酮类化合物是一类有机化合物,其分子中至少含有一个羰基(C=O),并且这个羰基被两个碳原子所包围。通式为R1-C(=O)-R2,其中R1和R2可以是任何烷基或芳基等碳基团。酮的命名通常以烷基作为前缀,并按照取代基的顺序进行排列。
物理性质酮类化合物具有较低的沸点,这是因为它们的分子间相互作用力相对较弱。例如,丙酮(CH3COCH3)的沸点约为56℃,而乙醇(C2H5OH)的沸点为78.4℃。
化学性质 酮的亲核加成反应氢化:在一定条件下,如在钯催化剂的作用下,酮可以被还原为醇。
硼氢化:使用硼烷衍生物(如LiBH4)作为还原剂,可将酮转化为伯醇。
在高温或酸性条件下,酮可以发生分子内脱水生成α,β-不饱和羰基化合物。这一过程也称为Wittig反应的一种特例。
应用领域医药:许多药物含有酮结构。
香料与调味剂:多种芳香物质为酮类化合物,例如肉桂醛、茴香脑等。
溶剂:丙酮广泛用于各种化学合成和工业过程中作为溶剂。
中文名称 | 英文名称 | CAS号 | 化学式 | 结构式图片 |
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6-溴甲基-3,4-二氢-2-甲基-喹唑啉-4-酮 | 4(3H)-oxo-6-(bromomethyl)-2-methyl quinazoline | 112888-43-4 | C10H9BrN2O |
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6-溴二氮杂萘-1,4-二醇 | 6-bromo-2,3-dihydrophthalazine-1,4-dione | 76240-49-8 | C8H5BrN2O2 |
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6-溴-4-羟基黄酮 | 6-bromo-4'-hydroxyflavone | 288401-01-4 | C15H9BrO3 |
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6-溴-4-羟基喹诺酮 | 6-bromo-4-hydroxyquinolin-2(1H)-one | 54675-23-9 | C9H6BrNO2 |
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6-溴-4-异二氢色原酮 | 6-bromoisochroman-4-one | 676134-68-2 | C9H7BrO2 |
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6-溴-3-甲基苯并[d]噁唑-2(3H)-酮 | 6-bromo-3-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one | 67927-44-0 | C8H6BrNO2 |
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6-溴-2H-苯并[e][1,3]噁嗪-2,4(3H)-二酮 | 6-bromo-2H-[1,3]benzoxazine-2,4(3H)dione | 24088-82-2 | C8H4BrNO3 |
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6-溴-2-羟吲哚 | 6-bromo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-2-one | 99365-40-9 | C8H6BrNO |
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6-溴-2-甲基色酮 | 6-bromo-2-methylchromone | 30779-63-6 | C10H7BrO2 |
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6-溴-2,3(1H,4H)-喹喔啉二酮 | 6-bromoquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione | 1910-90-3 | C8H5BrN2O2 |
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6-溴-2,2-二甲基-4-二氢色原酮 | 6-bromo-2,2-dimethylchroman-4-one | 99853-21-1 | C11H11BrO2 |
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6-溴-1,3,4,5-四氢-2H-1-苯并氮杂卓-2-酮 | 6-Brom-3,4-dihydrohomocarbostyril | 6729-30-2 | C10H10BrNO |
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6-氯嘧啶-2(1H)-酮 | 4-chloro-1<i>H</i>-pyrimidin-2-one | 80927-55-5 | C4H3ClN2O |
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6-氯-7-甲基色满酮 | 5-chloro-3-nitro-2-hydroxyacetophenone | 84942-40-5 | C8H6ClNO4 |
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6-氯-4-二氢色原酮 | 6-chloro-chroman-4-one | 37674-72-9 | C9H7ClO2 |
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6-氯-3,4-二氢-2H-异喹啉-1-酮 | 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-2H-isoquinolin-1-one | 22246-02-2 | C9H8ClNO |
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6-氯-3,4-二氢-2(1H)-萘酮 | 6-chloro-3,4-dihydro-1H-naphthalen-2-one | 17556-18-2 | C10H9ClO |
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6-氯-2H-1,4-苯并噁嗪-3(4H)-酮 | 6-chloro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one | 7652-29-1 | C8H6ClNO2 |
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6-氯-2-甲基-1-茚酮 | 6-Chloro-2-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one | 343852-44-8 | C10H9ClO |
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6-氯-1,3,5-三嗪-2,4(1H,3H)-二酮 | 2,4-dihydroxy-6-chloro-1,3,5-triazine | 69125-10-6 | C3H2ClN3O2 |
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6-氨基-2H-1,4-苯并吗啉-3(4H)-酮 | 6-amino-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one | 89976-75-0 | C8H8N2O2 |
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6-氨基-1-茚酮 | 6-aminoindan-1-one | 69975-65-1 | C9H9NO |
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6-氨基-1-甲基-3,4-二氢喹啉-2-酮 | 6-amino-1-methyl-3,4-dihydroquinolin-2(1H)-one | 233775-30-9 | C10H12N2O |
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6-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢-1-萘酮 | 6-amino-1-tetralone | 3470-53-9 | C10H11NO |
