Synthesis of (<i>S</i>)- and (<i>R</i>)-3-Hydroxy-4-butanolide and (2<i>S</i>,4<i>S</i>)-, (2<i>R</i>,4<i>S</i>)-, (2<i>S</i>,4<i>R</i>)-, and (2<i>R</i>,4<i>R</i>)-2-Hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolide and Their Satiety and Hunger Modulating Activities
作者:Osamu Uchikawa、Nobuhisa Okukado、Toshiie Sakata、Koichi Arase、Kenji Terada
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.61.2025
日期:1988.6
Two endogenous γ-lactones, 3-hydroxy-4-butanolide (1) and 2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolide (2) have been identified as substances that enhance, respectively, satiety and hunger by their effects on the feeding behavior and the central neurons of rats. To determine the stereochemistry of the physiologically active isomers, all the stereoisomers of these two lactones were synthesized and their effects on the feeding behavior and humoral factors were assessed by infusion into the rat third cerebroventricle. Among four isomers, (2S,4S)-2-hydroxy-4-hydroxymethyl-4-butanolide (2a) was most effective in elicitating the feeding and caused potent hypoglycemia with hyperinsulinemia. (S)-3-Hydroxy-4-butanolide (1a) suppressed the food intake more potently than the antipode and caused humoral responses reciprocal to those of 2a. From these facts, it was concluded that 1a and 2a are physiologically active forms for conveying intrinsic signals of satiety and hunger to neurons in the hypothalamus.
两种内源性γ-内酯--3-羟基-4-丁内酯(1)和 2-羟基-4-羟甲基-4-丁内酯(2)已被确认为可通过影响大鼠的摄食行为和中枢神经元而分别增强饱腹感和饥饿感的物质。为了确定具有生理活性的异构体的立体化学结构,我们合成了这两种内酯的所有立体异构体,并通过将它们注入大鼠第三脑室来评估它们对摄食行为和体液因素的影响。在四种异构体中,(2S,4S)-2-羟基-4-羟甲基-4-丁内酯(2a)诱导摄食的效果最好,并能引起强效低血糖和高胰岛素血症。(S)-3-羟基-4-丁醇内酯(1a)对食物摄入的抑制作用比反式内酯更强,引起的体液反应与 2a 类似。由此得出结论,1a 和 2a 是向下丘脑神经元传递饱腹感和饥饿感内在信号的生理活性形式。