2,3-二氢-2,2,6-三甲基苯甲醛 | 116-26-7

• 物质功能分类: 香精与香料 - 合成香料 - 醛类香料
• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 有机氧化合物 - 有机氧化物
• 中文名称: 2,3-二氢-2,2,6-三甲基苯甲醛
• 中文别名: 藏红花醛；2,3-二氢-2,2,6-三甲基苯(甲)醛；藏花醛
• 英文名称: safranal
• 英文别名: 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-diene-1-carbaldehyde；2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexa-1,3-dienecarbaldehyde；2,6,6-trimethyl-1,3-cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde
• CAS: 116-26-7
• 化学式: C₁₀H₁₄O
• mdl: MFCD00209531
• 分子量: 150.221
• InChiKey: SGAWOGXMMPSZPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 熔点：
  <25 °C
• 沸点：
  70 °C1 mm Hg(lit.)
• 密度：
  0.966 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 闪点：
  186 °F
• 溶解度：
  可溶于氯仿、乙酸乙酯（少许）、甲醇（少许）
• LogP：
  2.7 at 20℃
• 物理描述：
  Solid
• 折光率：
  1.525-1.533
• 保留指数：
  1173;1173;1181;1181;1180;1175;1167;1172;1177;1167;1171;1173
• 稳定性/保质期：
  - 存在于烤烟烟叶和香料烟烟叶中。 - 天然存在于藏红花油中。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.1
• 重原子数：
  11
• 可旋转键数：
  1
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.5
• 拓扑面积：
  17.1
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  1

安全信息

• 危险品标志：
  Xi
• 安全说明：
  S26,S36
• 危险类别码：
  R36/37/38
• WGK Germany：
  3
• 海关编码：
  2912299000
• 包装等级：
  III
• 危险类别：
  3
• 危险性防范说明：
  P261,P305+P351+P338
• 危险品运输编号：
  1993
• 危险性描述：
  H225,H315,H319,H335
• 储存条件：
  -20°C下保存，需置于惰性气体中，并避免光照、与空气接触及加热。

SDS

---

SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking
Product identifiers
Product name : Safranal
REACH No. : A registration number is not available for this substance as the substance
or its uses are exempted from registration, the annual tonnage does not
require a registration or the registration is envisaged for a later
registration deadline.
CAS-No. : 116-26-7
Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Identified uses : Laboratory chemicals, Manufacture of substances

---

SECTION 2: Hazards identification
Classification of the substance or mixture
Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Skin irritation (Category 2), H315
Eye irritation (Category 2), H319
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure (Category 3), H335
For the full text of the H-Statements mentioned in this Section, see Section 16.
Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC
Xi Irritant R36/37/38
For the full text of the R-phrases mentioned in this Section, see Section 16.
Label elements
Labelling according Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Pictogram
Signal word Warning
Hazard statement(s)
H315 Causes skin irritation.
H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
H335 May cause respiratory irritation.
Precautionary statement(s)
P261 Avoid breathing vapours.
P305 + P351 + P338 IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove
contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.
Supplemental Hazard none
Statements
Other hazards - none

---

SECTION 3: Composition/information on ingredients
Substances
Synonyms : 2,3-Dihydro-2,2,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde
Formula : C10H14O
Molecular Weight : 150,22 g/mol
CAS-No. : 116-26-7
EC-No. : 204-133-7
Hazardous ingredients according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008
Component Classification Concentration
2,3-Dihydro-2,2,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde
CAS-No. 116-26-7 Skin Irrit. 2; Eye Irrit. 2; STOT <= 100 %
EC-No. 204-133-7 SE 3; H315, H319, H335
Hazardous ingredients according to Directive 1999/45/EC
Component Classification Concentration
2,3-Dihydro-2,2,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde
CAS-No. 116-26-7 Xi, R36/37/38 <= 100 %
EC-No. 204-133-7
For the full text of the H-Statements and R-Phrases mentioned in this Section, see Section 16

---

SECTION 4: First aid measures
Description of first aid measures
General advice
Consult a physician. Show this safety data sheet to the doctor in attendance.
If inhaled
If breathed in, move person into fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. Consult a physician.
In case of skin contact
Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a physician.
In case of eye contact
Rinse thoroughly with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes and consult a physician.
If swallowed
Do NOT induce vomiting. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Rinse mouth with
water. Consult a physician.
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
The most important known symptoms and effects are described in the labelling (see section 2.2) and/or in
section 11
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
no data available

---

SECTION 5: Firefighting measures
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
Use water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
Carbon oxides
Advice for firefighters
Wear self contained breathing apparatus for fire fighting if necessary.
Further information
Use water spray to cool unopened containers.

