In vitro toxicity of several dithiocarbamates and structure-activity relationships
作者:N. Segovia、G. Crovetto、P. Lardelli、M. Espigares
DOI:10.1002/jat.868
日期:2002.11
Dithiocarbamates (DTCs) are chemicals featuring a great chelating capacity. The toxicological study of DTCs is very important in view of their relatively simple synthesis and wide array of sanitary and industrial applications. In this study, the toxicity of some of the more recently synthesized DTCs is determined using an extremely simple bioassay, described in previous studies, based on the inhibition of growth of Escherichia coli (IGEC). The lowest-observed-effect concentration (LOEC), the median effective concentration (EC50) and no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) of the following sodium dithiocarbamates was determined: N-benzyl-N-methyldithiocarbamate·2H2O, N-benzyl-N-isopropyldithiocarbamate·3H2O, N-benzyl-N-ethyldithiocarbamate·2H2O, N-butyl-N-methyldithiocarbamate·2H2O, N,N-dibenzyldithiocarbamate·2H2O and N-benzyl-2-phenethyldithiocarbamate·4H2O. Our results showed N,N-dibenzyl-DTC to be the least toxic of the tested substances, with an EC50 value of 1269.9 µg ml−1, whereas N-butyl-N-methyl-DTC and N-benzyl-N-methyl-DTC, with respective EC50 values of 14.9 µg ml−1 and 23.5 µg ml−1, were the most toxic. Regression analysis showed, through exponential models, that the degree of toxicity of this group of substances correlated with the molecular weight of the compound, the molecular weight of the smallest chemical radical linked to the dithiocarbamate group and the number of benzene rings present in the molecule. The consideration of these models allows us to establish that in general terms the toxicity of DTCs decreases exponentially with a greater molecular weight and the number of benzene rings. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
二硫代氨基甲酸盐 (DTCs) 是一类具有很强螯合能力的化学物质。鉴于其合成相对简单以及在卫生和工业应用中的广泛性,对 DTCs 的毒理学研究非常重要。在本研究中,我们使用了一种基于大肠杆菌 (IGEC) 生长抑制的极其简单的生物测定法,来确定一些较新合成的 DTCs 的毒性,该方法在先前的研究中已有描述。我们确定了以下二硫代氨基甲酸钠的最小观察效应浓度 (LOEC)、中效浓度 (EC50) 和无观察效应浓度 (NOEC):N-苄基-N-甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯·2H2O、N-苄基-N-异丙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯·3H2O、N-苄基-N-乙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯·2H2O、N-丁基-N-甲基二硫代氨基甲酸酯·2H2O、N,N-二苄基二硫代氨基甲酸酯·2H2O 和 N-苄基-2-苯乙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯·4H2O。我们的结果显示,N,N-二苄基-DTC 是所测试物质中毒性最小的,其 EC50 值为 1269.9 µg ml^-1,而 N-丁基-N-甲基-DTC 和 N-苄基-N-甲基-DTC 的 EC50 值分别为 14.9 µg ml^-1 和 23.5 µg ml^-1,是毒性最大的。回归分析通过指数模型显示,这组物质的毒性程度与化合物的分子量、与二硫代氨基甲酸基团相连的最小化学基团的分子量以及分子中存在的苯环数量有关。这些模型的考虑使我们能够确定,从一般意义上讲,DTCs 的毒性随着分子量的增加和苯环数量的增多呈指数级下降。版权所有 © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd。