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前列地尔 | 745-65-3

中文名称
前列地尔
中文别名
前列腺素E1;列腺素E1;(1R,2R,3R)-3-羟基-2-[(E)-(3S)-3-羟基-1-辛烯基]-5-氧代环戊烷庚酸;PGE1;列腺素 E1;前列地儿;前列腺素1
英文名称
ALPROSTADIL
英文别名
prostaglandin E1;PGE1;7-[(1R,2R,3R)-3-hydroxy-2-[(E,3S)-3-hydroxyoct-1-enyl]-5-oxocyclopentyl]heptanoic acid
前列地尔化学式
CAS
745-65-3
化学式
C20H34O5
mdl
——
分子量
354.487
InChiKey
GMVPRGQOIOIIMI-DWKJAMRDSA-N
BEILSTEIN
——
EINECS
——
  • 物化性质
  • 计算性质
  • ADMET
  • 安全信息
  • SDS
  • 制备方法与用途
  • 上下游信息
  • 反应信息
  • 文献信息
  • 表征谱图
  • 同类化合物
  • 相关功能分类
  • 相关结构分类

物化性质

  • 熔点:
    115-116 °C
  • 比旋光度:
    -64 º (c=1.0, C2H5OH)
  • 沸点:
    407.69°C (rough estimate)
  • 密度:
    1.0458 (rough estimate)
  • 溶解度:
    乙醇:1 mg/mL
  • 物理描述:
    Solid
  • 碰撞截面:
    198.3 Ų [M+Na]+ [CCS Type: DT, Method: single field calibrated with Agilent tune mix (Agilent)]

计算性质

  • 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
    3.2
  • 重原子数:
    25
  • 可旋转键数:
    13
  • 环数:
    1.0
  • sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
    0.8
  • 拓扑面积:
    94.8
  • 氢给体数:
    3
  • 氢受体数:
    5

