Synthesis and Biological Evaluations of NO-Donating Oxa- and Aza-Pentacycloundecane Derivatives as Potential Neuroprotective Candidates
作者:Rajan Sharma、Jacques Joubert、Sarel Malan
DOI:10.3390/molecules23020308
日期:——
In order to utilize the neuroprotective properties of polycyclic cage compounds, and explore the NO-donating ability of nitrophenyl groups, an array of compounds was synthesized where the different nitrophenyl groups were appended on oxa and aza-bridged cage derivatives. Biological evaluations of the compounds were done for cytotoxicity, neuroprotective abilities, the inhibition of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-mediated Ca2+ influx, the inhibition of voltage-mediated Ca2+ influx, and S-nitrosylation abilities. All of the compounds showed low toxicity. With a few exceptions, most of the compounds displayed good neuroprotection and showed inhibitory activity for NMDA-mediated and voltage-gated calcium influx, ranging from high (>70%) to low (20–39%) inhibition. In the S-nitrosylation assay, the compounds with the nitro moiety as the NO-donating group exhibited low to good nitrosylation potency compared to the positive controls. From the biological evaluation of the tested compounds, it was not possible to obtain a simple correlation that could explain the results across all of the biological study domains. This can be ascribed to the independent processes evaluated in the different assays, which reiterate that neuroprotection is a result of multifactorial biochemical mechanisms and interactions. However, these results signify the important aspects of the pentacylcoundecylamine neuroprotectants across different biological study realms.
为了利用多环笼状化合物的神经保护特性,并探究硝基苯基团的NO供体能力,合成了一系列化合物,其中不同的硝基苯基团被附加在氧和氮桥接的笼状衍生物上。对这些化合物进行了生物学评估,包括细胞毒性、神经保护能力、抑制N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)介导的Ca²⁺流入、抑制电压介导的Ca²⁺流入以及S-亚硝基化能力。所有化合物都显示出低毒性。除了少数例外,大多数化合物表现出良好的神经保护作用,并对NMDA介导和电压门控钙流入显示出抑制活性,抑制范围从高(>70%)到低(20-39%)。在S-亚硝基化试验中,带有硝基作为NO供体基团的化合物显示出与阳性对照相比从低到良好的亚硝基化效力。从对这些化合物的生物学评估中,无法获得一个简单的相关性来解释所有生物学研究领域的结果。这可以归因于在不同试验中评估的独立过程,这再次强调了神经保护是多因素生化机制和相互作用的结果。然而,这些结果表明了五环十一烷胺神经保护剂在不同生物学研究领域的重要方面。