---

SECTION 6: Accidental release measures
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Use personal protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapours, mist or gas. Ensure adequate ventilation.
Remove all sources of ignition. Evacuate personnel to safe areas. Beware of vapours accumulating to
form explosive concentrations. Vapours can accumulate in low areas.
For personal protection see section 8.
Environmental precautions
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.
Methods and materials for containment and cleaning up
Contain spillage, and then collect with an electrically protected vacuum cleaner or by wet-brushing and
place in container for disposal according to local regulations (see section 13). Keep in suitable, closed
containers for disposal.
Reference to other sections
For disposal see section 13.

---

SECTION 7: Handling and storage
Precautions for safe handling
Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of vapour or mist.
Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking.Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic
charge.
For precautions see section 2.2.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Store in cool place. Keep container tightly closed in a dry and well-ventilated place. Containers which are
opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.
Specific end use(s)
Apart from the uses mentioned in section 1.2 no other specific uses are stipulated

---

SECTION 8: Exposure controls/personal protection
Control parameters
Components with workplace control parameters
Exposure controls
Appropriate engineering controls
Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands before breaks and
at the end of workday.
Personal protective equipment
Eye/face protection
Safety glasses with side-shields conforming to EN166 Use equipment for eye protection tested
and approved under appropriate government standards such as NIOSH (US) or EN 166(EU).
Skin protection
Handle with gloves. Gloves must be inspected prior to use. Use proper glove removal technique
(without touching glove's outer surface) to avoid skin contact with this product. Dispose of
contaminated gloves after use in accordance with applicable laws and good laboratory practices.
Wash and dry hands.
The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of EU Directive 89/686/EEC and
the standard EN 374 derived from it.
Body Protection
impervious clothing, The type of protective equipment must be selected according to the
concentration and amount of the dangerous substance at the specific workplace.
Respiratory protection
Where risk assessment shows air-purifying respirators are appropriate use a full-face respirator
with multi-purpose combination (US) or type ABEK (EN 14387) respirator cartridges as a backup
to engineering controls. If the respirator is the sole means of protection, use a full-face supplied air
respirator. Use respirators and components tested and approved under appropriate government
standards such as NIOSH (US) or CEN (EU).
Control of environmental exposure
Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so. Do not let product enter drains.

---

SECTION 9: Physical and chemical properties
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
a) Appearance Form: clear, liquid
Colour: yellow
b) Odour no data available
c) Odour Threshold no data available
d) pH no data available
e) Melting point/freezing no data available
point
f) Initial boiling point and 70 °C at 1 hPa - lit.
boiling range
g) Flash point 86 °C - closed cup
h) Evapouration rate no data available
i) Flammability (solid, gas) no data available
j) Upper/lower no data available
flammability or
explosive limits
k) Vapour pressure no data available
l) Vapour density no data available
m) Relative density 0,966 g/cm3 at 25 °C
n) Water solubility no data available
o) Partition coefficient: n- no data available
octanol/water
p) Auto-ignition no data available
temperature
q) Decomposition no data available
temperature
r) Viscosity no data available
s) Explosive properties no data available
t) Oxidizing properties no data available
Other safety information
no data available

---

SECTION 10: Stability and reactivity
Reactivity
no data available
Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Possibility of hazardous reactions
no data available
Conditions to avoid
Heat, flames and sparks.
Incompatible materials
Strong oxidizing agents, Strong acids, Strong bases
Hazardous decomposition products
Other decomposition products - no data available
In the event of fire: see section 5

---

SECTION 11: Toxicological information
Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity
no data available
Skin corrosion/irritation
no data available
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
no data available
Respiratory or skin sensitisation
no data available
Germ cell mutagenicity
no data available
Carcinogenicity
IARC: No component of this product present at levels greater than or equal to 0.1% is identified as
probable, possible or confirmed human carcinogen by IARC.
Reproductive toxicity
no data available
Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Inhalation - May cause respiratory irritation.
Specific target organ toxicity - repeated exposure
no data available
Aspiration hazard
no data available
Additional Information
RTECS: Not available
To the best of our knowledge, the chemical, physical, and toxicological properties have not been
thoroughly investigated.

