Reinvestigation of the Reactions of Camphorketene: Structural Evidence for Pseudopericyclic Pathways<sup>1</sup>
作者:William W. Shumway、N. Kent Dalley、David M. Birney
DOI:10.1021/jo015698t
日期:2001.8.1
transition structure (10) for the dimerization of s-Z-formylketene (8) is consistent with this mechanism. Trapping of 2 with alcohols shows selectivity comparable to other alpha-oxoketenes. The lack of reaction of 2 with benzaldehyde and the lack of enol tautomers in camphoric acid derivatives is attributed to angle strain in the bicyclic camphor moiety.
Pyrazolones as inhibitors of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase
申请人:Hoffmann-La Roche Inc.
公开号:US07622492B2
公开(公告)日:2009-11-24
Provided herein are compounds of the formula (I):
as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein the substituents are as those disclosed in the specification. These compounds, and the pharmaceutical compositions containing them, are useful for the treatment of diseases such as, for example, type II diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome.
The Stereochemistry of the Methylketene β-Lactone Dimer<sup>1</sup>
作者:John E. Baldwin
DOI:10.1021/jo01030a053
日期:1964.7
An experimental study of element partitioning between magnetite, clinopyroxene and iron-bearing silicate liquids with particular emphasis on vanadium
作者:Michael J. Toplis、Alexandre Corgne
DOI:10.1007/s00410-002-0382-5
日期:2002.10
Mineral-melt partition coefficients of vanadium and a series of divalent trace elements (Ni, Co, Mn, Sr) have been determined for ferrobasaltic bulk compositions at one atmosphere. Experiments were performed at constant temperature (1,068 degreesC) and oxygen fugacity from 0.7 log units below to 2.6 log units above the NNO buffer (NNO-0.7 to NNO + 2.6). All experiments were saturated in clinopyroxene and titanomagnetite. Partition coefficients for divalent cations between the liquid and these two minerals are found to be controlled by the ionic radius of the cation and the composition of the coexisting liquid, coefficients being significantly higher in more polymerised melts. Vanadium partitioning is strongly dependent on oxygen fugacity, decreasing by approximately one order of magnitude with increasing f(02) from NNO-0.7 to NNO + 2.6 for both clinopyroxene and magnetite. Based upon thermodynamic modelling of the relative proportions of V3+, V4+ and V5+ in our liquids, this behaviour is inferred to be dominated by partitioning of V3+, despite the fact that this valence state is predicted to occur in low relative abundance. Derived values of Dv3+ show no systematic dependence on melt polymerisation, but do show a systematic dependence on mineral composition. In particular, our data and those of the literature are combined to show that D-v3+(Cpx/Liq) increases significantly as clinopyroxenes become more iron-rich. The partition coefficients for vanadium determined in this study have been used to model the V concentration of liquid and magnetite as a function of differentiation in a ferrobasaltic system at different oxygen fugacities. These results show that extreme enrichments of V2O5 in magnetite will only occur for a relatively small range of f(02), between NNO and NNO-1.5. The results of our modelling are shown to be consistent with observations made on the V-rich magnetite layers of the Bushveld intrusion.