酮类化合物
酮类化合物
定义与结构
酮类化合物是一类有机化合物，其分子中至少含有一个羰基（C=O），并且这个羰基被两个碳原子所包围。通式为R1-C(=O)-R2，其中R1和R2可以是任何烷基或芳基等碳基团。酮的命名通常以烷基作为前缀，并按照取代基的顺序进行排列。
物理性质酮类化合物具有较低的沸点，这是因为它们的分子间相互作用力相对较弱。例如，丙酮（CH3COCH3）的沸点约为56℃，而乙醇（C2H5OH）的沸点为78.4℃。
化学性质 酮的亲核加成反应- 羟醛缩合：酮可以参与与烯烃或醛的羟醛缩合反应。
-
氢化：在一定条件下，如在钯催化剂的作用下，酮可以被还原为醇。
-
硼氢化：使用硼烷衍生物（如LiBH4）作为还原剂，可将酮转化为伯醇。
在高温或酸性条件下，酮可以发生分子内脱水生成α,β-不饱和羰基化合物。这一过程也称为Wittig反应的一种特例。
应用领域-
医药：许多药物含有酮结构。
-
香料与调味剂：多种芳香物质为酮类化合物，例如肉桂醛、茴香脑等。
-
溶剂：丙酮广泛用于各种化学合成和工业过程中作为溶剂。
| 中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5-十一酮 | undecan-5-one | 33083-83-9 | C11H22O |
|
| 5-二乙氨基-2-戊酮 | 5-diethylamino-2-pentanone | 105-14-6 | C9H19NO |
|
| 5-乙酰基-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二恶烷-4,6-二酮 | 5-acetyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione | 72324-39-1 | C8H10O5 |
|
| 5-乙基壬烷-2-酮 | 5-ethyl-2-nonanone | 5440-89-1 | C11H22O |
|
| 5-乙基壬-3-烯-2-酮 | 5-ethyl-non-3-en-2-one | 10137-90-3 | C11H20O |
|
| 5-乙基-4-羟基-2-甲基-3(2H)-呋喃酮 | 5-ethyl-4-hydroxy-2-methyl-3(2H)-furanone | 27538-09-6 | C7H10O3 |
|
| 5-乙基-4-(2-苯氧基乙基)-2H-1,2,4-三氮唑-3(4H)-酮 | 5-ethyl-4-(2-phenoxyethyl)-2H-1,2,4-triazol-3(4H)-one | 95885-13-5 | C12H15N3O2 |
|
| 5-丁烷-2-基-5-丙-2-烯基-1,3-二嗪农-2,4,6-三酮 | talbutal | 115-44-6 | C11H16N2O3 |
|
| 5-丁基�f唑-2,4-二酮 | 5-Butyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione | 22384-53-8 | C7H11NO3 |
|
| 5-[4-[2-(5-乙基吡啶-2-基)乙氧基]苄基]-3-[2-(5-乙基吡啶-2-基)乙基]噻唑烷-2,4-二酮 | 5-{4-[2-(5-ethyl-pyridin-2-yl)ethoxy]benzyl}-3-[2-(5-ethyl-pyridin-2-yl)ethyl]-1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione | 952188-00-0 | C28H31N3O3S |
|
| 5-[1-羟基-2-(2,4,5-三氟苯基)亚乙基]-2,2-二甲基-1,3-二氧六环-4,6-二酮 | 5-(1-hydroxy-2-(2,4,5-trifluorophenyl)ethylidene)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-dione | 764667-64-3 | C14H11F3O5 |
|
| 5-[(甲基环丙基)硫代]-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇 | 5-[(Cyclopropylmethyl)thio]-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol | 175277-92-6 | C6H8N2S3 |
|
| 5-[(4-氯苯基)甲基]-2,2-二甲基环戊酮 | 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopentanone | 115851-28-0 | C14H17ClO |
|
| 5-B-孕甾烷-3-alpha-21-二醇-11-20-二酮 | 3α,21-dihydroxy-5β-pregnane-11,20-dione | 566-03-0 | C21H32O4 |
|
| 5-Alpha-妊娠-3-alpha-17-二醇-20-酮 | 3α,17α-dihydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one | 6890-65-9 | C21H34O3 |
|
| 5-(羟甲基)-4-甲基-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮 | 3-(hydroxymethyl)-4-methyl-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5(4H)-one | 1182358-83-3 | C4H7N3O2 |
|
| 5-(哌嗪-1-基)苯并呋喃-2-羧酰胺盐酸盐 | 5-(piperazin-1-yl)benzofuran-2-carboxamide hydrochloride | 913730-87-7 | C13H15N3O2*ClH |
|
| 5-(十二烷基二硫代)-1,3,4-噻二唑-2(3H)-硫酮 | 2-Dodecyldithio-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazol | 50530-43-3 | C14H26N2S4 |
|
| 5-(4-羟基苄基)噻唑烷-2,4-二酮 | 5-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4-thiazolidinedione | 74772-78-4 | C10H9NO3S |
|
| 5-(4-羟基-苯基)-[1,2]二硫醇-3-硫酮 | desmethyl anethole trithione | 18274-81-2 | C9H6OS3 |
|
| 5-(4-溴苯基)-1,3-环己烷二酮 | 5-(4-bromophenyl)cyclohexane-1,3-dione | 239132-48-0 | C12H11BrO2 |
|
| 5-(2-氟苯基)-1H-吡咯-3-甲醛 | 5-(2-fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbaldehyde | 881674-56-2 | C11H8FNO |
|
| 5-(1-甲基乙基)-1,3,4-噁二唑-3(2h)-酮 | 5-isopropyl-3H-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-one | 1711-88-2 | C5H8N2O2 |