ADMET

代谢
前列地尔必须持续输注,因为它代谢非常快。在一次通过肺部时,多达80%的循环中的前列地尔可能会被代谢,主要是通过β-和ω-氧化。
Alprostadil must be infused continuously because it is very rapidly metabolized. As much as 80% of the circulating alprostadil may be metabolized in one pass through the lungs, primarily by beta- and omega-oxidation.
来源:DrugBank
毒理性
  • 在妊娠和哺乳期间的影响
◉ 母乳喂养期间使用总结:尽管外源性给药后尚未在人类乳汁中测量到地诺前列酮(前列腺素E2),但它是初乳中的正常成分,少量存在可能有助于保护婴儿的胃肠道。 阴道用地诺前列酮引产似乎对母乳喂养有负面影响。在分娩后前几天口服地诺前列酮可以抑制泌乳。尚不清楚产后阴道或宫颈内给药是否抑制泌乳,但产后在希望母乳喂养的母亲中可能不应使用。到产后一个月时,该药物似乎不再抑制泌乳。 ◉ 对哺乳婴儿的影响:截至修订日期,没有找到相关的已发布信息。 ◉ 对泌乳和母乳的影响:英国威尔士加的夫的一项回顾性队列研究出生记录发现,使用阴道前列腺素引产会使母亲在产后48小时进行母乳喂养的可能性降低11%。首次母亲的子组降低了15%。 一项非随机前瞻性研究比较了自然分娩的妇女和采用地诺前列酮阴道凝胶进行选择性引产的妇女。出院时,两组的纯母乳喂养率相似(分别为88%和89%)。然而,在产后1个月和3个月时,使用地诺前列酮引产的母亲与自然分娩的母亲相比,纯母乳喂养率显著较低。产后1个月和3个月的纯母乳喂养率分别为54%和85%,以及46%和59%。在两个时间点上,诱导分娩的母亲补充和纯配方喂养的比例也更高。 地诺前列酮已被研究用于通过降低血清催乳素浓度来抑制产后泌乳和乳房充血。对催乳素水平、充血和泌乳的影响似乎与剂量和持续时间有关。每日口服3毫克,连续4天或每次0.5毫克,每日三次的剂量无效,而口服8至12毫克,在24至30小时内给药的剂量有效。这些效果似乎仅限于产后前几天;在产后30天给予地诺前列酮对血清催乳素或乳汁产生没有影响。与口服溴隐亭2.5毫克,每12小时一次,连续14天相比,地诺前列酮12毫克口服,分剂给药,持续30小时,与溴隐亭一样有效,但乳房触痛反弹较少。
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Dinoprostone (prostaglandin E2) has not been measured in human milk after exogenous administration, but it is a normal component of breastmilk in small amounts where it may help protect the infant's gastrointestinal tract. Use of vaginal dinoprostone to induce labor appears to have a negative effect on breastfeeding. Given orally in the first few days postpartum, dinoprostone can suppress lactation. Whether postpartum vaginal or endocervical administration suppresses lactation is not known, but it should probably not be used postpartum in mothers who wish to breastfeed. By one month postpartum, the drug appears not to suppress lactation. ◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:Relevant published information was not found as of the revision date. ◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:A retrospective cohort study of birth records in Cardiff, Wales, UK found that the use of vaginal prostaglandins for the induction of labor resulted in an 11% decrease in the likelihood that mothers would be breastfeeding at 48 hours postpartum. The subgroup of first-time mothers had a 15% decrease. A nonrandomized prospective study compared women who had spontaneous deliveries with those who had elective induction using dinoprostone vaginal gel. At hospital discharge, exclusive breastfeeding rates were similar between the two groups (88% and 89%). However, at 1 and 3 months postpartum, exclusive breastfeeding rates were significantly lower in mothers who had dinoprostone induction than in those who delivered spontaneously. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were 54% and 85% at 1 month and 46% and 59% at 3 months postpartum, respectively. Rates of supplemental and exclusive formula feeding were higher in the induced mothers at both time points also. Dinoprostone has been used investigationally to inhibit postpartum lactation and engorgement by reducing serum prolactin concentrations. The effect on prolactin levels, engorgement and lactation appears to be dose and duration related. Oral dosages of 3 mg daily for 4 days or 0.5 mg three times daily were ineffective, whereas oral dosages of 8 to 12 mg over 24 to 30 hours were effective. These effects seem to be limited to the first few days postpartum; dinoprostone had no effect on serum prolactin or milk production when given to women 30 days postpartum. Compared to oral bromocriptine 2.5 mg every 12 hours for 14 days, dinoprostone 12 mg orally in divided doses over 30 hours was as effective as bromocriptine, but resulted in less rebound breast tenderness.
来源:Drugs and Lactation Database (LactMed)
毒理性
  • 蛋白质结合
主要与血浆中的白蛋白(81%结合)和较少程度的α-球蛋白IV-4组分(55%结合)结合。
Bound in plasma primarily to albumin (81% bound) and to a lesser extent alpha-globulin IV-4 fraction (55% bound).
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 吸收
前列地尔片的绝对生物利用度尚未确定。
The absolute bioavailability of alprostadil has not been determined.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
  • 消除途径
前列地尔必须持续输注,因为它代谢非常快。多达80%的循环中的前列地尔可能在一次通过肺部时就被代谢,主要是通过β-和ω-氧化。代谢物主要通过肾脏排出,给药后24小时内排泄基本完成。
Alprostadil must be infused continuously because it is very rapidly metabolized. As much as 80% of the circulating alprostadil may be metabolized in one pass through the lungs, primarily by β- and ω-oxidation. The metabolites are excreted primarily by the kidney, and excretion is essentially complete within 24 hours after administration.
来源:DrugBank

安全信息

  • 危险等级:
    6.1(b)
  • 危险品标志:
    Xn
  • 安全说明:
    S26,S36
  • 危险类别码:
    R22
  • WGK Germany:
    3
  • 海关编码:
    29375000
  • 危险品运输编号:
    UN 2811 6.1/PG 3
  • 危险类别:
    6.1(b)
  • RTECS号:
    GY4569800
  • 包装等级:
    III
  • 危险性防范说明:
    P264,P270,P301+P310+P330,P405,P501
  • 危险性描述:
    H301

SDS

SDS:4da0ba8605e0b55358f50e9e5a782e04
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制备方法与用途

根据提供的信息,前列腺素E1(PGE1)的主要用途和生产方法包括:

主要用途:

  1. 治疗心肌梗塞、心力衰竭、血栓性脉管炎等心血管疾病。
  2. 扩张血管,改善微循环。
  3. 抑制血小板凝集。
  4. 用于引产、催产、肾功能不全等妇产科和泌尿系统疾病。
  5. 治疗肝炎、肝硬化、脑梗塞、糖尿病、阳痿等其他疾病。

生产方法:

