When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
燃烧热:
-8.730 BTU/LB= -4.850 CAL/G= -203X10+5 J/KG
折光率:
Index of refraction: 1.548 at 25 °C/D
解离常数:
pKa = 14.10
计算性质
辛醇/水分配系数(LogP):
-2.4
重原子数:
9
可旋转键数:
4
环数:
0.0
sp3杂化的碳原子比例:
1.0
拓扑面积:
80.9
氢给体数:
4
氢受体数:
4
ADMET
毒理性
毒性总结
戊糖醇是一种稳定的固体,1996年和1997年在日本的产量约为25,000吨/年。这种化学品被用作合成树脂、松香酯、炸药和润滑剂的中间体。没有报道消费者使用的情况...通过使用大型蚤48小时不动数据(600毫克/升)确定了化学品的预测无效应浓度(PNEC)。由于在藻类、枝角类和鱼类中只有一个急性毒性数据可用,因此使用1000的评估因子来确定PNEC,...,因此,化学品的PNEC暂时确定为0.6毫克/升。因此,PEC / PNEC为0.0072。目前,该化学品对水生生态系统的影响较小。在大肠杆菌和体外染色体畸变试验中,戊糖醇没有表现出致突变性。该化学品被认为不会刺激皮肤和眼睛,也不会引起过敏。在重复剂量和生殖/发育毒性筛选试验中,雄性和雌性大鼠仅表现出软便和腹泻。该化学品对亲本和后代没有表现出任何毒性。重复剂量毒性的无观察到效应水平为100毫克/千克/天,生殖/发育毒性为1000毫克/千克/天。对于人类健康,预计工人的风险较低,因为最坏情况下的安全边际为83.3。由于通过饮用水或鱼类计算的安全边际为6.98 x 10+5或7.38 x 10+6,因此也假设消费者和一般人群通过间接暴露的风险较低。
Pentaerythritol is a stable solid and the production volume was ca. 25,000 tonnes/year in 1996 and 1997 in Japan. The chemical is used as intermediate for alkyd resin, rosin ester, explosive and lubricants. No consumer use is reported... Predicted No Effect Concentration (PNEC) of the chemical was determined using a Daphnia magna 48 h immobility data (600 mg/L). The assessment factor of 1000 used to an acute toxicity data to determine PNEC, ... , because only one acute toxicity data is available among algae, cladocera and fishes. Thus, PNEC of the chemical is determined as 0.6 mg/l, tentatively. Thus, PEC / PNEC is 0.0072. Effects of the chemical on aquatic ecosystems are of low concern at present. Pentaerythritol was not mutagenic in bacterial and chromosomal aberration tests in vitro. The chemical is not considered as an irritant to the skin and the eyes, nor as a sensitizer. In a combined repeat dose and reproductive/developmental toxicity screening test, both male and female rats showed only soft feces and diarrhea. The chemical did not show any toxicity to parents and offspring. The no observed effect levels were 100 mg/kg/day for repeated dose toxicity and 1000 mg/kg/day for reproductive/developmental toxicity. For human health, the risk for workers is expected to be low because the margin of safety is 83.3 as the worst case. The risks for consumer and the general population through indirect exposure are also assumed to be low because a margin of safety through drinking water or fish is calculated to be 6.98 x 10+5 or 7.38 x 10+6.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
毒理性
暴露途径
吸入,吞食,皮肤和/或眼睛接触
inhalation, ingestion, skin and/or eye contact
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
症状
眼睛刺激,呼吸系统
irritation eyes, respiratory system
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
毒理性
眼睛症状
Redness.
Redness.
来源:ILO-WHO International Chemical Safety Cards (ICSCs)
毒理性
靶器官
眼睛,呼吸系统
Eyes, respiratory system
来源:The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
10 mg/kg (14)C-pentaerythrite, administered orally to 12 mice (females), was absorbed and excreted rapidly. Half of the administered dose left the gastrointestinal tract within 15 min and 68% of the dose appeared in the urine and feces after 4 hr. The compound detected was pentaerythrite.
In ... experiments with (14)carbon pentaerythritol, 69% of (14)carbon was excreted, probably as unchanged compound, in 24 hr urine and 23% in feces /after oral administration to dogs/. Blood levels were greatest after 1 hr.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
吸收、分配和排泄
尿液中戊糖醇排泄的动力学是一级的,并且显然与剂量无关...
Kinetics of urinary excretion of pentaerythritol were first order and apparently dose-independent ...
Feeding studies in human volunteers revealed that about 85% of pentaerythritol fed was eliminated unchanged in urine. Elimination was essentially complete in 30 hr.
1.周国泰,化学危险品安全技术全书,化学工业出版社,1997 2.国家环保局有毒化学品管理办公室、北京化工研究院合编,化学品毒性法规环境数据手册,中国环境科学出版社.1992 3.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety,CHEMINFO Database.1998 4.Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, RTECS Database, 1989
This paper focuses on the synthesis of a wide variety of di benzo spiro bis-crown compounds,
in good yields using di-phenols, mono tosylates of oligoethylene glycols and caesium carbonate
in acetonitrile.
One-Component Multifunctional Sequence-Defined Ionizable Amphiphilic Janus Dendrimer Delivery Systems for mRNA
作者:Dapeng Zhang、Elena N. Atochina-Vasserman、Devendra S. Maurya、Ning Huang、Qi Xiao、Nathan Ona、Matthew Liu、Hamna Shahnawaz、Houping Ni、Kyunghee Kim、Margaret M. Billingsley、Darrin J. Pochan、Michael J. Mitchell、Drew Weissman、Virgil Percec
DOI:10.1021/jacs.1c05813
日期:2021.8.11
efficiency. Here, we report the development of a one-componentmultifunctionalionizableamphiphilicJanusdendrimer (IAJD) delivery system for mRNA that exhibits high activity at a low concentration of ionizable amines organized in a sequence-defined arrangement. Six libraries containing 54 sequence-defined IAJDs were synthesized by an accelerated modular-orthogonal methodology and coassembled with