soluble in water in all proportions; soluble in ethanol, methanol,
paraffin hydrocarbons, aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, ethyl ether, ethyl
acetate, acetone, and mineral oil.
Ethylamine appears as a colorless liquid or a gas (boiling point 62°F) with an odor of ammonia. Flash point less than 0°F. Density of liquid 5.7 lb / gal. Corrosive to the skin and eyes. Vapors are heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Exposure of the closed container to intense heat may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.
颜色/状态:
Colorless gas or water-white liquid (below 62 degrees F) [Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas]
Monoethylamine is less readily metabolized than methylamine, and although a large portion may be destroyed, its nitrogen converted into urea, nearly one-third of the dose may be excreted unchanged by humans when administered as the hydrochloride.
Uremic toxins tend to accumulate in the blood either through dietary excess or through poor filtration by the kidneys. Most uremic toxins are metabolic waste products and are normally excreted in the urine or feces.
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Ethylamine (EA) is a colorless gas or water-white liquid (below 62 degrees F). It is used in resin chemistry; as stabilizer for rubber latex; intermediate for dyestuffs, medicinals; in oil refining; in organic syntheses. EA has been identified as being used in hydraulic fracturing as a crosslinker. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Gas, vapor or liquid of aliphatic amines is highly irritating and can cause serious injuries to eyes or skin. Irritation of the respiratory tract can result in rhinorrhea, coughing, and dyspnea. Laryngospasm and signs of pulmonary edema (shortness of breath, cyanosis, and expectoration) may occur. For most exposed individuals symptoms will clear over several weeks or months. Survivors of severe inhalation injury, especially if chest x-ray and pulmonary function abnormalities are associated, may suffer residual chronic lung disease. In cases of eye contact with liquid aliphatic amines, permanent damage and impairment of vision can result. Ethylamine has been reported to cause adrenal cortical gland necrosis. Of the three adrenal gland areas, medulla, zona glomerulosa, and zona fasciculata/reticularis, the last is most sensitive to toxic injury, which is the case with ethylamine. Sensitivity of endocrine glands to toxic insult occurs in the following decreasing order: adrenal, testis, thyroid, ovary, pancreas, pituitary, and parathyroid. ANIMAL STUDIES: A 70% solution applied to the skin of guinea pigs resulted in prompt skin burns leading to necrosis; when it was held in contact with guinea pigs for 2 hr, there was severe skin irritation with extensive necrosis and deep scarring. When applied to the skin of a rabbit, a small amount of redness was produced, indicating the material to be only mildly irritating to the skin. After an inhalatory experiment in which rats were exposed for four hours to concentrations of 5000-12000 mg/cu m, ethylamine mainly acted on the eyes (swelling and milky look of the cornea, swollen eyes), nose (watery secretion), skin (etching effect on the eyelid), and the lungs (dyspnea). Morphological examination of the animals which died revealed an acute hyperemia in the brain and blood filled spots with border emphysema in the lung. Rabbits exposed 7hr/day, 5days/week for 6 weeks at 50 ppm ethylamine produced irritation of the lungs and eyes. The lung lesions included peribronchitis and pneumonitis with thickening of small blood vessels. The ocular changes involved multiple epithelial erosions and edema of the cornea along with edema of the nictitating membrane. Focal muscular degeneration of the heart was seen in some rabbits. After 14 days feeding experiments with 2.5% with mice and rats, mega mitochondria are induced. Oxidative phosphorylation is not changed and the mega mitochondria formation is reversible. EA was negative in the Salmonella typhimurium assay, Escherichia coli, and produced an increase in sister-chromatid exchanges in Chinese Hamster V79 cells.
Uremic toxins such as ethylamine are actively transported into the kidneys via organic ion transporters (especially OAT3). Increased levels of uremic toxins can stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. This seems to be mediated by the direct binding or inhibition by uremic toxins of the enzyme NADPH oxidase (especially NOX4 which is abundant in the kidneys and heart) (A7868). Reactive oxygen species can induce several different DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) which are involved in the silencing of a protein known as KLOTHO. KLOTHO has been identified as having important roles in anti-aging, mineral metabolism, and vitamin D metabolism. A number of studies have indicated that KLOTHO mRNA and protein levels are reduced during acute or chronic kidney diseases in response to high local levels of reactive oxygen species (A7869).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
致癌物分类
对人类不具有致癌性(未被国际癌症研究机构IARC列名)。
No indication of carcinogenicity to humans (not listed by IARC).