  1. 从羊精囊为原料,经酶制备、有机溶剂提取、硅胶柱分离纯化获得PGE粗品。
  2. PGE粗品进一步用硝酸银硅胶柱进行再次纯化,收集PGE1部分。
  3. 将PGE1部分浓缩、溶解后加入水洗脱除银离子,再用乙酸乙酯提取得到成品。
  4. 近年来也有采用γ-亚麻酸甲酯为起始原料的化学-酶促合成方法,总收率约13%-16%。

该药物的主要药理作用包括扩张血管、抑制血小板聚集等。临床上主要用于治疗多种心血管疾病和妇产科相关疾病。生产工艺经过不断改进,以提高产率和纯度。

上下游信息

  • 上游原料
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量
  • 下游产品
    中文名称 英文名称 CAS号 化学式 分子量

反应信息

  • 作为反应物:
    描述:
    前列地尔三苯基膦 作用下, 以 xylene 为溶剂, 反应 36.0h, 生成 PGE2 1,15-lactone
    参考文献:
    名称:
    前列腺素内酯的合成及其生物学活性。
    摘要:
    为了研究这些内部酯的生物学特性并评估其作为前体药物的潜力,大多数初级前列腺素和几种具有重要生物学意义的前列腺素类似物均被转化为1,9-,1,11-或1,15-内酯。相应的开链羟基酸。在每种情况下,关键的内酯化步骤均使用Corey的“双重激活”程序(ω-羟基-2-吡啶硫醇酯的环化)完成。通常,在标准前列腺素测试系统中,1,9-内酯的表现不到母体羟基酸的生物活性的1%。另一方面,1,11-和1,15-内酯基本上与作为抗生育剂的母体羟基酸相同(4天的测定可以留出时间进行体内酶促内酯水解)。1,11和1 15-内酯在急性或体外筛选(例如大鼠血压和沙鼠结肠刺激)中表现出非常低的活性,这些测定更紧密地反映了内酯本身的固有活性。这些结果与所观察到的相对容易的前列腺素内酯的酶水解相一致(大于或等于1.11,大于或等于1.1,大于1.9,大于1.1)。其母体羟基酸可抵抗代谢失活的几种内酯(例如15-甲基,1
    DOI:
    10.1021/jm00362a001
  • 作为产物:
    描述:
    7-[(1R,2R,3R,5S)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxy-2-[(E,3S)-3-[tert-butyl(dimethyl)silyl]oxyoct-1-enyl]-5-hydroxycyclopentyl]heptanoic acid 在 氢氟酸 作用下, 以 乙腈 为溶剂, 反应 6.0h, 以90%的产率得到前列地尔
    参考文献:
    名称:
    The Meyer–Schuster rearrangement: a new synthetic strategy leading to prostaglandins and their drug analogs, Bimatoprost and Latanoprost
    摘要:
    Gold(I) mediated Meyer Schuster rearrangement for the installation of the 'lower' side chain of prostaglandins and their analogs has been developed. This Au-mediated rearrangement, featuring a low catalyst loading and mild reaction conditions, has been demonstrated to be an efficient alternative to the standard Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction in prostaglandin chemistry. Moreover, the present results provide a new synthetic process leading to pharmacologically active prostanoids: Latanoprost and Bimatoprost, that continue to hold key positions in the anti-glaucoma drug market. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
    DOI:
    10.1016/j.tet.2010.07.069
  • 作为试剂:
    描述:
    盐酸哌唑嗪sodium hydroxide 在 ice 、 四磷十氧化物 、 solution 、 乙腈哌唑嗪前列地尔 作用下, 以 为溶剂, 反应 49.17h, 生成 哌唑嗪
    参考文献:
    名称:
    Compounds, compositions and methods for treating erectile dysfunction
    摘要:
    描述了用于治疗勃起功能障碍和阳痿的血管活性化合物。这些化合物是阴离子或带负电的血管活性化或勃起诱导成分(例如前列地尔),与阳离子或带正电的血管活性化或勃起诱导成分(例如普拉索辛)或局部麻醉剂(例如利多卡因)的反应产物。这些成分以酸和碱的形式结合,形成有机盐或离子键合物。这些化合物具有优越的溶解度和功效。发明的化合物与药物载体结合形成组合物,最好包括乳化剂。也可以包括局部麻醉剂和/或雄激素类固醇。发明的组合物也可以包括多种血管活性有机盐化合物。该组合物可以优势地配制和给药,以允许自我调节剂量,同时最小化或预防过量。
    公开号:
    US06365590B1
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文献信息