|
| 5-((苄氧基)甲基)-5-(羟甲基)-3-(丙烷-2-亚基)二氢呋喃-2(3H)-酮 | 5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(methylethylidene)-5-[(phenylmethoxy)methyl]-4,5-dihydrofuran-2-one | 932711-33-6 | C16H20O4 |
|
| 5,7-二甲氧基磺烷酮 | 5,7-dimethoxyflavone | 1036-72-2 | C17H16O4 |
|
| 5,7-二甲氧基-3,3',4'-三羟基黄酮 | 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-4H-chromen-4-one | 13459-07-9 | C17H14O7 |
|
| 5,7-二溴-1-茚酮 | 5,7-dibromo-indan-1-one | 923977-18-8 | C9H6Br2O |
|
| 5,7-二氟-3,4-二氢喹唑啉-4-酮 | 5,7-difluoroquinazolin-4(3H)-one | 379228-58-7 | C8H4F2N2O |
|
| 5,7,3',4',5'-五羟基黄酮 | tricetin | 520-31-0 | C15H10O7 |
|
| 5,6-二羟基茚满-1-酮 | 5,6-dihydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one | 124702-80-3 | C9H8O3 |
|
| 5,6-二甲氧基-1,2-茚二酮 | 5,6-dimethoxy-1,2-indanedione | 42337-64-4 | C11H10O4 |
|
| 5,6-二甲基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮 | 5,6-dimethyl-1-indanone | 16440-97-4 | C11H12O |
|
| 5,6-二氯哒嗪-3(2H)-酮 | 5,6-dichloropyridazin-3(2H)-one | 17285-36-8 | C4H2Cl2N2O |
|
| 5,6-二氯-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮 | 5,6-dichloro-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one | 68755-31-7 | C9H6Cl2O |
|
| 5,6-二氯-1,3-茚二酮(产品本身是混合物,但不影响使用) | 5,6-dichloro-1,3-indanedione | 93296-41-4 | C9H4Cl2O2 |
|
| 5,6-二氢-3-(4-吗啉基)-1-[4-(2-氧代-1-哌啶基)苯基]-2(1H)-吡啶酮 | 3-morpholino-1-(4-(2-oxopiperidin-1-yl)phenyl)-5,6-dihydropyridin-2(1H)-one | 545445-44-1 | C20H25N3O3 |
|
| 5,6,8,9-四氢-苯并环庚烯-7-酮 | 5,6,8,9-tetrahydrobenzo[7]annulen-7-one | 37949-03-4 | C11H12O |
|
| 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-八氢-3-甲氧基-5-甲基-5,11-甲撑苯并环癸烯-13-酮肟 | (NE)-N-[(1R,9S)-4-methoxy-1-methyl-15-tricyclo[7.5.1.02,7]pentadeca-2(7),3,5-trienylidene]hydroxylamine | 42263-97-8 | C17H23NO2 |
|
| 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-八氢-3-甲氧基-5-甲基-5,11-甲撑苯并环癸烯-13-酮肟 | 5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-octahydro-3-methoxy-5-methyl-5,11-methylbenzene cyclocyclene-13-ketoxime | 50666-38-1 | C17H23NO2 |
|
| 5,6,7,4'-四羟基异黄酮-6,7-O-二葡萄糖苷 | 5,6,7,4'-tetrahydroxyisoflavone-6,7-di-O-β-D-glucopyranoside | 1219001-04-3 | C27H30O16 |
|
| 5,6,11,12-四氢二苯并[b,f]氮杂环辛酮 | 5,6,11,12-tetrahydrodibenz[b,f]azocine-6-one | 6047-29-6 | C15H13NO |
|
| 5,5-二甲基-2-(3-甲基丁酰基)-1,3-环己二酮 | 2-(1-hydroxy-3-methylbutylidene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione | 172611-72-2 | C13H20O3 |
|
| 5,5,5-三氟-4-羟基-4-(三氟甲基)-2-戊酮 | 5,5,5-trifluoro-4-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pentanone | 10487-10-2 | C6H6F6O2 |
|
| 5,11-二氢-5-甲基-10H-二苯并[b,f]氮杂卓-10-酮 | 5-methyl-5,11-dihydro-10H-dibenzo[b,f]azepin-10-one | 4904-83-0 | C15H13NO |
|
| 5,10-二氢-二苯并[b,e][1,4]二氮杂卓-11-酮 | 5,10-dihydro-11H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]-diazepin-11-one | 5814-41-5 | C13H10N2O |
|
| 5'-羟基-2',5',7'-三甲基螺[环丙烷-1,6'-茚]-4'-酮 | (-)-acylfulvene | 125392-76-9 | C14H16O2 |
|
| 5'-氯-2'-羟基-4'-甲基苯乙酮 | 5'-chloro-2'-hydroxy-4'-methyl acetophenone | 28480-70-8 | C9H9ClO2 |
|
| 5'-氟-2'-羟基苯丁酮 | fluoro-5 hydroxy-2 butyrophenone | 575-67-7 | C10H11FO2 |
|
| 5 -硝基-2 -(溴乙酰氨基)二苯甲酮 | N-(2-benzoyl-4-nitrophenyl)-2-bromoacetamide | 2011-70-3 | C15H11BrN2O4 |
|
| 4’-羟基-3’-(三氟甲基)苯乙酮 | 1-[4-hydroxy-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethanone | 149105-11-3 | C9H7F3O2 |
|
联系我们
关注我们
公众号
