参考文献：M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. 用于研究药物诱导肝损伤的FDA批准药物标签，药物发现今日，16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank：按在人类中发展药物诱导肝损伤风险排名的最大参考药物清单。药物发现今日2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
References:M Chen, V Vijay, Q Shi, Z Liu, H Fang, W Tong. FDA-Approved Drug Labeling for the Study of Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Drug Discovery Today, 16(15-16):697-703, 2011. PMID:21624500 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2011.05.007
M Chen, A Suzuki, S Thakkar, K Yu, C Hu, W Tong. DILIrank: the largest reference drug list ranked by the risk for developing drug-induced liver injury in humans. Drug Discov Today 2016, 21(4): 648-653. PMID:26948801 DOI:10.1016/j.drudis.2016.02.015
Mean absolute bioavailability of enoxaparin, after 1-2 mg/kg given subcutaneously is approximately 100% in healthy volunteers. The absorption of enoxaparin is proportional to the dose, demonstrating linear absorption. The average maximum plasma anti-Xa activity is reached 3 to 5 hours after a subcutaneous injection. A 30 mg IV bolus preceding an immediate 1 mg/kg SC every twice a day led to maximum anti-Factor Xa levels of 1.16 IU/mL. Steady-state is reached within 3-4 days of treatment with a Cmax of 1.2 IU/mL. The AUC under the thrombin generation curve was 305 +/- 48.
Enoxaparin is mainly excreted by the kidneys. Renal clearance of active fragments represents about 10% of the administered dose and total renal excretion of active and non-active fragments 40% of the dose.
来源:DrugBank
吸收、分配和排泄
分布容积
依诺肝素的总分布容积大约为4-5升，与正常血容量相似。
The volume of distribution of enoxaparin is approximately 4-5L, similar to normal blood volume.
The mean clearance of enoxaparin is 0.74 L/h after a 1.5 mg/kg intravenous infusion over 6 hours; clearance of enoxaparin is significantly decreased in patients with severe renal impairment.
New therapeutic approaches for treating neuroinflammatory conditions
申请人：Pharnext
公开号：EP2236158A1
公开（公告）日：2010-10-06
The present invention discloses new compositions which can be used for the treatment of the neuroinflamation, in particular associated with neurodegenerative, autoimmune, infectious, toxic or traumatic disorders. More particularly, the invention relates to combined therapies for treating neuroinflammation by affecting extravasation cascade. The invention also discloses new methods for treating neuroinflammation pathological conditions in a subject.
The present invention relates to new therapies to treat pain and related diseases, as well as pharmaceutical compounds for use in said therapies.
本发明涉及治疗疼痛和相关疾病的新疗法，以及用于上述疗法的药物化合物。
System and process for formation of a time-released, drug-eluting transferable coating
申请人：Matson Dean W.
公开号：US10464100B2
公开（公告）日：2019-11-05
A system and method are disclosed for coating surfaces of expandable medical devices with composite coatings. Coatings are composed of various materials including, e.g., polymers and drugs. Transfer of the coatings within a patient or other host forms a drug-eluting coating that delivers time-released drugs over time for treatment of a medical condition.
Solid state nanopores aided by machine learning for identification and quantification of heparins and glycosaminoglycans
申请人：ARIZONA BOARD OF REGENTS ON BEHALF OF ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY
公开号：US11325987B2
公开（公告）日：2022-05-10
The present disclosure provides a method for identifying and quantifying sulfated glycosaminoglycans, including for example heparin, by passing a sample through nanopores. The glycosaminoglycans sample is measured in microliter quantities, at nanomolar concentrations with detection of impurities below 0.5%, and a dynamic range over five decades of magnitude with a trained machine learning algorithm.
A physiologically acceptable, sterile and pyrogen-free solution of betaine dissolved in a physiologically acceptable solvent, having a pH adjusted to from 5.0 to 8.0 with a betaine concentration of from 5 to 500 mg/ml.