---

SECTION 12: Ecological information
Toxicity
no data available
Persistence and degradability
no data available
Bioaccumulative potential
no data available
Mobility in soil
no data available
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment
PBT/vPvB assessment not available as chemical safety assessment not required/not conducted
Other adverse effects
no data available

---

SECTION 13: Disposal considerations
Waste treatment methods
Product
This combustible material may be burned in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and
scrubber. Offer surplus and non-recyclable solutions to a licensed disposal company.
Contaminated packaging
Dispose of as unused product.

---

SECTION 14: Transport information
UN number
ADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: -
UN proper shipping name
ADR/RID: Not dangerous goods
IMDG: Not dangerous goods
IATA: Not dangerous goods
Transport hazard class(es)
ADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: -
Packaging group
ADR/RID: - IMDG: - IATA: -
Environmental hazards
ADR/RID: no IMDG Marine pollutant: no IATA: no
Special precautions for user
no data available

---

SECTION 15: Regulatory information
This safety datasheet complies with the requirements of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006.
Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture
no data available
Chemical Safety Assessment
For this product a chemical safety assessment was not carried out

---

SECTION 16: Other information
Full text of H-Statements referred to under sections 2 and 3.
Eye Irrit. Eye irritation
H315 Causes skin irritation.
H319 Causes serious eye irritation.
H335 May cause respiratory irritation.
Skin Irrit. Skin irritation
STOT SE Specific target organ toxicity - single exposure
Full text of R-phrases referred to under sections 2 and 3
Xi Irritant
R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Further information
Copyright 2014 Co. LLC. License granted to make unlimited paper copies for internal use
only.
The above information is believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be
used only as a guide. The information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge
and is applicable to the product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any
guarantee of the properties of the product. Corporation and its Affiliates shall not be held
liable for any damage resulting from handling or from contact with the above product. See
and/or the reverse side of invoice or packing slip for additional terms and conditions of sale.

制备方法与用途

简介

藏红花醛呈黄色液体状，能溶于乙醇等有机溶剂。

用途

藏红花醛是藏红花中的一种化学成分，是一种被批准允许使用的食品香料。它可以用于调配老姆酒、无花果、茶叶以及木香和药草香型的食用香精。

制备

藏红花醛可以通过两种方法制得：一种是从藏红花中的苦味素一苦藏花素在酸中水解取得；另一种是由β-环柠檬醛或α-环香叶酸通过氧化硒催化脱氢制得。

生物活性

Safranal 是藏红花 (Crocus sativus) 的主要成分，具有口服活性，并且是这种香料的独特香气来源。它还显示出神经保护和抗炎作用，有望用于帕金森氏病的研究。

体外研究

• Safranal 在10-50 μM 浓度下，经过1小时处理后能剂量依赖性地减少LPS诱导的iNOS和COX-2水平。
• Safranal 在10-50 μM 浓度下，经过1小时处理后能够抑制LPS刺激下的RAW 264.7细胞中IL-6和TNF-α的生产和mRNA表达。
• Safranal 在10, 50 μM 浓度下，在LPS刺激前经1小时处理，能抑制NF-κB和AP-1在LPS刺激下的RAW264.7细胞中的核转位。

Western Blot分析

• 细胞系：RAW264.7细胞和骨髓衍生巨噬细胞（BMDMs）
• 浓度：10, 50 μM
• 孵育时间：在LPS刺激前1小时孵育（1 µg/ml）
• 结果：剂量依赖性地减少了RAW264.7细胞和BMDMs中LPS诱导的iNOS和COX-2水平。
• 抑制了MAPK途径蛋白ERK、JNK和p38的磷酸化。
• 抑制了NF-κB通路蛋白IKKα/β和IκBα以及IκBα的降解。

RT-PCR

• 细胞系：RAW 264.7细胞
• 浓度：10, 50 μM
• 孵育时间：LPS（1 µg/ml）刺激前1小时，然后孵育24小时
• 结果：抑制了LPS刺激下的RAW 264.7细胞中IL-6和TNF-α的生产和mRNA表达。

