Background: In order to identify potential activities against periodontal diseases, eighteen dihydrochalcones and structurally related compounds were tested in an established biological in vitro cell model of periodontal inflammation using human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1 cells). Methods: Subsequently to co-incubation of HGF-1 cells with a bacterial endotoxin (Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharide, pgLPS) and each individual dihydrochalcone in a concentration range of 1 µM to 100 µM, gene expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) was determined by qPCR and cellular interleukin-8 (IL-8) release by ELISA. Results: Structure–activity analysis based on the dihydrochalcone backbone and various substitution patterns at its aromatic ring revealed moieties 2′,4,4′,6′-tetrahydroxy 3-methoxydihydrochalcone (7) to be the most effective anti-inflammatory compound, reducing the pgLPS-induced IL-8 release concentration between 1 µM and 100 µM up to 94%. In general, a 2,4,6-trihydroxy substitution at the A-ring and concomitant vanilloyl (4-hydroxy-3-methoxy) pattern at the B-ring revealed to be preferable for IL-8 release inhibition. Furthermore, the introduction of an electronegative atom in the A,B-linker chain led to an increased anti-inflammatory activity, shown by the potency of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid N-vanillylamide (13). Conclusions: Our data may be feasible to be used for further lead structure designs for the development of potent anti-inflammatory additives in oral care products.
背景:为了识别针对牙周疾病的潜在活性,对十八种二氢黄酮类化合物及结构相关化合物在已建立的人牙龈成纤维细胞(HGF-1细胞)牙周炎生物体外细胞模型中进行了测试。方法:在HGF-1细胞与一种细菌内毒素(牙龈脓毒素脂多糖,pgLPS)和每种单独的二氢黄酮类化合物在1 µM至100 µM浓度范围内共同孵育后,通过qPCR测定白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的基因表达,并通过ELISA测定细胞白细胞介素-8(IL-8)的释放。结果:基于二氢黄酮骨架和其芳香环上的各种取代模式的结构-活性分析显示,2′,4,4′,6′-四羟基-3-甲氧基二氢黄酮(7)是最有效的抗炎化合物,将pgLPS诱导的IL-8释放浓度在1 µM至100 µM之间降低了94%。一般来说,A环上的2,4,6-三羟基取代和B环上的香草酰(4-羟基-3-甲氧基)模式同时出现,对于IL-8释放抑制是首选。此外,在A、B连接链中引入一个电负原子导致了抗炎活性的增加,表现为对4-羟基苯甲酸N-香草酰胺(13)的效力。结论:我们的数据可能可用于进一步设计用于口腔护理产品中强效抗炎添加剂的先导结构。