by way of an initial vinylogous substitution reaction to form the cationic sulfene, , which subsequently reacts with water either by addition (and deprotonation) to form the betaine
Bench-Stable Cobalt Pre-Catalysts for Mild Hydrosilative Reduction of Tertiary Amides to Amines and Beyond
作者：Alibek Nurseiit、Jaysan Janabel、Kristina A. Gudun、Aishabibi Kassymbek、Medet Segizbayev、Tulegen M. Seilkhanov、Andrey Y. Khalimon
DOI：10.1002/cctc.201801605
日期：2019.1.23
unsaturated organic molecules, including the normally challenging reduction of amides to amines. With regard to hydrosilative reduction of amides even more effective and activator free catalytic systems can be generated from the bench‐stable, commercially available Co(acac)2 and Co(OAc)2 with dpephos and PPh3 ligands. These systems operate under mild conditions (<100 °C), with many examples of room temperature