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
健康影响
长期暴露于尿毒症毒素可能会导致多种疾病,包括肾脏损伤、慢性肾病和心血管疾病。
Chronic exposure to uremic toxins can lead to a number of conditions including renal damage, chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease.
来源:Toxin and Toxin Target Database (T3DB)
毒理性
暴露途径
该物质可以通过吸入被身体吸收。
The substance can be absorbed into the body by inhalation.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
吸收、分配和排泄
从肺部排出/未被人改变/。
... Excreted /from the lung/ unchanged by /humans/.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
已确定乙胺是哺乳动物和人类尿液的正常成分。
Ethylamine has been identified as a normal constituent of mammalian and human urine.
Various amines were administered orally in the form of hydrochlorides to study the decomposition mechanisms of these compounds as well as their elimination conditions. The volatile alkyl amine nitrogen was measured daily in the urine. Alkyl amines which were eliminated were isolated as picrolonates and identified by melting point and nitrogen content. Only 1.74% to 1.93% of the administered methylamine was passed in the urine. Up to 32% and 14.9%, respectively, was recovered in the urine following dosing with ethylamine and isobutylamine. Up to 9.5% of administered propylamine was found in the urine and identified as a picrolonate. For dimethylamine and diethylamine, recovery in the urine the following day was 91.5% and 86.2%, respectively. /Amine hydrochlorides/
DISUBSTITUTED TRIFLUOROMETHYL PYRIMIDINONES AND THEIR USE
申请人:BAYER PHARMA AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT
公开号:US20160221965A1
公开(公告)日:2016-08-04
The present application relates to novel 2,5-disubstituted 6-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives, to processes for their preparation, to their use alone or in combinations for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, and to their use for preparing medicaments for the treatment and/or prevention of diseases, in particular for treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular, renal, inflammatory and fibrotic diseases.
[EN] PYRAZOLE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS INHIBITORS OF FAAH<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE PYRAZOLE UTILES COMME INHIBITEURS DE FAAH
申请人:MERCK & CO INC
公开号:WO2009151991A1
公开(公告)日:2009-12-17
The present invention is directed to certain imidazole derivatives which are useful as inhibitors of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase (FAAH). The invention is also concerned with pharmaceutical formulations comprising these compounds as active ingredients and the use of the compounds and their formulations in the treatment of certain disorders, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, skeletomuscular pain, and fibromyalgia, as well as acute pain, migraine, sleep disorder, Alzheimer disease, and Parkinson's disease
Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel dimethylamino chalcone-O-alkylamines derivatives as potential multifunctional agents against Alzheimer’s disease
derivatives was designed and synthesized as multifunctionalagents for the treatment of AD. All the target compounds exhibited significant abilities to inhibit and disaggregate Aβ aggregation, and acted as potential selective AChE inhibitors, biometal chelators and selective MAO-B inhibitors. Among these compounds, compound TM-6 showed the greatest inhibitory activity against self-induced Aβ aggregation (IC50 = 0
Additionen von Organometallverbindungen an die C?N-Bindung
作者:A. Marxer、M. Horvath
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19640470421
日期:——
The addition of organometallic compounds to SCHIFF bases, hydrazones, and oximes was studied. It is shown that, contrary to statements in the literature, hydra-zones and oximes may give rise to the same type of C-alkylation and C-arylation as already known for SCHIFF bases.
[EN] THIOPHENE DERIVATIVES FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISORDERS CAUSED BY IGE<br/>[FR] DÉRIVÉS DE THIOPHÈNE POUR LE TRAITEMENT DE TROUBLES PROVOQUÉS PAR IGE
申请人:UCB BIOPHARMA SRL
公开号:WO2019243550A1
公开(公告)日:2019-12-26
Thiophene derivatives of formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof are provided. These compounds have utility for the treatment or prevention of disorders caused by IgE, such as allergy, type 1 hypersensitivity or familiar sinus inflammation.