Interaction of pentafluorophenol with lead tetraacetate in acids
作者:V.N. Kovtonyuk、L.S. Kobrina、G.G. Yakobson
DOI:10.1016/s0022-1139(00)85195-7
日期:1985.5
The ability of polyfluorinated hydroxyaromatic compounds to be oxidised by radical and ionic mechanisms is discussed. Oxidation of pentafluorophenol by leadtetraacetate in hydrogen fluoride and trifluoroacetic acid gave the products of a reaction proceeding by an ionic mechanism-hexafluorocyclo- hexa-2,5-dienone and trifluoroacetoxydienones respectively.
Vapourphase fluorination of dichlorofumaric acid dinitrile by a mixture of fluorides of alkaline/alkaline earth metals yields the dinitriles of difluoromaleic acid, chlorofluoromaleic acid and chlorofluorofumaric acid. Somereaction products of difluoromaleic acid dinitrile are described.
Molecular Structure of 3,4-Difluorofuran-2,5-dione (Difluoromaleic Anhydride) As Determined by Electron Diffraction and Microwave Spectroscopy in the Gas Phase and by Theoretical Computations
作者:Basil T. Abdo、Halima Amer、R. Eric Banks、Paul T. Brain、A. Peter Cox、Oliver J. Dunning、Vincent Murtagh、David W. H. Rankin、Heather E. Robertson、Bruce A. Smart
DOI:10.1021/jp984554o
日期:1999.3.25
The structure of 3,4-difluorofuran-2,5-dione has been determined experimentally in the gas phase by microwave spectroscopy using rotation constants derived from five isotopomers and by a combined analysis of electron-diffraction and microwave data. The geometry is planar with C-2v symmetry. Structural parameters [distances (r(alpha)degrees)/pm, angles angle(alpha)/deg, (1 sigma errors)] for the combined analysis are: r(C=O) = 119.0(1); r(C-F) = 130.9(2); r-(C=C) = 133.2(3), r(O-C) = 139.3(1); r(C-C) = 148.5(2); angle C-C=C = 108.3(1); angle C=C-F = 129.9(1); angle C-C=O = 129.3(1); angle C-O-C = 108.9(1); angle O-C-C = 107.2(1). These values are in excellent agreement with those obtained in an ab initio study of the molecular geometry at the MP2/6-311+G*(2df) level of theory. The dipole moment of difluoromaleic anhydride has been determined experimentally by Stark-effect measurements to be 1.867(3) D.
Mono- and Difluorobutenedioic Acids
作者:Maynard S. Raasch、Ralph E. Miegel、John E. Castle
DOI:10.1021/ja01520a023
日期:1959.6
Hydrogen-Bond Symmetry in Difluoromaleate Monoanion
作者:Charles L. Perrin、Phaneendrasai Karri、Curtis Moore、Arnold L. Rheingold
DOI:10.1021/ja2117848
日期:2012.5.9
The symmetry of the hydrogen bond in hydrogen difluoromaleate monoanion is probed by X-ray crystallography and by the NMR method of isotopic perturbation in water, in two aprotic organic solvents, and in an isotropic liquid crystal. The X-ray crystal structure of potassium hydrogen difluoromaleate shows a remarkably short O-O distance of 2.41 angstrom and equal O-H distances of 1.206 angstrom, consistent with a strong and symmetric hydrogen bond. Incorporation of O-18 into one carboxyl group allows investigation of the symmetry of the H-bond in solution by the method of isotopic perturbation. The F-19 NMR spectra of the mono-O-18-substituted monoanion in water, CD2Cl2, and CD3CN show an AB spin system, corresponding to fluorines in different environments. The difference is attributed to the perturbation of the acidity of a carboxylic acid by O-18, not to the mere presence of the O-18, because the mono-O-18 dianion shows equivalent fluorines. Therefore, it is concluded that the monoanion exists as an equilibrating pair of interconverting tautomers and not as a single symmetric structure not only in water but also in organic solvents. However, in the isotropic liquid crystal phase of 4-cyanophenyl 4-heptylbenzoate, tetrabutylammonium hydrogen difluoromaleate-O-18 shows equivalent fluorines, consistent with a single symmetric structure. These results support earlier studies, which suggested that the symmetry of hydrogen bonds can be determined by the local environment.