O-acetylated glycals react with ceric ammonium nitrate in the presence of sodium azide to provide, in good yield, O-acetylated 2-azido-2-deoxy glycosyl nitrates. These nitrates can be used to prepare 2-amino-2-deoxy sugars, such as D-galactosamine and lactosamine. The O-acetylated 2-azido-2-deoxy glycosyl nitrates can alternately be converted to O-acetylated 2-azido-2-deoxy glycosyl halides which are useful in the preparation of O-acetylated 2-azido-2-deoxy glycosides, which in turn can be reduced to 2-amino-2-deoxy glycosides. Of particular interest are the syntheses of 2-amino-2-deoxy glycosides which correspond to the terminal units of the antigenic determinant for the human A blood group. Attachment of these glycosides to a solid support provides immunoabsorbents which efficiently and preferentially absorb anti-A antibodies from blood plasma.
O-乙酰化的糖醛与偏
铈铵硝酸盐在存在
硝酸钠的情况下反应,产生良好产率的O-乙酰化2-
叠氮基-2-
脱氧糖基
硝酸盐。这些
硝酸盐可用于制备2-
氨基-2-
脱氧糖类,如
D-半乳糖胺和
乳糖胺。O-乙酰化的2-
叠氮基-2-
脱氧糖基
硝酸盐可被转化为O-乙酰化的2-
叠氮基-2-
脱氧糖基卤化物,这些卤化物在制备O-乙酰化的2-
叠氮基-2-
脱氧糖苷时很有用,而后者可以还原为2-
氨基-2-
脱氧糖苷。特别感兴趣的是合成对应于人类A血型抗原决定簇的2-
氨基-2-
脱氧糖苷。将这些糖苷连接到固定支持体上可提供有效地吸附血浆中的抗A
抗体的免疫吸附剂。