Substrate‐Rhodium Cooperativity in Photoinduced
ortho
‐Alkynylation of Arenes
摘要:
AbstractIn the realm of metallaphotocatalytic C−H activation strategy, the direct excitation of the transition metal which plays the dual role of light energy harnessing alongside performing the bond breaking and forming is a rare phenomenon. In this context we have developed the first photo‐induced Rh‐catalyzedortho‐alkynylation under ambient conditions without the requirement of silver salt, photocatalyst (PC) or any engineered substrate or catalyst. The transformation functions by the specific cooperative effect of a six‐membered rhodacycle which is the photo‐responsive species. The catalytic system allows the conjugation of arenes with sp3‐rich pharmacophoric fragments. The control experiments as well as the computational studies resolve the mechanistic intricacies for this transformation. An outer sphere electron transfer process from Rh to alkynyl radical is operative for the present photo‐induced transformation over the more common oxidative addition or 1,2‐migratory insertion pathways.
Copper-Catalyzed Coupling of Triaryl- and Trialkylindium Reagents with Aryl Iodides and Bromides through Consecutive Transmetalations
作者:Surendra Thapa、Santosh K. Gurung、Diane A. Dickie、Ramesh Giri
DOI:10.1002/anie.201407586
日期:2014.10.20
An efficient copper(I)‐catalyzed coupling of triaryl and trialkylindium reagents with aryl iodides and bromides is reported. The reaction proceeds at low catalyst loadings (2 mol %) and generally only requires 0.33 equivalents of the triorganoindium reagent with respect to the aryl halide as all three organic nucleophilic moieties of the reagent are transferred to the products through consecutive transmetalations
A method for producing an unsaturated organic compound represented by the formula (3):
(Y
1
)
m-1
—R
1
—R
2
—(Y
2
)
n-1
(3)
wherein Y
1
represents R
2
or X
1
, and Y
2
represents R
1
or B(X
2
)
2
, which comprises reacting a compound represented by the formula (1):
R
1
(X
1
)
m
(1)
wherein R
1
represents an aromatic group or the like, X
1
represents a leaving group and m represents 1 or 2, with a compound represented by the formula (2):
R
2
B(X
2
)
2
}
n
(2)
wherein R
2
represents an aromatic group or the like, X
2
represents a hydroxyl group or the like, and n represents 1 or 2,
in the presence of
(a) a nickel compound selected from a nickel carboxylate, nickel nitrate and a nickel halide,
(b) a phosphine compound such as 1,4-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino) butane,
(c) an amine selected from a primary amine and a diamine such as N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-1,2-ethanediamine, and
(d) an inorganic base.
in the field of enantioselective C−H activation. Herein, we reported the synthesis of axially chiral biaryls by Pd‐catalyzed atroposelective C−H olefination. A novel chiral spiro phosphoric acid, STRIP, was identified as a superior ligand for this transformation. A broad range of axially chiral quinoline derivatives were synthesized in good yields with excellent enantioselectivities (up to 98 % ee)
Suzuki−Miyaura Coupling of Aryl Tosylates Catalyzed by an Array of Indolyl Phosphine−Palladium Catalysts
作者:Chau Ming So、Chak Po Lau、Albert S. C. Chan、Fuk Yee Kwong
DOI:10.1021/jo8014819
日期:2008.10.3
A family of indolyl phosphine ligands was applied to Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling of aryl tosylates. Catalyst loading can be reduced to 0.2 mol % for coupling of nonactivated aryl tosylate. A challenging example for room temperature coupling is realized. The scope of this highly active Pd/L2 system can be extended to other boron nucleophiles, including trifluoroborate salts and boronate esters. The ligand structural comparisons toward the reactivity in tosylate couplings are also described.