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6-氧代环丙孕酮乙酸酯 | 6-Keto Cyproterone Acetate | 17184-05-3 | C24H30O5 |
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6-氧代乙炔基雌二醇 | 17α-ethynyl-3,17β-dihydroxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-6-one | 38002-18-5 | C20H22O3 |
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6-氟硫代-4-色原酮 | 6-fluorothiochroman-4-one | 21243-18-5 | C9H7FOS |
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6-氟-4,5-二氢-1H-苯并[b]氮杂革-2(3h)-酮 | 6-fluoro-1,3,4,5-tetrahydro-2H-benzo[b]azepin-2-one | 145485-58-1 | C10H10FNO |
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6-己内酯-2-酮 | 6-hydroxy-2-hexanone | 21856-89-3 | C6H12O2 |
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6-二甲氧基甲基-3-羧基-2-吡啶酮 | 6-(dimethoxymethyl)-2-oxo-1,2-dihydropyridine-3-carboxylic acid | 156459-20-0 | C9H11NO5 |
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6-乙酰基-2H-1,4-苯并噁嗪-3(4H)-酮 | 6-acetyl-4H-benzo[1,4]oxazin-3-one | 26518-71-8 | C10H9NO3 |
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6-(叔丁基)-8-氟-2,3-二氮杂萘-1(2H)酮 | 6-tert-butyl-8-fluorophthalazin-1(2H)-one | 1242156-59-7 | C12H13FN2O |
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6-(4,5-二氢-3-甲基-5-氧代-1H-吡唑-1-基)-1,3-萘二磺酸 | 1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 6-(4,5-dihydro-3-methyl-5-oxo-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)- | 7277-87-4 | C14H12N2O7S2 |
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6,9-二氧代-11alpha,15S-二羟基-前列腺-13E-烯-1-酸 | 6-keto prostaglandin E1 | 67786-53-2 | C20H32O6 |
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6,8-二溴黄酮 | 6,8-dibromo-2-phenyl-4H-chromen-4-one | 42079-81-2 | C15H8Br2O2 |
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6,8-二氟-3,4-二氢-1H-2-萘酮 | 6,8-difluoro-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-2(1H)-one | 843644-23-5 | C10H8F2O |
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6,7-甲氧基-异色满-1,3-二酮 | 3,4-dimethoxyhomophthalic anhydride | 5653-42-9 | C11H10O5 |
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6,7-二羟基氯杀鼠灵酮 | 6,7-dihydroxycoumaranone | 6272-27-1 | C8H6O4 |
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6,7-二羟基-4-甲氧基异黄酮 | 6,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one | 897-46-1 | C16H12O5 |
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6,7-二甲氧基喹诺酮 | 6,7-Dimethoxy-carbostyril | 5278-38-6 | C11H11NO3 |
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6,7-二甲氧基喹喔啉-2(1H)-酮 | 6.7-Dimethoxy-chinoxalon-(2) | 5739-98-0 | C10H10N2O3 |
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6,7-二甲氧基-1,4-二氢-2,3-喹喔啉二酮 一水合物 | 6,7-dimethoxy-1,4-dihydroquinoxaline-2,3-dione | 4784-02-5 | C10H10N2O4 |
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6,7-二甲基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-酮 | 6,7-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one | 16440-98-5 | C11H12O |
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6,7-二氢-4(5H)-苯并呋喃酮 | 4-oxo-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzofuran | 16806-93-2 | C8H8O2 |
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6,7-二氢-1氢-吲唑-4(5H)-酮 | 2,5,6,7-tetrahydro-4H-indazol-4-one | 912259-10-0 | C7H8N2O |
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6,7-二氟-1H-吲哚-2,3-二酮 | 6,7-difluoroindoline-2,3-dione | 158580-95-1 | C8H3F2NO2 |
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6,10-二甲基-5,9-十一双烯-2-酮 | pseudo-ionone | 689-67-8 | C13H22O |
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6,10,14-三甲基十五碳-5,9,13-三烯-2-酮 | 6,10,14-trimethyl-5,9,13-pentadecatrien-2-one | 762-29-8 | C18H30O |
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6(7)-去氢炔诺孕酮 | 6(7)-Dehydro Norgestrel | 51087-61-7 | C21H26O2 |
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5’-氟-2’-甲氧基苯乙酮 | 1-(5-fluoro-2-methoxyphenyl)ethanone | 445-82-9 | C9H9FO2 |
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