  • Substituted 1,3-thiazole compounds, their production and use
    申请人:——
    公开号:US20040053973A1
    公开(公告)日:2004-03-18
    (1) A 1,3-thiazole compound of which the 5-position is substituted with a 4-pyridyl group having a substituent including no aromatic group or (2) a 1,3-thiazole compound of which the 5-position is substituted with a pyridyl group having at the position adjacent to a nitrogen atom of the pyridyl group a substituent including no aromatic group has an excellent p38 MAP kinase inhibitory activity.
    (1) 一种1,3-噻唑化合物,其5位被取代为含有一个取代基的4-吡啶基团,该取代基不包括芳香基,或者(2) 一种1,3-噻唑化合物,其5位被取代为一个吡啶基团,该吡啶基团的氮原子邻近位置有一个取代基,该取代基不包括芳香基,具有出色的p38 MAP激酶抑制活性。
  • [EN] ARGINASE INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF USE<br/>[FR] INHIBITEURS D'ARGINASE ET PROCÉDÉS D'UTILISATION
    申请人:MERCK SHARP & DOHME
    公开号:WO2019177873A1
    公开(公告)日:2019-09-19
    Described herein are compounds of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compounds of Formula I act as arginase inhibitors and can be useful in preventing, treating or acting as a remedial agent for arginase-related diseases.
    本文描述了化合物I的结构或其药用盐。化合物I作为精氨酸酶抑制剂,可用于预防、治疗或作为精氨酸酶相关疾病的治疗剂。
  • JNK INHIBITOR
    申请人:Takeda Chemical Industries, Ltd.
    公开号:EP1484320A1
    公开(公告)日:2004-12-08
    A JNK inhibitor containing a compound having an isoquinolinone skeleton or a salt thereof, such as a compound represented by the formula wherein ring A and ring B are each an optionally substituted benzene ring, X is -O-, -N=, -NR3- or -CHR3-, R2 is an acyl group, an optionally esterified or thioesterified carboxyl group, an optionally substituted carbamoyl group or an optionally substituted amino group and the like, a broken line shows a single bond or a double bond, and R1 is a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, an optionally substituted heterocyclic group and the like, and the like.
    一种含有异喹啉酮骨架或其盐的JNK抑制剂,例如由以下公式表示的化合物: 其中环A和环B分别是可选择取代的苯环,X是-O-,-N=,-NR3-或-CHR3-,R2是酰基,可选择酯化或硫酯化的羧基,可选择取代的氨基甲酰基或可选择取代的氨基等,虚线表示单键或双键,R1是氢原子,可选择取代的碳氢基团,可选择取代的杂环基团等。
  • Prodrugs Of Bicyclic Substituted Pyrimidine Type PDE-5 Inhibitors
    申请人:XUANZHU PHARMA CO., LTD.
    公开号:US20160046654A1
    公开(公告)日:2016-02-18
    Provided are prodrugs of a bicyclic substituted pyrimidine type PDE-5 inhibitors, pharmaceutically acceptable salts or stereoisomers thereof. Also provided are methods for preparing these prodrug compounds, pharmaceutical preparations, and pharmaceutical compositions, as well as a use of these compounds, pharmaceutical preparations and pharmaceutical compositions in the manufacture of medicaments for treatment and/or prophylaxis of sexual dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms.
    提供了一种双环替代嘧啶型PDE-5抑制剂的前药,其药用盐或立体异构体。还提供了制备这些前药化合物、制药制剂和制药组合物的方法,以及这些化合物、制药制剂和制药组合物在制造用于治疗和/或预防性功能障碍和下尿路症状的药物中的用途。
  • 5-HT RECEPTOR MODULATORS
    申请人:Kapadnis Prashant Bhimrao
    公开号:US20130053372A1
    公开(公告)日:2013-02-28
    The invention relates to compounds of formula (I), useful for treating disorders mediated by the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor IB (5-HT1B), e.g. vascular disorders, cancer and CNS disorders. The invention also provides methods of treating such disorders, and compounds and compositions etc. for their treatment.
    本发明涉及式(I)化合物,用于治疗由5-羟基色胺(血清素)受体IB(5-HT1B)介导的疾病,例如血管疾病、癌症和CNS疾病。本发明还提供了治疗这些疾病的方法,以及用于治疗的化合物和组合物等。
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