A catalyst composition is disclosed that includes chromium, oxygen, and gold as essential constituent elements. The amount of gold in the composition is from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % based on the total amount of chromium and gold. Also disclosed is a process for changing the fluorine distribution (i.e., content and/or arrangement) in a hydrocarbon or halogenated hydrocarbon in the presence of the catalyst composition; and methods for preparing said catalyst composition. One preparation method involves; (a) co-precipitating a solid by adding ammonium hydroxide (aqueous ammonia) to an aqueous solution of a soluble gold salt and a soluble chromium salt that contains at least three moles of nitrate per mole of chromium in the solution and has a gold content of from about 0.05 atom % to about 10 atom % of the total content of gold and chromium in the solution to form an aqueous mixture containing co-precipitated solid; (b) drying the co-precipitated solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume. Another preparation method involves (a) impregnating solid chromium oxide with a solution of a soluble gold salt, (b) drying the impregnated chromium oxide prepared in (a); and optionally, (c) calcining the dried solid. A third preparation method involves (a) evaporating an aqueous solution of chromium(VI) oxide and a soluble gold salt to form a solid; (b) drying the solid formed in (a); and (c) calcining the dried solid formed in (b) in an atmosphere containing at least 10% oxygen by volume.
揭示了一种催化剂组成物,其中包括
铬、氧和
金作为必要的成分元素。在组成物中
金的量为总
铬和
金的量的约0.05原子%至约10原子%。还公开了一种在催化剂组成物存在下改变碳氢化合物或卤代碳氢化合物中
氟分布(即含量和/或排列)的过程;以及制备该催化剂组成物的方法。其中一种制备方法包括:(a)通过将氢氧化
铵(
水合
氨)加入至含有至少三摩尔
硝酸盐的可溶性
金盐和可溶性
铬盐的
水溶液中,该
水溶液中
铬的摩尔数为溶液中
铬的摩尔数,并且
金含量为约总
金和
铬含量的0.05原子%至约10原子%,以形成含有共沉淀固体的
水溶液混合物;(b)干燥步骤a中形成的共沉淀固体;以及(c)在至少10%体积
氧气的气氛中煅烧步骤b中形成的干燥固体。另一种制备方法包括(a)用可溶性
金盐的溶液浸渍固体
铬氧化物,(b)干燥步骤a中制备的浸渍的
铬氧化物;以及可选地,(c)煅烧所干燥的固体。第三种制备方法包括(a)蒸发
铬(VI)氧化物和可溶性
金盐的
水溶液以形成固体;(b)干燥步骤a中形成的固体;以及(c)在至少10%体积
氧气的气氛中煅烧步骤b中形成的干燥固体。