Asymmetric Michael Addition of Malonate Anions to Prochiral Acceptors Catalyzed by l-Proline Rubidium Salt
摘要:
L-Proline rubidium salt catalyzes the asymmetric Michael addition of malonate anions to prochiral enones and enals. This method can be applied to a wide range of substrates to give adducts with a predictable absolute configuration: (S)-adducts from (E)-enones/enals and (R)-adducts from cyclic (Z)-enones. Both the secondary amine moiety and the carboxylate moiety are critical for the catalytic activity and asymmetric induction. Varying the countercation also affects the reaction course. High enantiomeric excesses were attained when di(tert-butyl) malonate was added to (E)-enones in the presence of CsF. The stereochemistry of the Michael reaction indicates that asymmetric induction takes place via enantioface discrimination involving the acceptor alpha-carbon atom rather than the beta-carbon atom.
A catalyst and method for performing a Michael addition reaction between a &bgr;-dicarbonyl compound with a cyclic or acyclic enone, where the catalyst comprises a substituted or unsubstituted lanthanum-linked BINOL complex, e.g. a (R,R)-La-linked-BINOL complex (1), are described.
1
The catalyst is stable in air, is readily separated from the reaction mixtures and may be reused if desired.
method for cyclization of alkynes is described. The reaction cascade involves the intermolecular addition of a phenylthiyl radical to a terminal triple bond generating an alkenylradical, followed by a 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer and a 5-exo-trig radicalcyclization. This very efficient tin-free procedure allows one to prepare highly functionalized cyclopentane derivatives as well as fused bicyclic and