体内研究

Safranal 在200-500 mg/kg剂量下口服给药7天后，能轻微恢复结肠长度和体重损失百分比，并显著降低DAI评分。

动物模型

• 动物：雌性BALB/c小鼠（18-20 g）（DSS诱导的结肠炎小鼠）
• 剂量：200, 500 mg/kg
• 给药方式：口服，7天
• 结果：轻微恢复了结肠长度和体重损失百分比，并显著降低了DAI评分。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  2,3-二氢-2,2,6-三甲基苯甲醛 在 盐酸 、 氢氧化钾 、 diisobutylaluminum hydride 、 sodium methylate 、 对甲苯磺酸 、 pyridinium chlorochromate 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 1,4-二氧六环 、 甲醇 、 二氯甲烷 、 水 、 甲苯 为溶剂， 反应 36.0h， 生成 lutein
  参考文献：
  名称：

  合成胡萝卜素，天然胡萝卜素和天然维生素。V.合成冯（3 - [R，3' - [R ）- ，（3小号，3'小号） - UND（3 - [R，3'小号;内消旋）-Zeaxanthin第三人以asymmetrische Hydroborierung。Ein neuer Zugang zu Optisch aktiven Carotinoidbausteinen。VorläufigeMitteilung †

  摘要：

  光学活性天然类胡萝卜素和结构相关化合物的合成。V.（3合成[R '，3 - [R - （，3）小号，3'小号-和（3）- [R，3' š ;内消旋通过不对称硼氢化-zeaxanthin）。光学活性类胡萝卜素构建单元的新方法

  DOI：

  10.1002/hlca.19800630615
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  1-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-cyclohexanecarbonitrile 在 吡啶 、 sodium tetrahydroborate 、 N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(NBS) 、 氯化亚砜 、 cerium(III) chloride 、 二异丁基氢化铝 、 对甲苯磺酸 、 calcium carbonate 、 过氧化苯甲酰 作用下， 以 甲醇 、 四氯化碳 、 水 、 甲苯 、 苯 为溶剂， 反应 60.25h， 生成 2,3-二氢-2,2,6-三甲基苯甲醛
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Kutney, James P.; Gunning, Philip J.; Clewley, Robin G., Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1992, vol. 70, # 7, p. 2094 - 2114

  摘要：

  DOI：

文献信息

• Deconjugative α-Alkylation of Cyclohexenecarboxaldehydes: An Access to Diverse Terpenoids
  作者：Rachid Chahboun、José Manuel Botubol-Ares、María Jesús Durán-Peña、Fermín Jiménez、Ramón Alvarez-Manzaneda、Enrique Alvarez-Manzaneda

  DOI：10.1021/acs.joc.1c00560

  日期：2021.7.2

  A general and efficient method for the deconjugative α-alkylation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes promoted by a synergistic effect between tBuOK and NaH, which considerably increases the reaction rate under mild conditions, is reported. The β,γ-unsaturated aldehyde, resulting from the α-alkylation, is transformed in high yield into the corresponding allyl acetate via a lead(IV) acetate-mediated oxidative

  报道了一种通过t BuOK 和 NaH之间的协同作用促进 α,β-不饱和醛的去共轭 α-烷基化的通用且有效的方法，该方法在温和条件下显着提高了反应速率。由 α-烷基化产生的 β,γ-不饱和醛通过乙酸铅 (IV) 介导的氧化断裂以高产率转化为相应的乙酸烯丙酯。该策略可用于构建多种烷基或芳基萜类化合物的碳骨架。
• Synthesis of One Double Bond-Inserted Retinal Analogs and Their Binding Experiments with Opsins: Preparation of Novel Red-Shifted Channelrhodopsin Variants
  作者：Takashi Okitsu、Yumiko Yamano、Yi-Chung Shen、Toshikazu Sasaki、Yuka Kobayashi、Shoko Morisawa、Takahiro Yamashita、Yasushi Imamoto、Yoshinori Shichida、Akimori Wada

  DOI：10.1248/cpb.c19-01005

  日期：2020.3.1

  new chromophores with one double bond inserted into the polyene side chain of retinal (A1) or 3,4-didehydroretinal (A2), and examined their binding efficiency with opsins (ReaChR and ChrimsonR). All analogs bound with opsins to afford new ChRs. Among them, A2-10ex (an extra double bond is inserted at the C10-C11 position of A2) showed the greatest red-shift in the absorption spectrum of ChrimsonR, with

  在光遗传学中，人们急切地寻找红移的通道视紫红质（ChRs）。我们制备了六种新的生色团，它们的一个双键插入到视网膜（A1）或3,4-二氢脱氢视网膜（A2）的多烯侧链中，并检查了它们与视蛋白的结合效率（ReaChR和ChrimsonR）。所有类似物都与视蛋白结合，以提供新的ChR。其中，A2-10ex（在A2的C10-C11位置插入了一个额外的双键）在ChrimsonR的吸收光谱中显示出最大的红移，在654 nm处具有最大的吸光度（从该处吸收了67 nm的红移）。 A1-ChrimsonR）。此外，A2-10ex-ChrimsonR的长波光谱边界扩展到756 nm，并到达了远红色区域（710-850 nm）。
• Chemoselective and Highly Sensitive Quantification of Gut Microbiome and Human Metabolites
  作者：Weifeng Lin、Louis P. Conway、Miroslav Vujasinovic、J.‐Matthias Löhr、Daniel Globisch

  DOI：10.1002/anie.202107101

  日期：2021.10.18

  The microbiome has a fundamental impact on the human host's physiology through the production of highly reactive compounds that can lead to disease development. One class of such compounds are carbonyl-containing metabolites, which are involved in diverse biochemical processes. Mass spectrometry is the method of choice for analysis of metabolites but carbonyls are analytically challenging. Herein,

  微生物组通过产生可导致疾病发展的高活性化合物，对人类宿主的生理机能产生根本性影响。一类此类化合物是含羰基的代谢物，它们参与多种生化过程。质谱法是分析代谢物的首选方法，但羰基化合物在分析上具有挑战性。在这里，我们开发了一种新的化学生物学工具，利用化学选择性修饰来克服分析限制。两种同位素探针可实现飞摩尔水平的同步半定量分析以及阿托摩尔数量的定性分析，从而检测人类粪便、尿液和血浆样本中的 200 多种代谢物。这种全面的质谱分析扩大了代谢组学驱动的生物标志物发现的范围。我们预计我们的化学生物学工具将广泛用于代谢组学分析，以便更好地了解微生物与人类宿主的相互作用和疾病的发展。
• 1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarbonyl-derivatives and their use as flavoring agents
  申请人：IMAX Discovery GmbH

  公开号：EP2832233A1

  公开（公告）日：2015-02-04

  The present invention primarily relates to 1H-pyrrole-2,4-dicarbonyl-derivatives of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3, Z. Z' and J are as defined in the description, to mixtures thereof and to the use thereof as flavoring agents. The compounds in accordance with the present invention are suitable for producing, imparting, or intensifying an umami flavor. The invention further relates to flavoring mixtures, compositions for oral consumption as well as ready-to-eat, ready-to-use and semifinished products, comprising an effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) or of a mixture of compounds of Formula (I) and to specific methods for producing, imparting, modifying and/or intensifying specific flavor impressions.

  本发明主要涉及式(I)的1H-吡咯-2,4-二羰基衍生物，其中R1、R2、R3、Z、Z'和J按描述定义，及其混合物，以及用作调味剂的使用。根据本发明的化合物适用于生产、赋予或增强鲜味。本发明进一步涉及包含式(I)化合物或式(I)化合物混合物的有效量的调味混合物、口腔消费的组成物以及即食、即用和半成品，以及用于生产、赋予、改变和/或增强特定风味印象的特定方法。
• Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-ylmethyl-derivatives and their use as flavoring agents
  申请人：IMAX Discovery GmbH

  公开号：EP2832234A1

  公开（公告）日：2015-02-04

  The present invention primarily relates to imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-ylmethyl-derivatives of Formula (I) wherein R1, R2, X, W e J are as defined in the description, to mixtures thereof and to the use thereof as flavoring agents. The compounds in accordance with the present invention are suitable for producing, imparting, or intensifying an umami flavor. The invention further relates to flavoring mixtures, compositions for oral consumption as well as ready-to-eat, ready-to-use and semifinished products, comprising an effective amount of the compound of Formula (I) and to specific methods for producing, imparting, modifying and/or intensifying specific flavor impressions.

  本发明主要涉及式(I)的咪唑[1,2-a]吡啶基甲基衍生物，其中R1、R2、X、W和J如描述中定义，以及涉及它们的混合物和使用它们作为调味剂。根据本发明的化合物适合于产生、赋予或增强鲜味。本发明进一步涉及调味混合物、口腔摄入的配方以及包含有效量的式(I)化合物的即食、即用和半成品，以及用于生产、赋予、改变和/或增强特定风味印象的特定方法。

表征谱图